Digital signal processing (DSP) has numerous applications in biomedical engineering. DSP is used to analyze and visualize biomedical data and in medical imaging systems like digital x-rays. Some key applications of DSP discussed in the document are in electrocardiography (ECG), hearing aids, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and blood pressure measurement. The document concludes that DSP is a crucial part of biomedical signal processing that enables changing signal forms and detection, research, and analysis in biomedical fields.
4. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A historical
trend of the
last half-
century
It was in the
1960s that
digital signal
processing
began to form.
Digital signals can
be reproduced
exactly
Digital signals can
be manipulated
easily.
Digital signal
processing is a
major branch of
engineering.
8. HEARING AID
An electronic sound amplifier.
The combination of the micro
phone, amplifier, and loudspeaker
that are built into a small, discreet,
plastic package worn behind
the ear.
11. MRI
A real-time cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)
system has been implement using digital signal processing (DSP)
technology
The system enables real-time acquisition, processing and display
of cardiac movies at moderate video rates of 20 images/sec
12. Hydrogen atom nucleus (proton) is acting as micro m
agnet.
Human body is full of proton in every organ and tissu
es but with different concentration in different structur
e. “That’s where the “M” agnetic of MRI comes from”
13. Each proton is rotating around its axis as 63,000,000 rot
ation per second
now we need to capture the emitted energy from RF coil
.
When the RF power is sent (at 63MHz), protons from who
le body respond. It is needed to select certain “slice” to im
age
14. Now the 63MHz RF pulse excites only the 63MHz slice t
hat’s the “R” esonance of MRI comes from
Remember human body is 3D, slice direction can be det
ermined by using any of three(x,y,z) gradient i:e. Axial,
Sagittal, Coronal
15. WHAT IS BLOOD PRESSURE?
Blood pressure is one of physiological variables,
Sphygmomanometer, which determines the blood pressu
re with other such as heart signals.
BP indicates the force with which blood is driven through
the heart.
It is divided into two sections
i)Systole
ii)Diastole
16. THE ACQUISITION OF A BLOOD
PRESSURE SIGNAL
A blood pressure (BP) signal contains clinically relevant
components up to about 20 Hz.
The signal is contaminated by noise at the mains frequ
ency (50Hz)
and other noise (mainly below 50 Hz) may also be present.
17.
18. EEG(Electro Encephalo Graph)
The recording of electrical signals emanated from human brain, which
can be collected from the scalp of the head is called Electroencephalo
graphy (EEG).
19. DSP BASED
ANALYTICAL METHODS
Spectral estimation
Periodogram
Maximum entropy method
AR method
ARMA method
Maximum likelihood method
21. CONCLUSION
DSP is the most important part of the biomedical signal processing.
The principle key factor of the working of these instrumentation syste
ms is the signal processing. It is the signal processing that enables t
o change one form of signal to other. As such, it can be concluded th
at the Biomedical Signal processing has been the key factor in the d
etection, research and analysis fields of the Biomedical.
