2019 Design & Communication Graphics (D.C.G.) Revision Notes covering the majority of the DCG syllabus through relevant exam solutions. Feel free to use these notes for study purposes only. Encrypted video links will not work through this platform but the notes should be clear enough to assist you in your understanding and comprehension of DCG learning areas. Best of luck to all students doing Irish Leaving Certificate exams this June (2018).
1. LEAVING CERTIFICATE
DESIGN & COMMUNICATION GRAPHICS
HIGHER LEVEL REVISION PACKAGE 2019
PRODUCED BY JOE
TEACHER AT THE PATRICIAN SECONDARY SCHOOL NEWBRIDGE CO. KILDARE
EMAIL: info@lio.ie
H E L P . L E A D . I N S P I R E
2. CONTENTS
EXAM GUIDANCE
• SHORT QUESTIONS (EXAM SECTION A)
– YEARS 2009-2018
• CORE GEOMETRY (EXAM SECTION B)
– AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
– INTERPENETRATION
– CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY
– OBLIQUE PLANES
– CONIC SECTIONS
– PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION
• APPLIED GRAPHICS (EXAM SECTION C)
– GEOLOGIC GEOMETRY
– STRUCTURAL FORMS
– SURFACE GEOMETRY
4. EXAM FORMAT:
EXAM DURATION
HIGHER LEVEL = 3 HOURS
ORDINARY LEVEL = 3 HOURS
EXAM PAPER STRUCTURE
THREE SECTIONS IN EXAM PAPER
SECTION A = MIXED TOPIC SHORT QUESTIONS
FOUR SHORT QUESTIONS (ANSWER ANY THREE)
SECTION B = CORE GEOMETRY
THREE LONG QUESTIONS (ANSWER ANY TWO)
SECTION C = APPLIED GRAPHIC
FIVE LONG QUESTIONS (ANSWER ANY TWO)
EXAM GUIDANCE
5. 5-STEP EXAM STRATEGY
Key tip: when studying, get into the habit of doing questions relative to the
timing suggested. When in the exam, have time ques or be vigilant of time during
the exam to remind you to progress from one question to another.
6. ADDITIONAL ADVICE
The exam paper will look different because all of the questions are new and
previously unseen. Take a minute to relax and then confirm to yourself that
you are refined in the methods /understanding to answering such questions.
Remember that year on year the face of the questions may change but the
detail is the same, the methods are consistent and there is a logical
sequence to be followed in all cases.
Upon review of exam paper, mark the questions you feel most confident about
doing
Do section ‘A’ first and begin with whatever question you feel you can
answer best
Move onto section ‘B’ and again begin with your strongest question
Move onto section ‘C’ and once more begin with your strongest question
In all cases, remember to double check what the question is asking you. It
is not uncommon to presume something or overlook something. Be diligent
here.
If all else fails just have a go. Do what you can and remember an auxiliary
view here or there will do no harm
If you have time at the end, spend it by reviewing the work you have done
or tidying up/finishing incomplete questions
Do not leave the exam hall without having attempted the required amount of
questions to the best of your ability.
EXAM ADVICE
7. EXAM QUESTION TRENDS
A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3
2009 CONIC PERSPECTIVE AXONOMETRIC SOLIDS IN CONTACT OBLIQUE CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY INTERPENETRATION STANDARD, RISING ETC.
HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID
AND HYPERBOLOID OF
REVOLUTION
CONICAL SURFACE
DEVELOPMENT WITH CONIC
FOCAL SPHERE ETC.
2010 SKEW LINES AXONOMETRIC CONIC OBLIQUE PERSPECTIVE OBLIQUE CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY STANDARD, RISING ETC. HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID
OVEN HOOD STRUCTURE WITH
CYLINDRICAL SURFACE
DEVELOPMENT
2011 AUXILIARY CONIC SKEW LINES SOLIDS IN CONTACT INTERPENETRATION AXONOMETRIC DIMETRIC CONIC STANDARD, FALLING ETC. HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID ROOF STRUCTURE - USUAL
2012 AXONOMETRIC AUXILIARY ROTATION PERSPECTIVE CONIC INTERPENETRATION CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY STANDARD, FALLING ETC.
HYPERBOLOID OF
REVOLUTION
ROOF STRUCTURE - USUAL
2013 ORTHOGRAPHIC SOLIDS IN CONTACT INTERPENETRATION SKEW LINES OBLIQUE AXONOMETRIC DIMETRIC PERSPECTIVE AND SKEW LINES STANDARD, FALLING ETC.
SHELL TRANSLATION
STRUCTURE
DIAMOND SURFACE
STRUCTURE, USUAL
2014 ORTHOGRAPHIC OBLIQUE PLANE CONIC PERSPECTIVE CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY AXONOMETRIC TRIMETRIC AUXILIARY STANDARD, RISING ETC.
SHELL TRANSLATION
STRUCTURE
ROOF STRUCTURE - USUAL
2015
OBLIQUE
PLANES/ORTHOGRAPHIC
CONIC
CO-ORDINATE
GEOMETRY/OBLIQUE PLANES
SKEW LINES AUXILIARY/CONIC
AXONOMETRIC/
INTERPENETRATION
PERSPECTIVE
STANDARD, ROAD RISING,
THICKNESS OF STRATUMAND
VERTICAL PROFILING
HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID
WITH AUXILIARY AND SKEW
LINES
ROOF STRUCTURE - USUAL
2016 DEVELOPMENT OBLIQUE PLANE CONIC HYPERBOLA ORTHOGRAPHIC/AUXILIARY CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY CONIC OBLIQUE ORTHO-INTERPENETRATION STANDARD
HYPERBOLOID OF
REVOLUTION
TRANSITION PIECE
DEVELOPMENT
2017 AXONOMETRIC CONIC
OBLIQUE
PLANES/ORTHOGRAPHIC/
SURFACE GEOMETRY
ORTHOGRAPHIC/AUXILIARY CONIC CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY PERSPECTIVE STANDARD
SHELL TRANSLATION
STRUCTURE
ROOF STRUCTURE - USUAL
2018 AXONOMETRIC CONIC SKEW LINES AUXILIARY/DIHEDRAL ANGLE PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENTS CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY STANDARD HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID ANGULAR STRUCTURE
2019? PERSPECTIVE ORTHOGRAPHIC/AUXILIARY OBLIQUE PLANES INTERPENETRATION CONIC AXONOMETRIC
INTERPENETRATION/OBLIQU
E PROJECTION
STANDARD
HYPERBOLOID OF
REVOLUTION
TRANSITION PIECE
DEVELOPMENT - ANGULAR
& CURVED
2018 LEAVING CERTIFICATE: DESIGN & COMMUNICATION GRAPHICS - PREDICTOR MODEL
SECTION A SECTION B SECTION C
JUST A GUESS!
47. CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY – TRIANGULAR LAMINAE
X Y
A
B
C
A B
C
ELEVATION
PLAN
CUTTING PLANE LEVEL LINE
H
A B C
1
1
X
Y
B
A
C
CUTTING PLANE LEVEL LINE
1
THE TRUE INCLINATION/ANGLE/EDGE-VIEW OF A GIVEN SURFACE
BY CUTTING PLANE
48. CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY – TRIANGULAR LAMINAE
THE TRUE INCLINATION/ANGLE/EDGE-VIEW OF A GIVEN SURFACE & TRUE SHAPE
BY CUTTING PLANE & ROTATION
X
Y
B1
A1
X Y
A
B
C
A B
C
ELEVATION
PLAN
CUTTING PLANE LEVEL LINE
H
A B C
EDGE VIEW OF PLANE
TRUE INCLINATION/ANGLE
1
1
B
A
C
CUTTING PLANE LEVEL LINE
1
A1
B1
TRUE SHAPE OF PLANE ABC
ROTATE FROM POINTS A & B
FROM POINT C ONTO THE
HORIZONTAL PLANE COMING
FROM POINT C
49. CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY – TRIANGULAR LAMINAE
X
Y
B1
A1
X Y
A
B
C
A B
C
ELEVATION
PLAN
CUTTING PLANE LEVEL LINEH
A B C
EDGE VIEW OF PLANE
TRUE INCLINATION/ANGLE
1
1
B
A
C
CUTTING PLANE LEVEL LINE
1
X2Y2 PARALLEL TO EDGE-
VIEW OF ABC.
IN THIS VIEW TAKE
MEASUREMENTS FROM X1Y1
BACK INTO PLAN VIEW
C
B
A TRUE SHAPE OF PLANE ABC
THE TRUE INCLINATION/ANGLE/EDGE-VIEW OF A GIVEN SURFACE & TRUE SHAPE
BY CUTTING PLANE & AUXILIARY
50. CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY – TRIANGULAR LAMINAE
FINDING THE TRACES VTH OF A AN OBLIQUE PLANE GIVEN TRIANGULAR LAMINAE
X
YV
T
H
OBLIQUE PLANE
VTH
X Y
A
B
C
A
B
C
ELEVATION
PLAN
V
T
H
B
A
C
OBLIQUE PLANE
VTH
EXTEND LINE AB TO
HIT XY LINE
EXTEND LINE AC TO
HIT XY LINE
EXTEND LINE AB TO MEET
LINE COMING DOWN
EXTEND LINE AC TO MEET
LINE COMING DOWN
51. CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY – TRIANGULAR LAMINAE
FINDING THE TRUE SHAPE OF TRIANGULAR LAMINA ABC BY RABATMENT OF THE OBLIQUE PLANE VTH
X Y
A
B
C
A
B
C
ELEVATION
PLAN
R
R = POINT OF
ROTATION FOR
RABATMANT OF
OBLIQUE PLANE
VTH
V
T
H
X
Y
V
T
H
V
A
B
C
C
A
B
TRUE SHAPE ABC
ON RABATTED
PLANE VTH
A
B
C
53. A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
E
B
D
E
F
B
D
E
B
D
A
BC
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
Q
Q
R
R
‘AB’ LINE OF INTERSECTION
‘AB’ LINE OF INTERSECTION
‘AB’ LINE OF INTERSECTION
TRUE LENGTH
DIHEDRAL ANGLE ‘ABC’ & ‘ABD’
θ
INCLINATION OF ‘BDE’ TO HP
USING LEVEL LINE METHOD
A GIVEN DIHEDRAL ANGLE
‘REVERSE ENGINEERING’
COMBINING ELEVATION HEIGHTS
BY AUXILIARY VIEW &
APPLY HERE
TAKE DISTANCE ‘Q’ AND
PART C
PART D
PART A
PART B
θ
F
F
CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY – COMMON LINE
55. X Y
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
D
E
F
D
E
FD
E
F
D
E
F
DIHEDRAL ANGLE
X2Y2 PERPENDICULAR TO TL OF LOI
MEASUREMENTS TAKEN FROM X1Y1 BACK TO
POINTS IN PLAN VIEW
X1Y1 PARALLEL TO LOI IN
PLAN VIEW
MEASUREMENTS TAKEN
FROM XY TO POINTS IN
ELEVATION
CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY – NO COMMON LINE OR POINT
58. DATUM LINE
IN THIS CASE, USED TO
SHORTEN THE DISTANCES
TAKEN FOR POINTS IN THE
SECOND AUXILIARY VIEW
X2Y2
A
B
C
D
E
F
H
θX1
Y1
X2
Y2
X1
Y1
X Y
V
T
H
A
B
C
D
A B
C
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
PART A
PART B
PART C
PART D
H
ALSO FOR POINT E
CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY
140. X
VERTICAL
PLANE (VP)
VIEW = FRONT ELEVATION
HORIZONTAL
PLANE (HP)
VIEW = PLAN
Y
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION:
UNDERSTANDING PLANES
AUXILIARY
VERTICAL PLANE (VP)
VIEW = END ELEVATION
Z
VERTICAL
PLANE (VP)
HORIZONTAL
PLANE (HP)
AUXILIARY
VERTICAL
PLANE (VP)
X Y
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
1. KNOW AND UNDERSTAND VERTICAL,
HORIZONTAL AND AUXILIARY VERTICAL
PLANES
2. KNOW HOW TO POSITION AND SET UP
FOR ORTHOGRAPHIC
3. DEVELOP NECESSARY VISUAL SKILSS
TO ACCOMMODATE UNDERSTANDING
OF DIFFERENT ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS
4. KNOW HOW TO DRAW AN ELEVATION,
PLAN AND END VIEW USING FIRST
ANGLE PROJECTION
5. APPLICATION OF SUITABLE
DRAUGHTING SKILLS, FOR EXAMPLE
CONSTRUCTION LINES AND DEFINED
LINES
6. APPLICATION OF APPROPRIATE
DIMENSIONS
7. COMPLETION OF VIEWS USING
ANNOTATION
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
141. AUXILIARY ELEVATION
VIEWING DIRECTION = 30°
H1
H2
H3
X Y
1
2
3
4
10
5
6
7
8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
14, 2
13, 1 16, 5
15, 6
9, 8
10, 7
12, 4
11, 3
13, 14 16, 15
1, 2
5, 6
9, 10
12, 11
8, 7
4, 3
A
Larry the
Lego Man
149. pc
pc pc
pc
pc
SOLIDS IN CONTACT
FIND SPHERE IN POSITION ‘C’ WITH R=20 TO TOUCH CONE ‘A’ AND CYLINDER ‘B’.
R=35 R=25
110
90A
A
B
B
C
SOLIDS IN CONTACT