Open insulin 28032017

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Winnie Poncelet

Presentation on Open Insulin kick-off event 28.03.2017 in ReaGent (Ghent, Belgium).

Science

Context
• 400+ million people with diabetes
• Big demand in poorer communities
• Expensive
• No generic insulin

Context
• Complications
Blindness
Amputations
• Patent strategies keep prices up

Develop the first open source
protocol to produce insulin simply
and economically

Implications
• Cheaper insulin through generic
manufacturers
• Improvements to medication
• Home brewing insulin

Implications
• Microfactories in developing communities
• Communication on diabetes/pharma issues
• Open science proof of concept

Progress
• Two genetic constructs
• Good growth in bacteria (E. coli)
• Expression of proinsulin,
fluorescent marker

To do
• Turn into human insulin (digest)
• Purify and validate with HPLC
• Followup?
– Legal
– Safety
– Scaling up

Lessons
• Communication
• Recruitment
• Uncharted terrain: international collaboration

International
• Sydney
• Started in early 2017

Belgian Chapter
• Repeat experiments?
• Find new approach?
• Help in other ways

Today
• We start
• Make plans
– Research
– Recruiting/funding

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Cotton crops are vulnerable to a variety of sucking pests, which can severely impact plant health, yield, and fiber quality. These pests primarily feed on plant sap, extracting nutrients directly from the plant's vascular system. Here's a breakdown of some of the most significant sucking pests in cotton cultivation: Aphids: Cotton aphids or melon aphids can cause direct damage by sucking sap and indirect damage by secreting honeydew, which encourages sooty mold growth. This can interfere with photosynthesis and weaken the plant. Aphids can also transmit viral diseases. Whiteflies: Two species, the silverleaf whitefly and the bandedwinged whitefly, are particularly troublesome. They not only suck sap from the underside of leaves, causing yellowing and leaf drop, but their honeydew excretion promotes sooty mold and they can transmit several plant viruses. Thrips: While thrips can chew on plants, their primary damage to cotton is through sucking. They attack the cotton plant during its seedling stage, which can stunt growth and reduce vigor. Thrips are also capable of transmitting the Cotton Bud disease. Spider Mites: These are not insects but arachnids. Spider mites, such as the two-spotted spider mite, suck cell contents from the leaves, leading to speckled discoloration and potentially significant leaf loss if infestations are severe. Leafhoppers: Including various species, leafhoppers can cause direct damage through feeding, which results in leaf curling and stunted growth. They can also be vectors for plant diseases. Mealybugs: These pests are less common but can be problematic, especially in clustered planting conditions. They suck sap and secrete honeydew, which leads to sooty mold. Mealybugs can also spread viruses. Stink Bugs: Although primarily known for their chewing mouthparts, certain stink bugs can cause damage similar to sucking pests by injecting saliva into the plant and sucking out nutrients, leading to boll damage and stained lint. Management Strategies: Cultural Controls: This includes practices such as crop rotation, using resistant varieties, and managing planting and harvesting times to avoid peak pest populations. Biological Controls: Beneficial insects like lady beetles, lacewings, and predatory mites can naturally control sucking pest populations. Parasitic wasps also play a role in controlling aphid and whitefly populations. Chemical Controls: Insecticides may be used but should be chosen carefully to minimize resistance development and preserve beneficial insects. Systemic insecticides can be particularly effective against sucking pests. Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Combining multiple control strategies based on monitoring and thresholds to apply the most effective and environmentally sensitive approach. Effective management of sucking pests in cotton requires a thorough understanding of the pest species present, their life cycles, and the ecological balance of the field environment.

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Open insulin 28032017

3. Context • 400+ million people with diabetes • Big demand in poorer communities • Expensive • No generic insulin

4. Context • Complications Blindness Amputations • Patent strategies keep prices up

5. Develop the first open source protocol to produce insulin simply and economically

6. Implications • Cheaper insulin through generic manufacturers • Improvements to medication • Home brewing insulin

7. Implications • Microfactories in developing communities • Communication on diabetes/pharma issues • Open science proof of concept

10.

11.

12. Progress • Two genetic constructs • Good growth in bacteria (E. coli) • Expression of proinsulin, fluorescent marker

13. To do • Turn into human insulin (digest) • Purify and validate with HPLC • Followup? – Legal – Safety – Scaling up

14.

15.

16. Lessons • Communication • Recruitment • Uncharted terrain: international collaboration

17. International • Sydney • Started in early 2017

18. Belgian Chapter • Repeat experiments? • Find new approach? • Help in other ways

19. Supporters Lab infrastructure

20. Supporters Communication

21. Supporters Digital platform

22. Today • We start • Make plans – Research – Recruiting/funding

23. Questions/Discussion

Open insulin 28032017

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