1. OVERVIEW OF Salacia reticulata with
reference to its antidiabetic activity
Presented by ABHISHEK SAMANTA
1ST YEAR,M.pharm in Pharmaceutical chemistry
Department of pharmaceutical Sciences,
DIBRUGARH UNIVERSITY
2. INTRODUCTION
Salacia is an indigenous flowering plant grown in dry zone forests in srilanka and southern
region of India.
It contain root, leaves and stem of an herb Salacia reticulata
Belongs to family- Celastraceae
Subfamily- Hipocrateaceae
In ayurvedic medicine is known as kothala himbutu .The roots have many biologically active
compound , such as triterpenes, phenolic compounds, glycosides and coloring agent,which
shows various medical properties.
It is widely used in treating diabetes . The decoction of S.reticulata roots also used in the
treatment of gonorrhoea , rheumatism, skin diseases , itching, swelling, asthama and thirst.
3. MORPHOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
S.Reticulata is a climbing, perennial, woods shrub. The plant has dichotomous branching
pattern. The bark is smooth , greenish grey in colour, thin and white internally. Leaves are
opposite and elliptic-oblong. Flowers are bisexual and arranged as 2-8 clustered in leaf
axils. They are greenish-white to greenish yellow colour. Fruit is a drupe which is globose
and tubercular, which is pinkish-orange in colour. Seeds 1-4 in number and resembles with
almond.
4. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
The chemical constituents which are responsible for antidiabetic action
are…………
1. Mangiferine
2. Kotalanol
3. Salacinol
4. 13-Memberd ring thiocyclitol(13-MRT)
5. Mangiferin
Antidiabetic activity of mangiferine by establishing its protein tyrosine
phophatase1B(PTP1B) inhibitory activity PTP1B plays vital role in the potential
treatment of diabetes mellitus.
NAME R1 R2
Mangiferine H H
Homomangiferine Me H
Neomangiferin H Beta-glucose
6. Kotalanol
This is a inner salt comprised of 1-deoxyheptosyl-3-sulphate anion and
1-deoxy-4-D-arabinofuranosyl sulfonium cation.
Katalanol is a potent natural alpha-glucosidase inhibitor.
Katalanol was found to show more potent inhibitory activity against
sucrose than salacinol.
7. Salacinol
In crystallographic analysis salacinol has unique spiro-like configuaration
of the inner salt comprised of 1-deoxy-4-thio-D-arabinofuranosyl
sulfonium cation and 1’-deoxy-D-erythrosyl-3’-sulfate anion.
It is a potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor.
8. 13-membered ring thiocyclitol(13-MRT)
A polyhydroxylated cyclic 13-membered sulfoxide was isolated from
an aqueous extract of Salacia reticulta.
The structure was elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.
The 13-MRT is alpha-glucosidase inhibitor and much greater than the
inhibitory activity of salacinol.
9. TREATMENT
Salacia reticulata is herbal medicine used for the treatment of early diabetes
in Ayurvedic medicine.
In early research suggests that consuming Salacia tea with each meal might
lower haemoglobin A1C levels in people with type 2 diabetes. A single dose
Salacia, in combination with a meal, also seems to reduce blood sugar level.
Other early research suggests that taking Salacia with food for 6 weeks seems
to reduce pre-meal blood sugar and HbA1C level in patients with type 2
diabetes.
10. Side effects and safety[4]
• Salacia is possibly safe when taken by mouth, short-term. Single dose of Salacia can
be consumed safely in doses up to 1000 mg . Consuming Salacia tea with food seems
to be safe for up to three months.
• Salacia can causes uncomfortable side effect such as gas, belching, pain in the
abdomen, nausea and diarrhea .
12. REFERENCE
1.Salacia reticulata WIGHT (Kothala himbatu): A Review of Botany,
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology,KKIU Arunakumara* and S Subasinghe
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna,
Mapalana, Kamburupitiya, Sri Lanka ,Accepted: 05 April 2010
2. Sidney J. Stohs and Sidhartha Ray, Anti‐diabetic and Anti‐hyperlipidemic
Effects and Safety of Salacia reticulata and Related Species,published on 2015
May 31.
3.Shivesh jha and tanveer naved, EFFECT OF INGREDIENTS OF A LOCAL ANTIDIABETIC
FORMULATION IN ENHANCING THE ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SALACIA RETICULATA IN ALLOXAN
INDUCED DIABETIC RATS.
4. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1106/salacia
5. https://www.trc-canada.com/product-detail/?S085200
