Presented by Matthias Arnold, at the Annual Conference of the Visual Resources Association, March 12-15, 2014 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Session 9, Case Studies in International Copyright Compliance: Untangling the Web of Publishing and Sharing Copyrighted Content Online ORGANIZERS: Cara Hirsch, Artstor Allan Kohl, Minneapolis College of Art and Design (on behalf of the VRA Intellectual Property Rights Committee) Vicky Brown, University of Oxford (on behalf of the VRA International Task Force) MODERATOR: Allan Kohl, Minneapolis College of Art and Design Vicky Brown, University of Oxford PRESENTERS: • Matthias Arnold, University of Heidelberg (Germany) • Vicky Brown, University of Oxford (United Kingdom) • Marta Bustillo, National College of Art and Design, Dublin (Ireland) • Lavinia Ciuffa, American Academy in Rome (Italy) • Marika Sarvilahti, Aalto University, Helsinki (Finland) Teachers, students and scholars have long been able to rely on fair use in making content available for teaching, research and study within the United States. However, such protections don’t exist outside the United States. This session explores the various ways that visual resource professionals have addressed copyright compliance issues when making images available for educational and scholarly purposes outside of the United States. Using various case studies, the session will address the sharing of image resources between and among different institutions, determining when and how images can be made available to the general public, creating image-based research collaborations across national boundaries, and the international aspects of publishing with images.

1. International Copyright Compliance
Use cases from a German Research Institution
Matthias Arnold, Heidelberg | March 14, 2014

2. The Cluster of Excellence
"Asia and Europe in a Global Context: The Dynamics of Transculturality“
To “enhance the understanding of the multi-layered interactions between and
within Asia and Europe”
Ca. 60 projects organized in 17 interdisciplinary research groups and 4 research
areas
5 new professorships
Graduate School, M.A. Transcultural Studies
DH unit “Heidelberg Research Architecture” (HRA)
The Karl-Jaspers Centre for Advanced Transcultural Studies, Heidelberg
Photo M. Arnold 2010
(Some) Research fields:
Anthropology, Archaeology, Art History, Buddhist
Studies, Chinese Studies, Egyptology, Historical
Studies, Indology, Islam Studies, Japanese Studies, Law
Studies, Media and Communication Studies,
Musicology, Public Health, Political Sciences, Religious
Studies, Social Sciences, Tibetan Studies, and more
Languages: English, German
Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hindi, Bengali, Sanskrit,
Russian, etc.

3. Research collections
New research area: Transcultural Studies
Digitisation of research material (often access restricted, e.g. if related
to Ph.D. studies)
http://abou-naddara.uni-hd.de
(open access, not annotated)

4. Digital collections
“Classical” image database, hosted by University Library
Copyrighted material, access restricted to members of the university

5. Digital collections
Professorships Visual and Media Anthropology and Global Art History
Reproductions and fieldwork photographs

6. Digital collections
Slide collection of Prof. Sontheimer’s field research (1958-92)
Slide collection - Institute of East Asian Art History

7. Images in German copyright law
• “Photo works (Lichtbildwerk)“ – higher level of creativity, artistic
image, also includes individual amateur photographs
-> individuality matters (motif, perspective, light/shadow)
• protection: 70 years post mortem auctoris
• „Photos (Lichtbild)“ – e.g. shopping catalog images, x-ray or
aerial photographs
• protection: 50 years after creation/publication
• Unprotected images – e.g. reproductions of 2D originals
Many restrictions, e.g.:
• Image quotation (unaltered, citation of source)
• Access for research & education (clearly defined group)
• Electronic reading places – Libraries, Museums, Archives

8. Copyright collective
Since the 1965 new copyright law creators may receive royalties from
• reproductions; resale; online publishing; library use; intranet use in schools
or universities; photocopying; use at electronic reading places, in reading
circles, or in press reviews
Organisation through collecting society “VG Bild-Kunst” (since 1968)
• administers different rights and royalty claims for its members

9. Special platform for Art History
2001: prometheus – distributed digital image archive
Central access to digital images for research & education
Non-profit association
Connects 78 databases
16 open access
> 1.1 million images
University, archive, and
museum collections
Mostly German speaking
countries
Metadata:
Artist, title, location, date,
image source, copyright,
source database

12. prometheus
Agreement with VG Bild-Kunst:
• world wide image for non-commercial research and educational
purposes
Cooperation with Bildarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz (bpk):
• bpk-images may be freely used in non-commercial academic
publications (ed. >1000 samples) with citation
Provides copyright/ publishing information (as delivered)
Implementation of HyperImage for publishing (“MetaImage”)
Access to prometheus: campus or personal license

13. Insert -> Header/Footer -> check “Slide Number” and “Footer” with the respective line, e.g. Institute | Person | Title 13

14. Summary/Outlook
Open access to public domain material
Central access to copyrighted material