2. 2
• One of nine grid operators
in North America
• 2/3 of the U.S. is supported by
an ISO
• One of 38 balancing authorities
in the western interconnection
The California ISO
ISO Public
3. 3
CAISO by the numbers
Serves 80% of state
30 million consumers
26,000 miles of wires
72,000 MW plants
27,000 market transactions per day
$9 billion market
ISO Public
4. 4
Western Energy Imbalance Market (EIM)
• Total savings of $213.24 million since start in Nov 2014
• 479,026 MWh curtailment avoided, displacing an
estimated 204,941 metric tons of CO2
• Integration of renewables across a larger geographical
area
• Enhances reliability with improved situational awareness
• Reduces costs through automatic economic dispatch
• Balancing authorities maintain control and reliability
responsibilities
ISO Public
5. 5
Electric industry in the midst of unprecedented change
- Driven by fast-growing mix of interrelated issues
ISO Public
Grid Modernization
Consumer-owned Power
Transmission &
Distribution Systems
Interface
Fossil Plant Retirements
Regional Collaboration
Community Choice Gas Storage Challenges
Existing 50% goal
NEW 100% goal
Supply Challenges
Fossil Plant
Revenues;
Retirements
Federal matters
Clean Power Plan 2.0?
Retail Choice
6. 6
Wind
• Unpredictable Output
• 4,990 MW Peak – May 16, 2017
• 6,087 MW Installed Capacity
Solar Thermal / Photo Voltaic
• Semi – Predictable Output
• 9,914 MW Peak – June 17, 2017
• ≈ 10,000 MW Installed Capacity
Roof Top Solar
• Semi – Predictable Output
• Behind the meter – Residential
• 5,000+ MW Estimated Capacity
Power industry transformation
Main Drivers:
California RPS
GHG reduction
Once-through-Cooled plants retirement
Goals:
Higher expectation of reliability
Higher expectation of security
Smart Grid
Situational awareness through Visualization
* Simultaneous wind and solar has exceeded 13,000MW on April 23, 2017
ISO Public
7. 7
Approximately 4,000 MW of additional transmission-connected renewables
by 2020 and an additional 10,000 to 15,000 MW by 2030
*All online resources that are not in test mode are included in the 2016 YTD amounts, including those yet to achieve full commercial operation.
**Approximate
(IOU data through 2017 and RPS Calculator data 2018-2020)
ISO Public
9. 9
Actual net-load and 3-hour ramps are approximately four years ahead of
ISO’s original estimate
Typical Spring Day
Deeper
belly
Steeper Ramps
Net Load of 8,507 MW
on May 14, 2017
Actual 3-hour ramp
of 12,960 MW on
December 18, 2016
ISO Public
10. 10
• In 2017, approx. 2.6% of potential
solar production was curtailed (1.3%
of potential renewable production)
• Spring curtailments ran as high as
1,775 MW (approx. 8.8% of energy
demand in that hour)
• Current curtailment is manageable.
As we approach 50% RPS,
curtailments will occur year round and
become much larger unless a suite of
strategies to contain curtailment are
pursued.
Opportunity 1: Manage oversupply minimize curtailment and realize
environmental goals
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000 May
Jul
Sep
Nov
Jan
Mar
May
Jul
Sep
Nov
Jan
Mar
May
Jul
Sep
Nov
Jan
Mar
May
2014 2015 2016 2017
ENERGYCURTAILMENTS(MWH)
ISO Public
11. 11
Opportunity 2: New price patterns incentivize innovation in
responsive demand and storage
Increasing real-time negative
energy price frequency indicates
over-generation risk in the middle
of the day
ISO Public
12. 12
Opportunity 3: Enhance operational performance during periods of
increased supply variability
CPS1 is NERC Control Performance Standard which is evaluated on a rolling 12-month average. Over the past few years, the rolling average has been declining as a result of some poor daily performances.
Thus, the CAISO need to take measures to enhance daily performance on days with higher variability.
ISO Public
15. 15
Aliso Canyon Driven Energy Storage Projects
2
4
1 7
Name MW IOU
1. Millikan Energy Storage 2
Southern
California Edison
2. Center Peaker(Battery Enhanced) 10
3. Grapeland Peaker (Battery Enhanced) 10
4. Mira Loma Energy Storage 20
5. Pomona Energy Storage 20
6. El Cajon 7.5 San Diego Gas &
Electric7. Escondido Energy Storage 30
Total 99.5 MW
ISO Public
16. 16
Interest in storage is accelerating
• In October 2013, the CPUC adopted an energy storage procurement framework.
– Established a target of 1,325 MW of energy storage to be procured by PG&E, SCE, and
SDG&E by 2020, with installations required no later than the end of 2024.
• In April 2014, the ISO received interconnection requests for over 2,300 MW of
energy storage in Queue Cluster 7.
– 1,342 MW of stand-alone storage (27 projects).
– 978 MW of storage combined with generation (12 projects).
– Almost half of all projects in Queue Cluster 7 are storage related.
Page 16
ISO Public
17. 17
Procurement Targets
Storage Grid Domain
(Point of Interconnection) 2014 2016 2018 2020 Total
Southern California Edison
Transmission 50 65 85 110 310
Distribution 30 40 50 65 185
Customer 10 15 25 35 85
Subtotal SCE 90 120 160 210 580
Pacific Gas and Electric
Transmission 50 65 85 110 310
Distribution 30 40 50 65 185
Customer 10 15 25 35 85
Subtotal PG&E 90 120 160 210 580
San Diego Gas & Electric
Transmission 10 15 22 33 80
Distribution 7 10 15 23 55
Customer 3 5 8 14 30
Subtotal SDG&E 20 30 45 70 165
Total - all 3 utilities 200 270 365 490 1,325
ESPs/CCAs must procure 1
percent of their annual peak load
by 2020.
ISO Public
18. 18
Sample aggregation, models, products, and services
Simplified for energy and ancillary services only Task 1
Energy
Ancillary
services
Traditional
generation
Resource
using model
Reg down
Reg up
Non-spin
Spin
Aggregation Traditional & models Products Services
DERP
Mostly
as NGR
ISO Public
19. 19
The Long Game: Unlocking the “Dividend” from California’s
investment in renewables
• California has invested $billions in renewables
• A new “dividend:” Clean, plentiful energy that can
electrify a low-carbon economy
• New consumption opportunities for consumers:
– Electric vehicle charging
– Industrial processes
– Cooking and heating
– Bulk and local energy storage
• Then…incent these sectors to provide grid balancing
services
ISO Public