2. 2
1972 Convention 2003 Convention
Focus Conservation of natural
and cultural heritage
properties
Safeguarding of intangible
cultural heritage elements
Nature Cultural and/or natural Cultural and/or social
Link to
Development
Heritage as fundamental
to sustainable
development
Cultural heritage as a
mainspring of cultural diversity,
an important vector for
sustainable development
Major
Stakeholders
Enhanced role of
communities (strategic
objectives 5Cs)
Communities and individuals
maintaining living intangible
heritage
Similarities in
domains…
Cultural landscapes Cultural spaces
Differences & similarities
3. 3
World Heritage
• World Heritage
List
• List of WH Sites in Danger
• WH Committee identifies sites in
serious danger
• To encourage corrective action
Intangible Cultural Heritage
• Representative List
• Register of Best Safeguarding
Practices
• Urgent Safeguarding
• Identified and nominated by State
Parties
• To mobilize assistance
Mechanisms
4. 4
World Heritage
• Outstanding Universal Value
(OUV) decided by authorities and
experts in consultation with
stakeholders
• Comparison of value between
sites; site must fill a gap on the
World Heritage List as best
exemplar or representative within
its geo-cultural region/globally
Intangible Cultural Heritage
• Significance to communities,
and decided by communities
• No comparison of value among
ICH elements
• ICH changes over time
Core concepts
5. 5
World Heritage
• Integrity: wholeness and
intactness of site, no impact on
OUV from development/neglect
• Authenticity to be protected: OUV
is truthfully and credibly expressed
through form and design, materials
and substance, spirit and feeling,
etc.
• Evolution from the Venice Charter
(1964) to the Nara Document on
Authenticity (1994)
Intangible Cultural Heritage
• ICH can evolve but should not be
divorced from its social context.
• Viability to be safeguarded:
keeping the transmission and
healthy changes of the practices
to next generations >> continued
practice / “Living Heritage”
Core Concepts
6. 6
In some cases, Intangible Heritage is
one of the contributing factors
that determines the
Outstanding Universal Value
of the World Heritage site.
Criterion (vi):
be directly or tangibly associated with events or living
traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and
literary works of outstanding universal significance
e.g. Hiroshima Peace Memorial, Auschwitz Birkenau…
6