There are three classifications of joints: fixed/immovable joints, slightly movable joints, and freely movable or synovial joints. The main synovial joints are ball and socket, hinge, and pivot joints. Ball and socket joints allow movement in all directions at the shoulder and hip. Hinge joints only allow movement in two directions, like the knee and elbow. Pivot joints only allow rotation, found at the top of vertebrae in the neck. Each joint type facilitates different movements and can be identified by their structure and motion.
Knee joint anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and assessmentRadhika Chintamani
the knee complex complete anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and its physical assessment in one single slideshow.a brief table given for easy understanding of what special test to be performed in which condition along with evidences of each special test.
small correction in slide number: 10
during flexion of tibia over femur in OKC; tibia glides and rolls posteriorly
during extension of tibia over femur in OKC: tibia glides and rolls anteriorly
Knee joint anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and assessmentRadhika Chintamani
the knee complex complete anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and its physical assessment in one single slideshow.a brief table given for easy understanding of what special test to be performed in which condition along with evidences of each special test.
small correction in slide number: 10
during flexion of tibia over femur in OKC; tibia glides and rolls posteriorly
during extension of tibia over femur in OKC: tibia glides and rolls anteriorly
Effects of exercise on skeletal and muscular systemSandeepGautam72
In is you can see about--
The Effects of Exercise on the Skeletal System-
Improve Bone Density
Range of Movement in the Joints-
Range of Movement in the Joints-
Short term effects of exercise on skeletal system
Short term effects of exercise on skeletal system
And also
Effect of exercise on muscular system-
Short-Term Effects
Long-Term Effects
Effects of exercise on skeletal and muscular systemSandeepGautam72
In is you can see about--
The Effects of Exercise on the Skeletal System-
Improve Bone Density
Range of Movement in the Joints-
Range of Movement in the Joints-
Short term effects of exercise on skeletal system
Short term effects of exercise on skeletal system
And also
Effect of exercise on muscular system-
Short-Term Effects
Long-Term Effects
Post anesthesia care unit or , High Dependency unit is part of hospital for Post surgery/procedures recovery.Nursing, anesthesiologist, surgeons, hospital administration need to know about ideal conditions.
Drug & substance abuse Marijuana, Cocaine, Heroine, alcohol and prescription...OrnellaRN
Risk Factors, Effects on the brain,Symptoms, Warning signs and treatment.
Drugs and substances such as marijuana, cocaine and heroine are not the only substances that can be abused. Alcohol, prescription drugs and over-the-counter medications, inhalant and solvents, sedatives, coffee and cigarettes.
Kinesiology is the study of human and nonhuman animal-body movements, performance, and function by applying the sciences of biomechanics, anatomy, physiology, psychology, and neuroscience.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
3. Allow movement
Attach muscles
Allow muscular contraction to cause movement.
4. There are 3 classifications of
joints:
Fixed or immoveable
joints eg cranium
Slightly moveable joints
eg vertebrae
Freely moveable or
‘synovial joints’ eg knee,
elbow, shoulder
5. There are 3 classifications.
They are classified by their structure and the way
they allow movement:
1) Ball and socket joint
2) Hinge joint
3) Pivot joint
6. The most moveable joints in the body. Allow
movement in all directions e.g. the shoulder and
the hip.
7. Work like a hinge on a door and can bend to allow
movement in two directions only eg the knee, the
elbow.
8. Only allows rotation and is found at the top of the
vertebrae (your neck)
9. Ball and Socket
Lifting front leg to clear a hurdle.
Doing straddle jump.
Butterfly arm movement.
Front crawl.
Back kick in karate.
Bowling action in cricket.
10. Hinge
Legs bending during a squat.
As you kick a football.
Bending arm when doing bicep curls.
11. Pivot
In netball turning head to look for ball.
Turning head to look for the ball when batting in
rounders.
12. 1)Extension. Straightening or extending a limb (the
angle of the joint increases) eg the arm extending
at the elbow and moving to 180 degrees.
2)Flexion. Bending or flexing a limb (the angle of
the joint decreases) eg flexing the elbow and
moving the angle to 90 degrees.
13. 1)Abduction. Moving a limb away from the centre
line of the body (an alien would ‘take somebody
away’ when they abduct a person) eg the arm can
be moved away from the centre line of the body at
the shoulder.
2)Adduction. Moving a limb towards the centre line
of the body (you are ‘adding’ the limb to the body)
eg arm moved towards centre line of body at the
shoulder.
14. Rotation. This is a turning or rotational movement
of a limb or body part eg the arms can rotate at
the shoulder.
15. Now for a quiz!
1. The synovial hip joint is an example of a:
hinge joint
pivot joint
ball and socket joint
2. Synovial fluid:
strengthens the joint
lubricates the joint
aids tendons
3. Which movement allows only extension and flexion?
Hinge
Ball and socket
Pivot
16. 4. Which is not a freely moveable joint?
Ball and socket
Cranium
Pivot
5. Write down the three functions of a joint
6. Where would you find a slightly moveable joint?
Vertebrae
Knee
Ankle
17. Ball and socket joint
Extension, flexion, abduction, adduction, rotation.
Hinge joint
Extension, flexion.
Pivot joint
Rotation
18. ANSWERS
1. Ball and socket joint
2. Lubricates the joint
3. Hinge joint
4. Cranium
5. Allows movement, attaches muscle and allows muscular
contraction to cause movement
6. Vertebrae
A joint is a structure in the human body, that links two parts of the skeleton together. Joints are made up of bone, cartilage, ligaments and tendons.
Joints hold the skeleton together and support movement. The joints have different functions, one to provide a range of movement, moving left and right and rotation for example. The second, is structure as it enables to bones to join together and thirdly attaching our muscles to our bones. Without the joints in our body, the change in position would not be able to take place.
The three types of joints in the skeletal system are fixed or immovable joints, partially moveable and freely moveable joints. The immoveable joint is held together by fibrous connective tissue rather than ligaments and tendons. The partially moveable joint has limited movement and occurs when the connection between the articulating bones is made up of cartilage, for example the vertebrae.
The word synovial means the joint is moveable. Synovial joints are lubricated with synovial fluid which provides the cartilage surrounding the bone to form a slippery surface for free movement.
The ball and socket joint provides swinging and rotating movements. This synovial joint has the biggest amount of freedom for movement. The shoulder and hip joints are the only ball and socket joints in the human body.
The hinge joints are formed between two bones and can only move along one axis, either extending or flexing. The hinge joints in the body are the ankle, elbow and knee.
A pivot joint, also called a rotary joint, only allows rotary movement around a single axis. The pivotal joint is located in the vertebrae directly under the cranium, which allows for turning of the head left and right.
Here is a list of sport examples of when a ball and socket joint is used. For example, butterly or front crawl movement, as the shoulder rotates to provide momentum to push through the water.
As stated previously, a hinge joint is used during many sporting activities, as well as day to day. In order for us to walk, our knees bend like a hinge to produce movement. A sporting example listed above is kicking a ball in football, or bending the arm when performing a bicep curl.
As discussed earlier, the pivot joint is in the vertebrae, allowing the tuning of left and right of the head. Sporting examples, include turning to our team mates when passing or receiving the ball in netball.
The first movement that can be performed from a synovial joint is extension, this is straightening or extending the limb. Flexion is bending the limb.
Abduction is moving the limb away from the body, adduction is moving the limb back towards the body. Look at the picture to understand the movement.
This type of movement is conducted from a ball and socket joint. The movement is a circular rotation, such as bringing your arms above your head.
Above are the movements and their joints. This gives us specific information about which movements come from which joints.
I hope you have found this presentation useful for your revision, thank you.