This chapter discusses communications systems and procedures used in aviation fire and rescue operations. It covers airport communication systems including audible alarms, direct-line phones, radio systems, and frequencies. Proper communication procedures and terminology such as the ICAO phonetic alphabet and aviation terms are presented. The chapter also discusses the use of computers, light signals, and hand signals in airport and aircraft rescue firefighting communications.
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Chapter 05 Fire and Rescue Communications
1. Aircraft Rescue and Fire
Fighting,
5th
Edition
Chapter 5 — Fire and Rescue
Communications
2. ARFF
5–2
Chapter 5 Lesson Goal
• After completing this lesson, the student
shall be able to recall basic information
about fire and rescue communications
including systems, procedures,
terminology, and signals used in
aviation.
3. ARFF
5–3
Objectives
1. Describe basic airport
communication systems.
2. Discuss pilot/ARFF Command
communications.
3. Describe proper radio and
telephone communication
procedures.
(Continued)
4. ARFF
5–4
Objectives
4. Identify International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO)
Phonetic Alphabet designations.
5. Identify words and phrases unique
to the airport environment.
(Continued)
5. ARFF
5–5
Objectives
6. Discuss the use of computers
in airport and ARFF communications.
7. Describe light, hand, and other
signals used in aircraft accident
operations.
8. ARFF
5–8
ARFF Communications
• ATC personnel provide information
– Make and model of aircraft
– Name of air carrier
– Response category
– Emergency situation
– Number on board
– Amount of fuel
9. ARFF
5–9
NOTAM
• Information issued by airport operator
or ATC personnel
• Addresses important information
– Runways
– Taxiways
– Essential services
• Post NOTAMs
11. ARFF
5–11
Audible Alarms and Direct-line
Telephones
• Alerting ARFF
personnel in fire station
– Direct-line telephone
– Speaker system
– Bell
– Klaxon®
– Combination
(Continued)
13. ARFF
5–13
Audible Alarms and Direct-line
Telephones
• Direct-line communications systems
– Between control tower and multiple
emergency agencies
– Primary means of notification
– Test lines regularly
14. ARFF
5–14
Radio Systems
• Two-way radios — most efficient means
of communication
– One or more channels
– Multi-scanning capability
• Use clear text language or common
terminology
(Continued)
15. ARFF
5–15
Radio Systems
• Comply with FCC and AHJ
• Test systems regularly
• Do not transmit false, misleading, or
inappropriate information
• Computer-monitored systems record
and time-stamp communications
(Continued)
18. ARFF
5–18
ARFF and Radio Frequencies
• Uncontrolled airports — SOPs
established for movement
• Monitor appropriate frequencies
• Communicate with ground control
– Give specific information
– Finish with “Over”
19. ARFF
5–19
Cockpit and ARFF Command
Communications
• Use a discreet frequency
• IC
– Provide information to crew
– Advise on conditions outside of aircraft
• Crew may provide information to IC
(Continued)
20. ARFF
5–20
Cockpit and ARFF Command
Communications
• Pilot
– Should initiate communication
– Responsible for aircraft and occupants
21. ARFF
5–21
Interphone System
• Uses of interphone system
– ARFF personnel to communicate with crew
members
– Airport personnel during routine operations
22. ARFF
5–22
Radio/Telephone Guidelines
• Speak directly into microphone
• Speak distinctly, calmly, and clearly
• Pronounce each word carefully
• Use a conversational tone/moderate
speed
(Continued)
25. ARFF
5–25
ICAO Phonetic Alphabet
• A — Alpha
• B — Bravo
• C — Charlie
• D — Delta
• E — Echo
• F — Foxtrot
• G — Golf
• H — Hotel
• I — India
• J — Juliett
• K — Kilo
• L — Lima
(Continued)
26. ARFF
5–26
ICAO Phonetic Alphabet
• M — Mike
• N — November
• O — Oscar
• P — Papa
• Q — Quebec
• R — Romeo
• S — Sierra
• T — Tango
• U — Uniform
• V — Victor
• W — Whiskey
• X — X-ray
• Y — Yankee
• Z — Zulu
27. ARFF
5–27
Number Designations
• 1 — Wun
• 2 — Too
• 3 — Tree
• 4 — Fow-er
• 5 — Five
• 6 — Sicks
• 7 — Sev-en
• 8 — Ait
• 9 — Nin-er
• 0 — Zero
28. ARFF
5–28
Common Terms and Phrases
• Air Traffic
Control (ATC)
• Base leg
• Base to final
• Blind (dead)
spot
• Downwind leg
• ETA
• Final approach
• Flameout
• Fuel on board
• Gear down
• Go around
(Continued)
29. ARFF
5–29
Common Terms and Phrases
• Hold your
position
• Hung gear
• Jet blast
• Low approach
• Make a 90,
180, or 360
• Minimum fuel
• Missed approach
• Overhead
approach
• Prop or rotor wash
• Wind direction and
velocity
32. ARFF
5–32
Computers
• Computers can provide
– Data on airport layouts
– Prefire plans of buildings
– Diagrams on aircraft
– Dangerous goods information
– Ability to provide status and location
– On-screen messaging
33. ARFF
5–33
Light Signals
• Steady green light
• Steady red light
• Flashing red light
• Flashing white light
• Alternating red and
green lights
35. ARFF
5–35
Other Signals
• Back out or retreat
• Apparatus is running out of agent
• Open or close handline
• Change handline nozzle/stream pattern
• Advance with handline
• Back out with handline
36. ARFF
5–36
Summary
• Communications are vital during any
emergency. Airport firefighters must be
thoroughly trained and proficient in the
usage of the communications systems
and procedures found at their particular
airfield
(Continued)
37. ARFF
5–37
Summary
• This chapter covered NOTAMs, audible
alarms and direct-line telephones, radio
systems and aviation frequencies. It
also covered radio/telephone
guidelines, computers in ARFF, and
signals used in ARFF.
38. ARFF
5–38
Review Questions
1. Who may handle aircraft rescue
and fire fighting communications?
2. How might airport auxiliary
firefighters be notified of a situation?
3. What is the most efficient
means for communicating with
personnel during emergency scene
operations? (Continued)
39. ARFF
5–39
Review Questions
4. What is the Automated
Terminal Information Service (ATIS)?
5. How does an interphone
system work?
6. What guidelines should be
followed for proper radio/telephone
use? (Continued)
40. ARFF
5–40
Review Questions
7. Why is use of the phonetic
alphabet necessary?
8. What does the phrase ”hold
your position” mean?
(Continued)