1. FLOOD
The Philippines is surrounded by
water and frequently experiences
monsoons which explains the
excessive volume of water on the
surface of the ground. Water
exceeds the carrying capacity of
the land and escapes its usual
barrier.

2. What is a flood?
It is a natural event
or occurrence
where a piece of
land (or area) that
is usually dry land,
suddenly gets sub-
merged under
water.

3. TYPES OF FLOODS BASED ON THE FOLLOWIN
LOCATION
River flooding Coastal flooding Urban flooding
DURATION OF OCCURENCE
Flashfloods
Sheet floods
Rapid on-set floods
Slow on-set floods

4. FLASH FLOODS
This kind occurs within a very
short time (2-6 hours, and
sometimes within minutes) and is
usually as a result of heavy rain,
dam break or snow melt.
SHEET FLOODS
Sheet Flood Hazard is a type of
flood hazard with flooding depths
of 1 to 3 feet that occurs in areas
of sloping land.

5. RAPID ON-SET FLOODS
Similar to flash floods, this type
takes slightly longer
to develop and the flood can
last for a day or two only.
SLOW ON-SET FLOODS
This kind is usually as a result
of water bodies over flooding
their banks. They tend to
develop slowly and can last for
days and weeks.

6. WHAT CAUSES FLOODING?
Rains
River Overflow
Strong winds in coastal
area
Dam breaking
Ice and snow melts

7. WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF FLOODING?
 ECONOMIC
Floods bring great damage
to infrastructure and to the
people. All the repairs come
at a heavy cost to people
and the government.

8. ENVIRONMENT
Chemicals and other hazardous substances end up in
the water and eventually contaminate the water
bodies that floods end up in.

9.  PEOPLE AND ANIMALS
Many people and animals
have died in flash floods.
Many more are injured and
others made homeless.

10. To help protect the citizens and their properties,
the government, through the Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration
(PAGASA), introduced a standard flood warning system.

11. WHAT YOU CAN DO BEFORE,DURING, AND AFTER FLOOD

12. 1. Know about your evacuation routes.
2. Keep emergency numbers and important
information handy, as well as emergency
supplies, kits, first aid items.
3. Make sure everything that is of importance is
secured .
4. Plant trees and plants.
BEFORE

13. DURING
1. Be quick, keep safe and ensure
that children and
elderly are safe by leaving the
house to a higher ground.
2. Turn off all electrical appliances.
3. Stay away from power lines or broken power
transmission cables.
4. Try to keep away from flood water.

14. 5. Leave the area before it gets too late. Do not
drive through the water as moving water can
sweep you away.

15. AFTER
1. Make sure you have permission from emergency
officers to get back inside your house.
2. Keep all power and electrical appliance off until
the house is cleaned up properly and an electrical
personnel has confirmed that it is OK to put them on.
3. Make sure you have photographs, or a record of all
the damage, as it may be needed for insurance claims.
4. Clean the entire home.
5. Wear appropriate gear (mask and gloves)
before cleaning begins.

16. Tsunami (soo-Nah-mee) is a very high wave
usually caused by the movement of the earth's
crust under the sea.

17. Tsunami waves are only about one-metre high
because the water is deep. However, as the water
becomes shallow, the waves slow down and begin
to grow. They can rise to 35m or higher.

18. The scariest thing about a tsunami is its wavelength,
as this determines how far inland it can travel.
Whereas a large wave caused by a storm might have a
wavelength of up to 150m, a tsunami could reach up to
a fearsome 1,000km!

19. The most devastating tsunami that happened in the
country was the Moro Gulf tsunami, which took place
on August 17, 1976 and resulted in an estimated
death toll of 8,000.
The Moro Gulf tsunami eventually led former president
Ferdinand Marcos to form the National Disaster
Coordinating Council, which is now known as the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Council (NDRRMC).