Public, Academic, Special,
and School Libraries
CPU LLE Review 2017

Organizational Structure
Administration Reader Services Technical Services
Management
Policy decisions
Budget control
Staff supervision
Personnel matters
Staff training
Liaison within and
other organizations
Providing advice
Planning
Information Technology
(IT) support
Loans
Interlibrary Lending
(ILL)
Reader Education
Publicity and Public
Relations
Reader Assistance
Provides services that
deal with bibliographic
control including:
Acquisition
Cataloging
End Processing
Acquires and organizes
information

Library Staffing
Professional. The librarian who has library
qualifications (usually an undergraduate or graduate
degree) and recognized as a professional.
Paraprofessional. Supports the library’s professional
staff
Clerical. Usually directed to tasks by the professionals
or paraprofessionals.
Support. Staff who work as support of the
administrative section

Public Library
Funded by the
government and provides
library services to all
sections of the community

Objectives of a Public
Library
Education
Information
Culture
Leisure

Features
Library Collections - May have separate
collections for children, young adults, and adults.
Facilities - Public libraries must be centrally
located within the community they serve
Space - The size of any public library building
must consider the following: community
population, growing library collection, size of
staff, services to be offered.

History (Philippines)
American Circulating Library, established on March 9, 1900
by Charles Greenleaf, with Nellie Young Egbert as its first
librarian
The first effort to establish a public library outside Manila was
made on June 21, 1904 with the enactment of Act No. 1175,
AN Act Authorizing the Establishment of a Circulating Library
in the Province of Albay. The library did not materialize. It
was in 1955 when Albay Provincial Library was organized.
Iloilo Provincial Library was the first to earn the distinction of
being the first regular provincial library established in the
Philippines; it was organized on October 29, 1916 (or 1918?)

Related Laws
Act No. 1849
RA 411
RA 7743
RA 3873
Minimum Standards for
Public Libraries
RA 7356
RA 8047
Executive Order No. 119
RA 7160
Civil Service Office Memorandum
No. 99, s. 2001
RA 6966 and RA 9246
RA 8392

The National Library
Started with the Museo Biblioteca de Filipinas which was
established in 1887 with Don Pedro Paterno as the first
director.
During the American period, Charles O. Greenleaf
established the American Circulating Library
In 1909 - Dr. James Robertson as the director, a bibliographer
and a well-known historian
Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera was the director when the
Philippine Library Association was organized in October
1923, and eventually became the president of the association

Current NLP Director
Cesar Gilbert Q. Adriano, the new Director IV of the National
Library of the Philippines, was sworn into office last April 6, 2017
(appointed by Pres. Duterte)

Challenges
keeping up with technological developments
meeting a wide range of needs and expectations
maintaining free core services
coping with staffing and financial constraints
increasing cost of material
censorship
apathy of local population
competition

Academic Library
An academic library serves the staff, students, and
faculty of a tertiary institution such as a university or
college
The majority of users are academic & administrative
staff, both teachers and researchers, undergraduate
& postgraduate students on and off campus
Its primary purpose is to support the teaching,
research, and extension services functions of the
university.

Factors affecting
Management
Factors affecting management of academic libraries:
size of the user population (faculty, students, researchers,
administration, and staff)
thrust of the parent institution (college or university)
funding
presence of a library committee
position of the librarian in the organization and the duties
and responsibilities given to him/her, and so on.

Collection Features
Collections cover a wide variety of subjects based on
curriculum
Collections depend on requirements to provide basic texts
over many subject areas and also research-focused
collections
Users have different needs
Librarians need to coordinate with faculty/academic staff
Academic libraries have strong non-book collections and
also increasingly relies on electronic services

Services
Emphasizes reader
assistance and instruction
current awareness service
Modern circulation
systems
Photocopying and
computer services

Challenges
Extended opening hours to cater the needs of users
cost of keeping up with technology
storage of electronic information
cost of resourcing new courses
copyright considerations
Study and Storage space
collection storage, the need for security systems

Special Libraries
Specializes in a limited
subject area, usually
maintained by a
corporation, organization,
or government agency It is
attached to a society,
association, or
commercial institution

History
On July 2, 1909, twenty six (26) librarians congregated at Bretton
Woods in New Hampshire. This marked the birth of the Special
Libraries Association (SLA)
John Cotton Dana is the founder of the association.
The motto of the SLA was quoted by John A. Lapp, which is
“putting knowledge to work.”
Rufo Buenviaje is considered as the father of special librarianship
Juan C. Buenrostro, Jr. was the writer of the first book published
in the Philippines in 1995 entitled “The management of Special
Libraries and Information Centers.”

Associations of Special
Libraries
The Special Libraries Association (SLA)
The Association of Special Libraries in the Philippines
(ASLP) Angelina Cabanero was the first ASLP president.
ASALP has its own publication – the ASLP Bulletin
Medical and Health Librarians’ Association of the
Philippines (MAHLAP)
Agricultural Librarians’ Association of the Philippines
(ALAP)

Some Special Libraries in
the Philippines
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Asian Institute of Management (AIM)
Energy Research and Development Center (ERDC) under the
Philippine National Oil Company (PNOC).
International Center for Living and Aquatic Resources (ICLAR)
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Library
MERALCO
Philippine Council for Agriculture and Resources Research (PCARR)
Population Center Foundation (PCF)
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI)
San Miguel Corporation Human Resource Library Division
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC)
Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional
Center for Education Innovation and Technology Resource Center
(SEAMEO-INNOTECH)

School Libraries
Serves the staff and students
in a school, providing
resources to support the
curriculum, the direction in
the development and
teaching of courses
It aims to direct students
towards correct library use
and encourage reading.
‘Learning resource center’

History
can be traced to the beginning of the public library movement in the
last half of the nineteenth century in the United States.
It was in New York where librarians were first recognized as teachers
rather than clerks.
John Newberry is considered the “Father of Children’s Literature.” He
was the first to conceive the idea of publishing books for children.
The modern concept of a school library was introduced in the
Philippines by Lois Osborn.
The first school library established in the Philippines is Pampanga
High School Library.

Role of the
Teacher-Librarian
Select, evaluate, and organize
material to assist in the
teaching program and to meet
the educational, recreational,
and cultural needs of the
school community
To cooperate with teachers and
guide students in developing
the best ways of using the
resources available to achieve
the aims of the teaching
program and to develop the
students’ information literacy

Collections
Up-to-date reference materials for teachers and
students
Materials at appropriate reading levels to meet the
need for: research information, reading for
pleasure, hobbies & interests, current awareness
Latest reference books, recent non-fiction books,
fiction & picture books, newspapers and
periodicals, pamphlets, films, videos, equipment,
Internet accessible

Collection Development
Emphasis on supporting the curriculum and
encouraging teachers to be involved in the
selection processes
Schools now use more multimedia material
for teaching resources
Awareness of current developments in
children’s literature is essential for teacher-
librarians

Newberry Medal
The John Newbery Medal is a literary
award given by the Association for
Library Service to Children, a division of
the American Library Association (ALA)
The award is given to the author of "the
most distinguished contribution to
American literature for children."
Named for John Newbery, an 18th-
century English publisher of juvenile
books, the Newbery was proposed by
Frederic G. Melcher in 1921
2017 awardee: The Girl Who Drank the
Moon by Kelly Barnhill

The Carnegie Medal
The Carnegie Medal is a British
literary award that annually
recognises one outstanding new
book for children or young adults. It
is conferred upon the author by the
Chartered Institute of Library and
Information Professionals (CILIP).
The Medal is named after the
Scottish-born American
philanthropist Andrew Carnegie
2017 awardee: Salt to the Sea by
Ruta Sepetys

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