1. Literature Review

2. Objectives…
 Definition
 Types
 Purpose
 Importance
 Sources
 Steps
 Recommendations

3. Definitions:
 A scientific study of psychological review by
psychologists which have for x category
publications if M.Phil and PhD (Gull, N 2019)
 A literature review is a comprehensive summary of
previous research on a topic. The literature review
surveys scholarly articles, books, and other
sources relevant to a particular area of research.
 A literature review is a "comprehensive study and
interpretation of literature that addresses a specific
topic" (Aveyard, 2010)

4. Cont….
 Review of literature is one of the most important steps in
the research process
 It is an account of what is already known about a
particular phenomenon.
 The main purpose of literature review is to convey to the
readers about the work already done & the knowledge &
ideas that have been already established on a particular
topic of research.
 Literature review is a laborious task, but it is essential if
the research process is to be successful.

5. Types..
1. Argumentative Review
2. Integrative Review:
3. Historical Review:
4. Methodological Review:
5. Systematic Review:
6. Theoretical Review

6. types…
 Argumentative Review: as the name implies,
examines literature selectively in order to support or
refute an argument
 Integrative Review: critiques, and synthesizes
secondary data about research topic in an integrated
way such that new frameworks and perspectives on
the topic are generated. If your research does not
involve primary data collection and data analysis,
then using integrative literature review will be your
only option

7. Cont….
 Historical Review: Historical literature reviews focus on
examining research throughout a period of time, often starting
with the first time an issue, concept, theory phenomena emerged
in the literature, then tracing its evolution within the scholarship
of a discipline. The purpose is to place research in a historical
context to show familiarity with state-of-the-art developments and
to identify the likely directions for future research.

8. Cont…
 Methodological Review A review does not always focus on what someone
said [content], but how they said it [method of analysis].
 Systematic Review In contrast to the traditional or narrative review, systematic
reviews use a more rigorous and well-defined approach to reviewing the literature
in a specific subject area.• Systematic reviews are used to answer well- focused
questions about clinical practice.
 Theoretical Review Theoretical literature reviews play an instrumental role in
establishing what theories already exist, the relationships between them, to what
degree the existing theories have been investigated, and to develop new hypotheses
to be tested.

9. PURPOSE:
 to gain an understanding of the existing research
 We’ll also gain insight into how researchers apply the
concepts
 Describe the relationship of each work to the others under
consideration.
 Identify new ways to interpret prior research.
 Reveal any gaps that exist in the literature.
 Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory previous
studies.
 Identify areas of prior scholarship to prevent duplication of
effort.
 Point the way in fulfilling a need for additional research.
 Locate your own research within the context of existing
literature [very important].

10. Cont….
 The purpose of a literature review is to convey to the reader previous
knowledge & facts established on a topic, & their strength &
weakness.
 The literature review allows the reader to be updated with the state of
research in a field & any contradictions that may exist with challenges
findings of other research studies
 It helps to develop research investigative tools & to improve research
methodologies.
 It also provide the knowledge about the problems faced by the
previous researchers’ while studying same topic.
 Enhancing researchers’ knowledge about the topic

11. Importance
 Give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with
old interpretations,
 It describes how the proposed research is related to prior
research in statistics.
 Trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major
debates,
 Depending on the situation, evaluate the sources and advise
the reader on the most pertinent or relevant research, or
 Usually in the conclusion of a literature review, identify where
gaps exist in how a problem has been researched to date.
 It shows the originality and relevance of your research
problem. Specifically, your research is die rent from other
statisticians.
 It justifies your proposed methodology.
 It demonstrates your preparedness to complete the research.

12. Cont….
 Discovery of unanswered questions about subjects,
concepts or problems
 Development of hypothesis to be tested in a
research study
 Helps in planning the methodology of the present
research study
 It also helps in development of research
instruments.
 Identification of suitable design & data collection
methods for a research study

13. Development of the Literature Review
1. Problem formulation - which topic or field is being
examined and what are its component issues?
2. Literature search - finding materials relevant to the
subject being explored.
3. Data evaluation - determining which literature
makes a significant contribution to the
understanding of the topic.
4. Analysis and interpretation - discussing the
findings and conclusions of pertinent literature.

14. Sources….

15. Recommendations:
 Literature review gives support to the study
 provide background, for conducting a research
 make standardized, valid, approvable and
acceptable study. Literature Review used in
different kind of study or research.
 A review of literature also contributes to the
development of the researcher’s intellectual
capacity and practical skills as it engenders a
research attitude, thus encouraging the
researcher to think rigorously. Time and effort
carefully spent at this particular stage helps to
save a great deal of effort and vague search.

16. Conclusion…
 Literature review gives support to the study;
provide background, for conducting a research,
and make standardized, valid, approvable and
acceptable study. Literature Review used in
different kind of study or research.
 A review of literature also contributes to the
development of the researcher’s intellectual
capacity and practical skills as it engenders a
research attitude, thus encouraging the
researcher to think rigorously. Time and effort
carefully spent at this particular stage helps to
save a great deal of effort and vague search.

17. Thank You Soooo Much…