1.
UKRAINE CRISIS
Created by Rai Uzair Azhar

2.
Facts and info about Ukraine
■ Ukraine, country located in eastern Europe, the second largest on the continent after Russia. The capital is Kyiv (Kiev),
located on the Dnieper River in north-central Ukraine.
■ The Crimean Autonomous Republic - encompassing the Crimean Peninsula, or Crimea, in the south was part of
Ukraine but is now occupied by Russia.
■ Religion in Ukraine is diverse, with a majority of the population adhering to Christianity. A 2018 survey conducted by
the Razumkov Centre found that 71.7% of the population declared themselves believers.
■ Ukraine stands 4th among the most educated population.About 99.4% aged 15 can read and write.

3.
History of Ukraine And Russia
■ Russia and Ukraine were part of the USSR, what is USSR?
■ USSR stands for Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was the world's largest country formed
in 1922 with a group of 15 republics Russia, Ukraine,Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belorussia (now
Belarus), Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,Kirgiziya (now Kyrgyzstan), Latvia, Lithuania,
Moldavia(now Moldova),Tajikistan,Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
■ In 1991 the USSR was dissolved following the collapse of its communist government which
is known as 'The Fall of USSR
■ In the Soviet Union, Russia was the most powerful country followed by Ukraine if we look
at the map, we can see that Ukraine is between Russia and European Union( EU was
formed in 1993 with 27 countries(European continent).
■ In order to grow economically, EU implemented these.
1. No travel restrictions among EU countries.
2. Exports and imports can be done without any taxes.The border countries Estonia, Latvia,
Lithuania are already part of EU.The remaining are Belarus and Ukraine didn't join EU.

4.
Cause of conflict (The NATO)
■ NATO
■ NATO stands for North AtlanticTreaty Organization which was a military alliance
established by North AtlanticTreaty also calledTheWashingtonTreaty.
■ This was started to create a counterweight to sovietarmies stationed in central and eastern
Europe after world war-ll.NATO is a security alliance which was formed by 12 countries
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France,Iceland, Italy Lunembourg. Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States which was started on April 4 , 1949.
■ Currently there are 30 countries in NATO.NATO can be simply explained like this. For eg
let's take if Canada is attacked by a non-NATO country then all other NATO members
unitedly will support its member by sending their miltary forces and weapon arsenal.

5.
NATO , Russia & Ukraine

6.
Cremea importance.
■ Cremia’ black sea.
■ For Russia, the Black Sea is an entry point into the Mediterranean and a buffer between NATO
and itself. It also serves to secure Russia's economic gateway to major markets in southern
Europe..
■ The port of Sevastpool(The Port of Sevastopol is considered a key hold for maritime routes
between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara, and, therefore, the Mediterranean Sea and the
Atlantic Ocean. The port is one of the few warm deepwater ports available to Russia in the Black
Sea)

7.
Ukraine plans to join NATO were due to
following reasons.........
■ When USSR fellout in 1991 , there was an agreement made between Russia and Ukrain
that Russia will operate its naval base from Crimea , which is the borderland of Russia.
■ In 2010 , the PresidentViktor signed a deal that Russia can use Crimea for naval
operations for more 25 years and in return Ukraine will get 30 percent exemption on oil
and gas and delayed the process of Ukraine joining NATO.
■ In 2013 presidentViktor refused to sign a EU association deal which led to a series of
protest against him and officials removed him from president seat.
■ But the bordeland region like Crimea , Luhansk , Donetsk opposed this decision amd
started protest against it.

8.
Continue........
■ Russia took this advantage and send their millitary forces to Crimea and occopied it.
Later they started a refrendum knowing that most population wanted to join Russia.
■ 97percent people wanted to join Russia and in case the Crimea became part of Russia .
■ In 2013 , a new president was selected who was pro western puppet.This lead to
severe protest in other two regions i.e Luhansk and Donetsk. Ukraine sent troops to
control rebels in returm Russian send millitary help to rebels and rebels got control
over the two regions.
■ Ukraine thought that Russia will occupy two regions like they did with Crimea and they
cant face the war so they tried to join NATO.

9.
Continue........
■ Russia declared independence to the two regions and declared war with Ukraine.
■ According to Ukraine POV they cant face the war alone so they wanted to join NATO.
■ According to Russian POV they cant allow anyone to be a threat to their borderland.
■ According to current president of UkraineVelodymyr Zalensky the country is no longer
insisting on joining NATO.

10.
Russian Ukraine Conflict Effects.....
■ Oil and natural gases prices went high.
■ Gone up over 20% .
■ Stock markets suffered with huge losses
■ Freight (Cargo delievery) rates went very high.
■ High impact on wheat and corn exports to middle eastern and african continents
■ According to the report 2187 Ukrainian civilians have been killed Between 5000 and
6000 Russian soldiers were kiled.
■ Many medical students careers are in uncertainty.

11.
Sanctions on Russia by EU
members.............
■ Visa bans from entering EU countires.
■ Freeze their assets.
■ Oil companies.
■ Banking system in danger.
■ Weapons supplies sanctions.
■ Energy companies.
■ Frzozen of exporting high tech goods and credit flows to Russia.

12.
Effect of Sanctions on Russia....
■ Western sanctions had a mixed effect on Russain economy hitting the financial and
energy sector the hardest.
■ One view that sanctions can hurt both Russia and EU.(Because Russia is the 3rd largest
trading partner of EU , and EU is the biggest trading partner of Russia.
■ However some big economics sectors are generally uneffected by sanctioms such as
RussiansOil and Gas supply because they are of great strategic importance to Russian
partners in west.