This webinar will explore: -The parameters needed for an explosion or fire to occur -Identifying "Lower Explosive Limit" -Measuring oxygen concentration using Thermoparamagnetic Oxygen sensors -Application considerations and case studies

1. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval. © 2017 Baker Hughes, a GE company, LLC - All rights reserved.
Oxygen Measurement for Inerting

2. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
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Inerting Chemical/Fuel Storage
To prevent the potential for a fire or explosion, the
head space of chemical and fuel storage tanks are
purged with an inert gas to assure that the O2
concentration is low enough. Typically 4-8% by
volume.
Ambient air contains 21% O2

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Paramagnetism
One of the properties of oxygen is that it is
“paramagnetic” or attracted to a magnetic field.
The picture at the left shows liquid Oxygen
suspended in a magnetic field.
As Oxygen warms up it loses some of the
attraction to the magnetic field

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Thermoparamagnetic Sensor
Oxygen’s paramagnetic property causes it to be attracted to a
magnetic field. Heating the gas cases less attraction of Oxygen to
the magnetic field.
The sensor has two pairs of heated thermistors. Gas movement
causes “magnetic wind” which cools the wind generating
thermistor.
The resistance of the thermistors are proportional their
temperature. A bridge circuit provides a voltage proportional to
the oxygen concentration
W1, W2 = WIND GENERATING THERMISTORS
R1, R2 = WIND RECEIVING THERMISTORS
RZ
W2
W1
R2
R1
VO2
Vcomp
W1, W2 = WIND GENERATING THERMISTORS
R1, R2 = WIND RECEIVING THERMISTORS
RZ
W2
W1
R2
R1
VO2
Vcomp

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XMO2 Transmitter
4-wire 4-20mA Transmitter, 24 VDC, 1.2A
RS-232/USB serial interface
Panaview/IDM PC interface/software
±1% of span
±2% of span for 0 to 1% range
±0.2% O2 for 90 to 100% and 80 to 100% ranges
Explosion Proof: FM & ATEX certified
Rack Mount Analyzer available

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Inerting of Storage Tanks
Reactor Feed Gases
& Catalyst Recovery
Landfill or Bio Gas
Wastewater & Sewage
Oxygen Purity
Solvent Recovery
Olefins
(Ethylene)
Refineries
Flare Gas & Vents
Ozone
Production
XMO2 Applications
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The consumption of inert gas is costly. Savings can be
realized by purging “on demand” when the Oxygen level
exceeds a predetermined set point
• Vacuum pump
• Solenoid for N2 purge
• Needle Valve
• Pressure gage
• Rotameters
• Liquid trap
• Filter
• Zero and Span calibration gas inlets
• Cabinet Heating/Cooling
Sampling System For Inerting

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XMO2 Field Calibration
Zero & Span calibration may be performed by internal “push buttons”,
the optional TMO2 meter or Panaview/IDM software (RS232)
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Shipboard inert blanketing gas is produced by combusting fuel. The combustion gas is cooled below the
dew point to condense water. The dry clean gas is used to “inert” crude oil.
Oxygen Measurement for Tanker Inerting
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Plastic Resin Production
The oxygen concentration must be
limited in reactor vessels for the
production of plastic resins.
Typically 4-8%.
Turnkey sample systems were provided.
XP solenoid valves automate the
calibration by purging the XMO2
transmitter with the zero and span gas.

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Oxygen Measurement in Vapor Recovery Systems
To comply with environmental
regulations whenever a tank (barge
or ship) is loaded vapor recovery
units are used.
The XMO2 monitors the vapor to
insure that the Oxygen concentration
does not exceed the combustion
threshold.
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Oxygen Analyzers for Floating Platform
Kaombo Project - Angola
The project required stainless
steel transmitters and a
customized sample conditioning
systems to meet the
requirements for operation in a
“marine environment”.

13. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Production of TPA
Terephthalic acid is a commodity
chemical, used principally as a
precursor to PET.
PET to make clothing and plastic
bottles. Several million tons are
produced annually
Oxygen is monitored and controlled
in reactor vessels

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Oxy.IQ
Pb + O2 PbO2
• Sealed sensor contains electrolyte
• Compact 4-20mA Loop Powered Transmitter
• Easy to replace fuel cell sensor
• Sensors for % O2 and ppm O2
• Intrinsically Safe (Div 2 standard & Div 1 with IS Barrier)
• Calibrate to ambient air (21% O2) or span gas
Galvanic Fuel Cell Electrochemical Oxygen Sensor

15. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Ambient Air Monitor/Ingress Glove Boxes
Metal Processing, Heat Treating & AnnealingWelding – Shield Gas
OXY.IQ Applications
Food & Pharma Processing

16. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
OXY.IQ Sample Conditioning Systems
• Assembled on plate or in enclosure
(fiberglass or stainless steel)
• Pressure Regulator
• Pressure Gauge
• Needle valves for flow control
• Rotameter for flow indication
• Filter
• Power Supply
• Vacuum Pump
• Customized per the application

17. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Arc welding is process that utilizes electricity to
produce the weld.
A constant-current welding power supply produces
electrical energy, which is conducted across the arc
through a column of highly ionized gas and metal
vapors known as a plasma
The weld area is protected from atmospheric
contamination by an inert shielding gas (Nitrogen,
Argon or Helium). The “shield gas “ must be devoid of
oxygen and water vapor
Arc Welding
• TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas)
• MIG (Metal Inert Gas)
• MAG (Metal Active Gas)

18. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Soft Contact Lens Production
For the production of soft contact lenses the
Oxygen concentration must be controlled.
The manufacturing plant is under FDA
regulations = strict quality control.

19. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Packaging of Coffee
Coffee is packaged under “Nitrogen Blanket” to
keep the coffee fresh.
An Oxygen sensor was needed to monitor the
process and connect into a control system to
provide N2 “purge on demand”.

20. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
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PROCESS
CONDITIONS
Units
Component 4
Units
Measurement Range Min/Nom/Max Units
Process Pressure Min/Nom/Max
Process Temperature Min/Nom/Max
Available Flow Rate
Sample Return Pressure Min/Nom/Max Units
Power available
Alarm contacts
Units Length:
Utilities available (Select all that apply)
Display Housing Requirement
Units
Location Environmental
Hazardous Area Classification
Power available
SENSOR /
TRANSMITTER
INSTALLATION
Location Environmental
Utilities available (Select all that apply)
Sample System Enclosure Requirement
Ambient Temperature Min/Nom/Max Units
Oxygen / Thermal Conductivity
Application Data Sheet
Highlighed Row = Mandatory Field (Rev 1.3)
EmailPhone
GENERAL
INFORMATION
Units
Component 5
Company Name
Contact Name
Address
Component 3
Tag number Process Name
NOTES OR SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS AND/OR INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS
DISPLAY /
CONTROLLER
INSTALLATION
Ambient Temperature Min/Nom/Max
Units
Units
Required Cable Length to Sensor/Transitter
Hazardous Area Classification
Units
Units
Process Composition (include contaminants)
Display
Units
Component to be Measured If Other:
Component 1
Component 2
Units Minimum Nominal Maximum
Considerations for Oxygen
Measurement in Inerting
• Process, electrical & environmental parameters
• Gas composition & contaminants
• Process and Ambient Temperature
• Pressure
• Electrical
• Display (Local)
• Signal (4-20mA) or Digital
• Alarms
• Hazardous area classification
• Utilities: Compressed air
• Sample vent
• Special Requirements
• FAT, Field Startup, Commissioning
• Training

21. Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Questions or Comments?
Email Nicole VanWert-Quinzi nvanwert@Transcat.com
Transcat: 800-800-5001
www.Transcat.com
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