Applying the Four Principles: Case StudyPart 1: Chart (60 points)
Based on the “Healing and Autonomy” case study, fill out all the relevant boxes below. Provide the information by means of bullet points or a well-structured paragraph in the box. Gather as much data as possible.
Medical Indications
Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
Patient Preferences
Autonomy
Faster dialysis will end up relieving or reducing high blood pressure as well as fluid buildup of James. James is placed on dialysis due to deteriorating condition. Also he needs the kidney transplant in a year. Samuel, James’s twin brother is the only one regarded as an ideal tissue donor. While conducting the kidney transplant would save the life of James, it will threaten the life of Samuel due to major surgery and losing one kidney (Ghaderi et al. 2018).
The care provider has abided by the parent’s autonomy through permitting them to exercise their spiritual beliefs. The care provider has also agreed to the patient’s faith the spiritual beliefs will restore the health of the patient. Mike the father of the twin thinks that miracle will heal his son as he struggle with the probability of going ahead with surgery. More so, little opinion is aired by Joanne the mother of the twins and this raises eyebrows as why
Quality of Life
Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Autonomy
Contextual Features
Justice and Fairness
Medical treatment will help in restoring the kidney functionality of James as well as save his life, however he will experience some discomfort due to the temporary dialysis. Medical treatment should bring James’s renal function to normalcy however; he has not received such treatment as results of autonomy and parent’s decision on depend on faith. This led to continues deterioration of the health condition of the patient. The deteriorating condition will only demand kidney transplant. James is now going to depend on dialysis is which lower the quality of life, because the procedure has to be conducted three times in a week and it is physically draining (Ghaderi et al. 2018). With time he will lose life or undergo kidney transplant.
Having a kidney from Samuel will improve James’s quality of life. Samuel on the other hand will temporary decline in functionality and if he lose the one kidney, he will also require a transplant (Shaha et al. 2018).
If Samuel gives his brother a kidney he will save life of his brother ad not lose hm. He will in turn improve his life .Nomalificience principle is highlighted Mike struggle with the decision of losing one son and putting the other can on a major surgery leading to increased risk of surviving on one kidney (Gracindo et al. 2018).
Mike, the father of the twins wonders and is in dilemma whether it is just or fair to put Samuel through the great ordeal of surgery and go through the risk of having only one kidney. However, given the close relationship between James and Samuel, it would be proper if .
Applying the Four Principles Case StudyPart 1 Chart (60 points)B.docx
1. Applying the Four Principles: Case StudyPart 1: Chart (60
points)
Based on the “Healing and Autonomy” case study, fill out all
the relevant boxes below. Provide the information by means of
bullet points or a well-structured paragraph in the box. Gather
as much data as possible.
Medical Indications
Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
Patient Preferences
Autonomy
Faster dialysis will end up relieving or reducing high blood
pressure as well as fluid buildup of James. James is placed on
dialysis due to deteriorating condition. Also he needs the kidney
transplant in a year. Samuel, James’s twin brother is the only
one regarded as an ideal tissue donor. While conducting the
kidney transplant would save the life of James, it will threaten
the life of Samuel due to major surgery and losing one kidney
(Ghaderi et al. 2018).
The care provider has abided by the parent’s autonomy
through permitting them to exercise their spiritual beliefs. The
care provider has also agreed to the patient’s faith the spiritual
beliefs will restore the health of the patient. Mike the father of
the twin thinks that miracle will heal his son as he struggle with
the probability of going ahead with surgery. More so, little
opinion is aired by Joanne the mother of the twins and this
raises eyebrows as why
Quality of Life
Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Autonomy
Contextual Features
Justice and Fairness
Medical treatment will help in restoring the kidney
functionality of James as well as save his life, however he will
experience some discomfort due to the temporary dialysis.
Medical treatment should bring James’s renal function to
3. Christian worldview, which of the four principles is most
pressing in this case? Explain why. (45 points)
Based on the Christian perspective autonomy is the
pressing principle in this particular scenario. Autonomy has to
do with letting the patient decide or make choices related to
their treatment in regard to their experiences, values as well as
beliefs. Autonomy is demonstrated by mike when they decide
not to go ahead with the surgery due to the moving sermon they
had experienced in church thus, taking their son to healing
services. The parent has therefore decided to let faith take its
course (Shaha et al. 2018). Later the condition worsened.
Autonomy plays a key role as the father struggle with the
possibility of going ahead with surgery and putting Samuel at
risk. The principle of justice is also crucial at this point when
mike figures out if it would be fair to put the o through Samuel
through ordeal of surgery. He is undecided and only hope that
the son to be healed through faith.
In healthcare sector, the principle of autonomy is always
considered and care providers are supposed to abide by or
respect the decision made by the patient. If the patient is not
fully autonomous in making choices in regard to medical
treatment the care provider has duty to let the patient participate
in medical decisions in relation to consequences of the choices
or decision made (Shaha et al. 2018).
Religious objection has a very strong foundation in the
legal precedent in constitution. It can be challenging for any
curt to justify where when the patient or parents refuse
medication for intention a that are not founded on the
recognized religion. However, where the spiritual treatment the
quality of life of the patient the patient autonomy may be
excluded (Tilburt, Pacyna, & Rusthoven, 2020).
2. In 200-250 words answer the following: According to the
Christian worldview, how might a Christian rank the priority of
the four principles? Explain why. (45 points)
In regard to Christian perspective, the Christian would run
4. the importance or priority of the four principles in relation to
faith. Western medicine was commenced by Judeo-Christian
and the Greco-Roman heritage (Gracindo et al. 2018). Further in
relation to principles of medical ethics there are different
principles of the medical ethics comprising of moral code,
doctor, patient relationship, nomalificience, moral justification,
autonomy, justice and beneficence. There are only four
principles named in the biomedical ethics including non-
maleficence, justice, beneficence and autonomy. In regard to the
Christian world view, the four principles would rank in the
following manner. Autonomy will be the most prioritized
principle to Christians. The respect for free is one of the most
crucial topic in the biblical doctrine together with the
interaction among human beings and GOD (Tilburt, Pacyna, &
Rusthoven, 2020). In the book of genesis, a man is newly
created and then given freedom to make choices. The man is
given choices to follow commandment and not eat from the tree
of knowledge because he would die in the process. Therefore
God created and also respected the free will. Therefore, the
work of care provider is to inform ad and then respect the
choices made by the parents or patients. Non maleficence
principle comes second where the care provide has the moral
obligation not to cause harm to patient. Beneficence comes
second and it is clearly stated in the bible that “love your
neighbor as you love yourself” (Tilburt, Pacyna, & Rusthoven,
2020). The care providers should focus on benefiting others.
Justice has to do with treating people with fairness and
distributing resources equally. Therefore, the biblical law
outlines how people should treat one another in spite of having
diverse race and religion. All patients should be treated with
compassion and dignity.
References:
Ghaderi, A., Malek, F., Mohammadi, M., Maskopaii, S. R.,
Hamta, A., & Madani, S. A. (2018). Adherence to principles of
medical ethics among physicians in
Gracindo, G. C. L., da Silva Gallo, J. H., & Nunes, R. (2018).
5. Threats to bioethical principles in medical practice in Brazil:
new medical ethics code period. Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research, 51(5).
Shaha, K. K., Patra, A. P., Chaudhari, V. A., Das, S., & Das, S.
K. (2018). A review on Applications of Principles of Medical
Ethics in the Practice of Surgery. South-East Asian Journal of
Medical Education, 12(1).
Tilburt, J., Pacyna, J., & Rusthoven, J. (2020). Christian
Integrity Regained: Reformational Worldview Engagement for
Everyday Medical Practice. Christian bioethics: Non-
Ecumenical Studies in Medical Morality. mazandaran province,
iran. Archives of Iranian medicine, 21(1), 19.
Case Study: Healing and Autonomy
Mike and Joanne are the parents of James and Samuel, identical
twins born 8 years ago. James is currently suffering from acute
glomerulonephritis, kidney failure. James was originally
brought into the hospital for complications associated with a
strep throat infection. The spread of the A streptococcus
infection led to the subsequent kidney failure. James’s condition
was acute enough to warrant immediate treatment. Usually cases
of acute glomerulonephritis caused by strep infection tend to
improve on their own or with an antibiotic. However, James
also had elevated blood pressure and enough fluid buildup that
required temporary dialysis to relieve.
The attending physician suggested immediate dialysis. After
some time of discussion with Joanne, Mike informs the
physician that they are going to forego the dialysis and place
their faith in God. Mike and Joanne had been moved by a
sermon their pastor had given a week ago, and also had