2. Synthesizing
 Synthesis is defined as combining a number of
different parts or ideas to come up with a new idea or
theory
 An example of synthesis is when you read several
books and use all of the information to come up with a
thesis on the subject
 Ability to write syntheses depends on your ability to
infer relationships among sources - essays, articles,
fiction, and also no written sources, such as lectures,
interviews, observations

4. How to synthesize?
 A helpful trick for effectively synthesizing information
into your research is to ask yourself
 What am I trying to do right now?
 Define what is meant by a particular term?
 Provide evidence/support for something I just said in my
paper?
 Argue for a more abstract, philosophical point?

5. THE EXPLANATORY SYNTHESIS
 An explanatory synthesis helps readers to understand a
topic.
 Writers explain when they divide a subject into its
component parts and present them to the reader in a clear
and orderly fashion.
 Explanations may entail descriptions that re-create in
words some object, place, event, sequence of events, or
state of affairs.
 The purpose in writing an explanatory essay is not to argue
a particular point, but rather to present the facts in a
reasonably objective manner.


6. THE ARGUMENT SYNTHESIS
 The purpose of an argument synthesis is for you to
present your own point of view - supported, of course,
by relevant facts, drawn from sources, and presented
in a logical manner
 The thesis of an argumentative essay is debatable
 It makes a proposition about which reasonable people
could disagree, and any two writers working with the
same source materials could conceive of and support
other, opposite theses

7.  Synthesizing information consists of 3 parts:
 Accurately reporting information from particular
sources, using different phrases and sentences.
 Organizing that information in such a clear and
concise was that the readers can easily see the
correlation between the ideas those sources share.
 Communicating and helping the reader better
understand the sources, particularly in a greater depth.

8. Synthesizing infotmation
 Synthesizing information enables
 you to draw your own conclusions
 and generate new ideas based on
 what you learn.


9.  Synthesizing Information: Step-by-Step Instructions
for

10. Make photocopies
 Make photocopies or printouts of all of the
articles you gather, so you can write on them.
 Be sure each item has the information you need to cite
it in your final report and bibliography (author, title of
article, title of publication, pages, date) or (URL, title,
author, date of web page, date accessed).

11.  Read through each article. Highlight the main
facts, concepts, and ideas. You may need to read
some articles several times.
 From what you understand, highlight the words or
phrases that capture ideas that you think are significan
 Highlight only what you understand, what is
meaningful to you, and what you could explain or
describe to someone else
 Newspaper stories put most of the facts and ideas into
the first few paragraphs. Read beyond these for
interesting, relevant details.

12. working in a group/ working on
your own
 3. If you are working in a group, now is the time to share
what you learned with others in the group.
 Ask questions about what you don't understand from your
reading.
 Teach each other so everyone becomes an "expert" on the
topic.
 If you are working on your own, make a list of words
or topics you don't understand well enough to explain to
someone else.
 Use dictionaries or encyclopedias, or ask people to help
you understand these parts that are difficult for you.

13. Cluster".

 Start with just a few Post-Its, then add more. Don't try
to cluster all of the Post-its at once—it's
overwhelming.

6. Name the clusters.
 Think of a title that describes the cluster.

14. Review the information.
 Looking at the clusters can give you a quick visual
picture of where you have a lot of information and
have probably covered the issue, and where you have
only a little information and need to decide your next
move.
 return to your library research to find more
information on these specific topics that have emerged
from your first round of library research.

15. Conclusion
 Conclusion of this process.
 · When you read the articles and highlighted them,
you were analyzing and evaluating information.
 · When you met in "expert" groups and discussed the
articles, you were evaluating and synthesizing
information.
 · When you clustered the facts and concepts on the
Post-It notes and named them, you were analyzing,
synthesizing, and organizing information.

16.  Write the story in your own words. The way you
have clustered facts and concepts, the sequence in
which you present them, your new comparisons, ideas,
and conclusions—this is all your own original
work. Be proud. But remember: you need to attribute
facts, ideas, and quotations to their original
sources. Give credit to the work that inspired you.

17.  . Practice. Research and writing are both lifelong
skills that improve with practice and feedback. The
more you do, the better skilled you become. You will
also be able to work faster and enjoy the process more
each time

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