CNN 10
Tensions Between India and Pakistan Flare Up; Brave Climber
Alex Honnold Climes El Capitan in Yosemite National Park
Without Ropes
Aired February 28, 2019 - 04:00:00 ET
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN
ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Welcome everyone. I`m Carl Azuz
for CNN 10. There are nine countries in the world that are
believed to have nuclear weapons and two of them which happen to
be neighbors have just had a flare up in their rivalry. We`re
talking about the south Asian countries of India and Pakistan.
Other governments are asking them to show restraint to try to
calm down their tensions. Earlier this month there was a suicide
car bomb attack on Indian soldiers in a territory controlled by
India. Forty troops were killed. India says a terrorist group based
in Pakistan is responsible and it accuses Pakistan of supporting the
attack.
Pakistan says it had nothing to do with the bombing but on Tuesday
India launched air strikes in Pakistani territory for the first time
in almost 50 years. India says it was targeting a camp run by the
terrorist group. Then on Wednesday, Pakistan says its air force
shot down two Indian fighter jets that had flown over territory
Pakistan says it controls. India confirmed it has lost one plane but
said it had shot down a Pakistani jet too. We don`t know exactly
what happened with the planes but we can tell you about a problem
that`s existed between these two countries for years.

It`s a dispute over a territory named Kashmir. It`s located on the
northern borders of Pakistan and India. Both nations control parts
of Kashmir but both nations claim that the entire territory should
be theirs. It`s by no means a new dispute. It`s caused fighting and
wars between them for decades including the violence that we`ve
seen this week.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: They`re neighbors with a shared
history but a fractured present. Seventy years ago, British rulers
sliced a giant Indian empire into two countries a new Hindu
majority India and Pakistan home to mostly Muslims. From the 18th
century through independence, the British empire in India
stretched from Afghanistan in the west to Burma in the east. That
by the 1940s anti-colonial sentiments swirled in many British
colonies around the world including India.
Demands for India`s independence grew led by freedom fighters
Mohandoas Karamchand Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Muhammaed
Ali Jama who favored a separate state for India`s Muslim
minorities. India was burning. Communal tensions between Hindus
and Muslims spiraled out of control. Calls to end British rule were
reaching boiling point. On that back of a costly second World War,
Britain lacked the will and the means to defeat the independence
movement. Britain decided to quit India. In March 1947, Naval
Officer Lord Mountbatten was appointed the Viceroy of India to
oversee the handover of power.
He assigned British lawyer Cyril Radcliffe to draw the partition
line. In just six weeks, he finalized a plan to divide India along
religious lines.

There would be a new India, a secular India though it`s where the
Hindu majority would live and a separate country called Pakistan
for Muslims. On midnight of August 14th, 1947, the British Empire
officially transferred power to India and Pakistan. After nearly
two centuries of colonial rule, India became a sovereign nation and
Pakistan was born.
Jama became head of the newly formed Pakistan. Nehru became
the first prime minister of India.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: At the stroke of the midnight hour, when
the world sleeps. India will awake through light from freedom.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: The partition saw one of the largest
human migrations the world has ever seen. Millions of Hindus and
Sikhs living in Pakistan headed to India. Millions of Muslims
migrated to Pakistan, in trains, (inaudible), on foot. In a matter of
months at least 10 million people moved across the borders. At
least 1 million Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs died in communal attacks
as they crossed the border. Tens of thousands of women and girls
were abducted. Families were divided.
Twenty-four years later in 1971, the east wing of Pakistan split
away to become a separate country called Bangladesh. The west
side remained as present day Pakistan. India and Pakistan have
fought four wars since 1947 mostly fueled by disputes over the
northern Himalayan state of Jammu and Kasmir. Both countries
claim it in its entirety but only control parts of it. Though both
sides have attempted to restore peace many times, they
remain hostile, nuclear armed neighbors even today. Malika
(inaudible), CNN, Amritsar, India.
(END VIDEO CLIP)

CARL AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. Which of these landmarks would
you find in Yosemite National Park? Chimney Rock, Landscape Arch,
Crater Lake or El Capitan. El Cap as it`s also known is a famous
feature of California`s Yosemite National Park.
It`s 3,200 feet tall. Its walls are just about vertical. It was once
believed to be impossible to climb but that changed in the late
1950s according to Encyclopedia Britannica when an expedition to
install pitons and drilling holes for ropes help a climber named
Warren Harding make his way up El Capitan. Two years ago, history
on the mountain was made again when a 33 year old climber free
soloed, meaning climbed it without any ropes as CNN.com puts it. If
he slips, he falls. If he falls, he dies. The film that won this years
Academy Award for Best Documentary was based on this climb.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
ALEX HONNOLD: When I know when I`m doing and I`m climbing
well then it feels meditative and very relaxing and beautiful. But if
I don`t know what I`m doing and I, you know, start to hesitate,
start to get scared then it can be an nightmare.
Typically watching for so long it`s scarier than doing it. Because
when you`re - - when you`re doing the climb, you know how
comfortable you feel.
You know how control you feel. You know, as when you`re watching
you have no idea how the person feels and so you kind of fear the
worst.
When you drive up off the left foot and do the thumb press,
that`s the worst hold on the entire route. So you get maybe half

your thumb on the hold. As it turned out, when I had the
experience it was probably good that it was so high off the ground
because I had done so much now. I was so deeply in the zone I
guess. You know, I was basically performing so well that by the
time I got there I felt incredible and I just executed it
perfectly.
Basically the last five or six hundred feet, the last 200 meters are
- - get easier and easier as you go and so it really feels like you`re
sort of sprinting to the finish line and it`s like beautiful. And
you`re just like, ah, this is so nice. You know, you can sort of, like,
relax more as you get closer and enjoy it more as you get closer to
the top. And so when I came over the summit, I mean, I was just
like this is awesome. Yes. It was incredible.
It is definitely a physical challenge to - - to climb El Cap but
compared to the - - the standards of the day, I mean the challenge
isn`t really - - or the main challenge isn`t physical for - - for free
soloing El Cap. It`s definitely a bigger mental challenge than
physical. I think regardless of the film, regardless of any media
accompanying it, I mean at some point I can just have a picnic with
my family. Look at the wall and go that is the wall that I climbed
once. That`s, you know, I mean, it`s - - it`s - - it`s deeply
satisfying.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
CARL AZUZ: In Japan there`s a restaurant that challenges you to
eat more noodles than you thought possible. The small bowls of
soba noodles are refilled as soon as you eat what`s inside and this
lady managed to take down 300 bowls of them. That`s the
equivalent of 20 regular sized bowls of noodles so anyway you do
the math it`s a lot ya`ll. The restaurant says its record was set

when someone ate 570 small bowls or about 38 regular bowls of
soba in one sitting.
Finding someone to break that record would be like finding a
"noodle" in a haystack. Critics might call that "glutenis".
Supporters might say it`s worth "weating" for but if you`re up for
a challenging "bowl" game and you`re bringing a "souped" up
appetite. It`s tough to beat a lunch that all you can "weat". I`m
Carl Azuz and that`s CNN.
END

when someone ate 570 small bowls or about 38 regular bowls of
soba in one sitting.
Finding someone to break that record would be like finding a
"noodle" in a haystack. Critics might call that "glutenis".
Supporters might say it`s worth "weating" for but if you`re up for
a challenging "bowl" game and you`re bringing a "souped" up
appetite. It`s tough to beat a lunch that all you can "weat". I`m
Carl Azuz and that`s CNN.
END