1. A Seminar On
HYBRID CAR
1

2. WHAT IS A HYBRID?
 A hybrid is a vehicle that is propelled by two power
sources.
Internal combustion engine (ICE)
+
Electric motor powered by batteries.
2

3. OBJECTIVES
 Types of hybrid vehicles
 Hybrid vehicle operation
 Commonly asked questions about hybrids
 The pay back rate of hybrids
 Advantages and disadvantages of owning a hybrid
3

4. LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES
 Full hybrid
 They feature idle-stop function
 Regenerative braking
 Most are capable of using the electric motor alone to propel
the vehicle
 The electric motor also assists the engine
 Battery voltages are about 200 to 300 volts
4

5. LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES
 Medium hybrid
 They feature idle-stop function
 Regenerative braking
 Most are not capable of using the electric motor alone to
propel the vehicle
 The electric motor usually assists the engine
 Battery voltages are about 144 to 158 volts
5

6. LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES
 Mild Hybrid
 They feature idle-stop function
 Regenerative braking
 Are not capable of using the electric motor to propel the
vehicle
 These systems are usually 42 volts or less
6

7. Basic Components
 Power plant ICE
 Electric motor / Generator
 Battery
 Transmission
 Inverter
7

8. TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES
 Series hybrid
 Vehicle propulsion is by a electric motor only
 ICE is used for charging the HV battery
8

9. Series Hybrid
9

10. TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES
 Parallel hybrid
 Uses multiple propulsion energy sources
 This means the electric motor and ICE propels the vehicle
10

11. Parallel Hybrid
11

12. TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES
 Series-parallel hybrid
 These vehicles can operate using the electric motor alone or
with assist of the ICE
 They combine both functions of series and parallel design
12

13. Drive Modes of Operation
13

14. Maintenance
 Hybrid vehicles require the same maintenance as
regular vehicles
 However, some hybrids require inverter flushes and
battery filter changes.
 There be additional costs involved in replacing low
rolling resistance tires.
 Vehicle repairs may cost more than a regular vehicle
14

15. HOW LONG WILL A HIGH VOLTAGE
BATTERY LAST?
 Most hybrid high voltage batteries last 180,000 to
240,000 miles
 Manufacture battery warranties
 Honda
 8 years / 80,000 miles
 Toyota
 8 years / 100,000 miles
 Ford
 8 years / 100,000 miles
 General Motors
 8 years / 100,000 miles
15

16. ARE HYBRID VEHICLES SAFE?
The following will disable the high voltage system
 High voltage interlock circuit
 Airbag deployment
 High voltage leak
 Removing battery negative
16

17. WHAT HAPPENS IF A HYBRID VEHICLE
IS SUBMERGED IN WATER?
 There is no risk of electric shock from touching the
car's body or framework—in or out of the water.
17

18. All Electric Vehicle Performance
 Speeds range from 25-90+ mph
 Distances per charge range from 25-250 miles
 Equivalent mileages @ $4.00/gal gas:
• Cars 100-200 mpg
• Motorcycles 200-400 mpg
 Considerably less maintenance/complexity
• No fluids, muffler, water pump, oil, belts, starter
• Longer life brakes (regen), less heat degradation
• No stops at gas station or oil changes, starts in
winter, fewer places to pay bills (home electric bill)
18

19. Advantages Disadvantages
 Better mileage
 Improved acceleration
(most of the time)
 Less dependence on fossil
fuels
 Lower emissions
 Some states provide
incentives for driving a
hybrid
 Great driving experience
 Little highway mileage
increase
 High initial cost
 Needs high fuel cost to be
worthwhile
 Could cost more to repair
 Extra maintenance items
 Some hybrids need special
tires
HYBRID VEHICLE VS REGULAR VEHICLE
19

20. CONCLUSION
20

21. REFERENCE
21