~
B-29 ~
GUNNER'S. .~~
INFORM ION
~.~ FILE ·
GENERAL. ELECTRIC

Restricted
....
•
Notice
This document contains information
affecting the National Defense of the
United States within the meaning of
the Espio~age Act, 50 U.S. C., 31 and
32, as amended. Its transmission or
the revelation of its contents in any
manner to an unauthorized person is
p.rohibited by law.
RESTRICTED

A MESSAGE
FOR YOU
This Information File is your book and is ·de-
signed to aid you in becoming better acquainted
vith the CENTRAL-STATION FIRE-CONTROL
SYSTEM on the B-29 Bomber. It will aid in qual-
ifying you to assist the C. F.• C. specialists per-
form their ground maintenance and check· duties
on the System and its armament. Furthermore, it
will enable you to determine whether the required
armament, maintenance and ordnance inspections
have been met by the personnel assigned to do
that work.
You will find check lists and procedures in the
_
text, which you may follow to assure yourself
that everythiri.g in the CENTRAL-STATION
_FIRE-CONTROL SYSTEM is in perfect operat-
ing condition before you go into combat. In addi-
tion, there are lots of tips and suggestions which
are important to your job as a gunner, so use them
and here's luck.
Know ·Your Equipment
ancl How to Use It
Remember, uThe Pilot takes the plane up, but,
the Gunner keeps it up.''

Gunner's Responsibilities

WHY YOU HAVE
C. f. C.
ON THE B-29
Until recently, airplane manufacturers have de-
signed and built airplanes according to the ideas
and designs of their engineers, adding armament
as an accessory. However, your B-29 is the out-
growth of the hard, practical combat experience
of pilots and gunners, and combines the engineer-
ing ideas of the aircraft manufacturer and Army
Engineers. This section is devoted to the features
of the armament system you are using in order
that you may fully appreciate its value, not only
to yourself, but to the rest of your crew. These
features are as follows :
GIF 1-2 RESTRICTED

VISIBILITY AND
f IRE COVERAGE
Guns and gunners are located on the B-29 so that
gunners have the maximum amount of visibility
for scanning the sky and the guns are positioned
to give the greatest amount of fire coverage.
360°
RESTRICTED GIF 1-3

INCREASED RANGE
Fire range is increased to a point where your fire
power is effective beyond the limits of most fight-
ers. This means, you can get him before he gets
you, which means you get the break.
GIF 1-4 RESTRICTED

YOUR SECOND BRAIN
With the B-29"s remotely controlled turrets and
computing system, you actually have a second
brain. The computer takes the guess-work out of
"Point of Aim" because it figures all of these
things for you:
a. Range Estimation
b. Bullet Drop
c. Gunner's Deflection
d. Target Deflection
e. Windage Correction
f. Parallax compensation of guns to sights
g. Increases range far beyond the usual 600
yards by automatically establishing the
correct lead
RESTRICTED GIF 1-S

GIF 1-6
ASSURED
FIRE POWER
The loss of a sighting sta-
tion does not necessarily
mean the loss of fire power.
A gunner in another sight-
ing statio~ can control the
lost station's turret through
the secondary control in his
RESTRICTED

• PRESSURIZED AREA
COMFORT
Your comfort 1s increased in the B-29 through
pressurization of the cabin, which means:
a. Easier breathing
b. More strength at high altitude
c. Better reflex action
d. Your ears won't bother you as much on
rapid change of altitude
e. Greater comfort and freedom of move-
ment, less clothing is necessary
f. You have more room to stretch your legs
Conventional Turret
B-29 Turret_
STREAMLINING
The aerodynamics of your bomber are improved
with Central-station Fire-control as the low sleek
turrets and Sighting Stations lessen air drag. This
results in a faster and cleaner airplane.
RESTRICTED GIF 1-7

CONCENTRATED FIRE POWER
The fire power of more than one turret may be
concentrated on a fighter from one sighting station
when attacks are concentrated in a specific sector
through the use of seco dary ntrol. When you
turret from one sighting
station, as directed b the F' e Control Officer,
hell.
GIF 1-8 RESTRICTED

BALANCE The old worry about bal-
ACCURACY
ance is lessened on the
B-29 as the airplane was
pre-designed to carry its
bomb load, fuel, protec-
tive armament, and armor·
plate in engineered posi-
tions. In this way balance
and wing loading are kept
.here they ought to be.
}
Sighting accuracy is greatly increased through the
use of the computer and because you are separated
from the jar and vibration of the guns. As you
know, noise, vibration and the weight of flexible
guns cause"gun fatigue" and lessen your efficiency.
RESTRICTED GIF 1-9

Now You Can See
What a Swell
Piece of Equipment
You Have
GIF 1-10 RESTRICTED

Primary and Secondary
Control Charts
RESTRICTED

If You Are
at This
Sight
Upper
Nose
Right
Blister
~ Left
m Blister
V
-t
~
n
-t
m
Tail
C
LOWER
REAR TURRET
LEFT BLISTER
SIGHTING STATION
RIGHT BLISTER
SIGHTING STATION
And Want Use Control
Control Switches on This
of This Turret Control Box
Upper Rear Upper System
Upper Forward Upper System
Upper Forward Upper System
Lower Forward Nose System
Lower Forward Nose System
Lower Rear Blister System
Tail Tail System
Lower Forward Nose System
Lower Rear Blister System
Tail Tail System
Tail Tail System
r.n
....
~
ti"
..
DI
=:s
a.
AND TURN SELECTOR SWITCH ~
r=
On Blister Selector On Nose Release ...
Switch Box To Switch Box To ...
c,,
..
OUT ....
a.
IN c,,
IN =:s
..
....
RIGHT OUT ....
....
RIGHT
n
DI
RIGHT
..
....
LEFT OUT
0
1:1
LEFT
c-:t
LEFT ti"
DI
...
..

Primary and Secondary Controls
TRANSFER SWITCHES
ON BLISTER SYSTEM
SWITCH BOX
NOSE GUNNERS
RELEASE SWITCHES
ON NOSE SYSTEM
SWITCH BOX

NOTE: NOSE GUNNER CAN CONTROL UPPER FOR-
WARD TURRET ALONE BY OPENING RELEASE SWITCH
- - - - PRIMARY CONTROL
RESTRICTED

RESTRICTED
Gunner's Responsiblllties

PROTECT YOUR PLANE
Your prime responsibility as a gunner 1s to
PROTECT YOUR PLANE AND FORMATION
from attacking fighters. You are on a bombing
mission, not a hunting spree. To accomplish your
mission you must defend your airplane.
OPERATION Of EQUIPMENT
The final responsibility for the operation of the
B-29's defens~ve armament is yours. Make sure
that every last detail of your equipment has been
checked by yourself !
Excuses Won't Save Your Neck
When the Fighters Close In On You.
GIF 3-2 RESTRICTED

AID IN MAINTENANCE
Now that you know that the final responsibility
is yours, get out with the Maintenance Crews and
work with them.
You can't learn too much about C. F. C. If you
work right along with the ground crews you will
be able to accomplish the same things that they do.
~-.;-:-~·
MAINTENANCE IN FLIGHT
Study your B-29 from the ~
inside. Clearing stop-
pages in flight isn't any picnic, so the more you
know about each particular piece of equipment
of the system, the better off you will be if stop-
pages occur. (A jammed gun won't keep the enemy ·
on the run.)
RESTRICTED ' GIF 3-3

OPERATION Of
OTHER STATIONS
Naturally, you want to be prepared for any emer-
gency which may arise, so it is your responsibility
to know all you can about the other gunner's
duties and stations. Know where the control
switches are located and how to operate them,
and what turrets each gunner may call upon in
Primary and Secondary control.
GIF 3-4 RESTRICTED

WORK AS A TEAM
You are a part of a combat team just like your
old football squad. In order for the team to win
you must do your part following the rules and
signals with perfect coordination, cooperation and
timing. Be alert and GET THAT FIGHTER
before he gets you or anyone in your formation.
BRIEFING
RESTRICTED
Each mission is tactically
different. To know your
duties pay strict attention
to the orders given you
at briefing.
GIF 3-5

; MISSION IS ANNOUNCED
You are assigned to ·go! You must see that the
guns and ammunition are properly installed. J
MAKE A PRE - FLIGHT CHECK OF THE
C. F. C. EQUIPMENT as your final responsi-
bility before combat. See section 4 for a list of
duties which will help you to make this check.
-
GIF 3-6 RESTRICTED

RESTRICTED
Seetto,e ?oet1t
Gunner's Pre-Oight Duties

GIF 4-2
A. GUNS AND AMMUNITION
The guns aren't readily accessible to
you during flight, so make doubly sure
they are in 100% perfect operating
condition when they are installed in the
turret. Don't take anyone's word for it,
CHECK THEM YOURSELF-
RESTRICTED

1. Pick up your guns at armament.
2. Did those armament "guys" serv-
ice them right? Better check them
yourself.
3. Wipe out the bore and chamber
of your gun barrel.
4. Is the adjusting screw tight
against the buffer discs in the
backplate?
5. Is the headspace adjustment O-K?
6. Can you feel any burrs in the
T-slot?
7. How about burrs on the camming
surfaces?
8. Check the oil buffer tube for
correct oil level.
9. Is the buffer setting O-K?
RESTRICTED GIF 4-3

GIF 4-4
A. GUNS AND AMMUNITION
(Continued)
l 0. Has the gun been properly lubri-
cated? ... All excess oil wiped off?
11 . When guns are installed in tur-
rets, do it yourself or at least
watch the other "guys" to see
that they do it right.
12. Make sure the guns are tight in
their adapters.
13. Is the gun charger securely
mounted on the gun?
14. Is the charger solenoid correctly
timed?
15. Check the operation of the
charger and the guns.
16. Make certain that both the feed-
ing and firing is O-K.
l 7. Is all equipment saftied?
18. How about safety wires, are they
O-K?

L..r""',,.-.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______
19. Ammunition should be checked with ex-
treme care looking for the following:
a. Position of link on the round.
b. Position of rounds with respect to
· each other.
c. Short rounds.
d. Bulges or burrs on rounds.
e. Extraction rim too thin or too
thick.
f. Deep-set or defective primers.
g. Corrosion on rounds.
h. Broken links or improper belting.
i. Check belts by running through
loading machine.
20. Make sure there are no dents in the
ammunition cans, and load the cans
making certain that the rounds point in
the correct direction and do not bind.
DON'T FEED AMMUNITION INTO THE
FEEDWAY OF THE GUNS YETI
There Are More Checks to Make
RESTRICTED GIF 4-5

B. ~. F. C. SYSTEM CHECK
DUTIES
(1) PRE-FLIGHT THE C. F. C.
SYSTEM making certain that
everything is in readiness and
operating properly for the Combat
Mission. To do this, you must make
practically the same check as the -.._/
ground maintenance crew. For a
check list of these operations see
Section 6-A.
(2) Harmonization should be-checked
to make certain that your guns and
your sight point in the same direc-
tion. For this ~heck procedure see
Section 6-B.
(3) If your computer does not operate
properly in the Ground Opera-
tional Pre-Flight Check, it should
be checked for the accuracy of its
corrections with a "Computer
Tester," an instrument that will be
on hand at the C. F. C. Repair
Shop. A trained C. F. C. man will
have to make this check for you.
RESTRICTED

C. MISCELLANEOUS CHECK
DUTIES
(1) Check INTERPHONE.
(2) Check SUIT HEATER.
(3) CLEAN your BLISTER.
(4) CLEAN SIGHT REFLECTOR, MIRROR
and SKY-FILTERS.
(5) Is the RING AND BEAD SIGHT WORK-
ABLE and RETRACTABLE?
(6) SIGHT FRICTION ADJUSTMENT to your
liking?
(7) After making checks 4, 5 and 6, STOW
YOUR SIGHT
(8) Is your PARACHUTE in good condi-
tion? Does it FIT PROPERLY?
(9) Where is your SEAT CUSHION?
(10) Is "MAE WEST" in good shape? Is her
INFLATION BOTTLE sealed?
GIF 4-7

C. MISCELLANEOUS CHECK
DUTIES (Continued)
(11) OXYGEN SYSTEM: Check the
operation and capacity.
a. Turn "ON" the demand
regulator. (Blinker will in-
dicate when the oxygen is
coming through.)
b. Turn "OFF" the demand
regulator.
c. Turn "ON" the emergency
oxygen supply.
d. Check the oxygen pressure.
The gauge should read be-
tween 3 50-4 50 psi.
e. Warning light will turn on
when oxygen pressure falls
below 100 psi.
(12) Are SPARE.FUSES and TUBES on
hand?

(13) KNOW WHERE YOUR ESCAPE HATCHES
ARE. Check them for operation and
have them clear of obstructions for
instant use.
(14) Do you have all of your GUN'S SPARE
PARTS and tools IF NOT, BE SURE TO
GET THEM!
D. LOAD YOUR GUNS
Now that the C. F. C. System has been com-
pletely checked for combat, FEED THE
AMMUNITION from the ammunition cans
into the feedways of the guns.
RESTRICTED GIF 4-9

E. MAKE DOUBL
THAT:
(1) GUN COVERS are DOWN and
secured DURING LOADING.
(2) AM'MUNITION is fed AGAINST
the CARTRIDGE STOPS with the
DOUBLE LINK IN FIRST.
(3) That AMMUNITION 1
.S NOT
JAMMED in the feedways.
(4) CHARGERS ARE RESET-if you
really want the guns to fire.
(5) TURRET DOMES ARE
SECURELY LATCHED.
(6) TURRET-WELL SAFETY
SWITCHES ARE CLOSED.

RESTRICTED
Seetto#?we
The Combat Mission

Draw clothing as directed by the
Personal Equipment Officer at mis-
sion briefing.
A. CREW TO STATIONS
Take your station upon completion
of pre-flight check.
B. BEFORE TAKE-OFF
GIF 5-2
You are going to have a lot
of things to do during and
after take-off, so you had better
check the following while you
have a chance:
. II
1. Where is your CHUTE?
2. Where is your SEAT
CUSHION?
3. Sit down, and·don't use the
sight to chin yourself.
4. Is your OXYGEN MASK in
place? L
5. BLISTER STILL 4'lf"
CLEAN?
RESTRICTED

6. INTERPHONE CHECK:
Put on headphones.
Adjust your throat "mike."
Stand-by for the "lnterphone Check."
Listen for the alarm bell.
Watch for the interphone "call" signal from
the Co-pilot.
Report to the Co-pilot, during your station
inspection, to acknowledge that your signal
light is working properly.
SPECIAL NOTE to left blister and tail gun-
ners: When your station inspection is made,
be sure to report whether or not you heard
the alarm bell.
7. CONTROL SURFACES. CHECK.
On ((Call" from the Co-pilot over
the interphone, gunners will report
the POSITION OF RUDDER, ELEVA-
TORS, and AILERONS as the
RESTRICTED GIF 5-3

BEFORE TAKE-OFF (continuedJ
8. STATUS OF CHECK LIST. On <(Call" from
the Co-pilot, each gunner will report whether
or not he has completed his check list, according
to S. 0. P. (Standard Operating Procedure).
.9. TAIL GUNNER STARTS "PUTT PUTT" (Aux-
iliary Generator).
10. STAND BY TO TAXI after the engines
are started. Your Co-pilot will .announce, "PRE-
PARE TO TAXI."
11. The Co-pilot will announce over the
interphone, "WING FLAPS." When the flaps are
down the left gunner will reply, "LEFT FLAP
DOWN 25°."
Right gunner will say "RIGHT FLAP DOWN
25°."
12. For the ten millionth time, SECURE
~ YOUR SAFETY BELT BEFORE TAKE-OFF.

C. DURING TAXIING
The top gunner is responsible for pro~ptly
reporting to the Co-pilot_the presence· of any
approaching aircraft in flight which might inter-
fere with taxiing. · All gunners will .promptly
report any hazardous condition they may observe.
RESTRICTED GIF 5-5

D. TAKE-Off DUTIES
List your take-off duties here.
GIF 5-6 RESTRICTED

D. TAKE-Off DUTIES (Continued)
E. AFTER TAKE-OFF
Right and left gunners will report over the inter-
phone as soon as the flaps and landing gears are
retracted, "RIGHT GEAR UP," etc.
RESTRICTED GIF 5-7

F. FLIGHT OPERATIONAL CHECK
AFTER TAKE-OFF
Learn position of all your switches and controls,
so you can operate without hesitation in the dark.
EACH GUNNER will make the Fire Control ·
System operational chec½ and fire his guns as
follows:
1. .POWER-AUX. "ON". This switch is on your
control box. It turns on you~ air compressor,
the heaters for the guns and the computer.
This is important, as we wouldn't want you
embarrassed for lack of air for the gun
chargers.
2. GUNS to '.
'FIRE". You'll also find this switch
on the control box.
3. POWER A. C. "ON". This switch is on the
control box. This starts the dynamotor.
Listen, did it start? If it did, the breaker on
the control box must be closed. If it .didn't,
push like hell on the POWER BREAKERS
reset button. Now you have sight and con-
trol power.
GIF 5-8 RESTRICTED
_/

4. UNSTOW SIGHT. Make sure
it has freedom of motion
through azimuth and eleva-
tion travel.
5. TURN UP RHEOSTAT-
Reticle light lights.
6. CH ECK BO TH RETICLE
FILAMENTS.
7. CHECK RANGE CONTROL ·
OPERATION.
8. CHECK TARGET SIZE INPUT .
KNOB OPERATION.
9. SELECT PROPER SKY FILTER.
Adjust the reticle illumina-
tion.
RULE O THUMB: Use only enough filter
to permit you to see the reticle with reason-
able clearness, not too dim and not too
bright, when looking at the brightest por-
tion of the sky, not including the sun and
its surrounding area.
RESTRICTED GIF 5-9

FLIGHT OPERATIONAL CHECK AFTER TAKE-OFF
(continued}
10. SET SELECTOR SWITCHES
on the blister system control
box, blistersystemswitch box, ,
and nose system switch box
in accordance with S. 0. P.
11. GET COMFORTABLE. Posi-
tion yourselffor scanning and
tracking. Place padding
where you will need it.
12. Place "MIKE" CORD, OXY-
GEN HOSE, ETC., so they
won't foul you up.
13. CLOTHING AND CHUTE
HARNESS adjusted so you ,
will have freedom of move-
ment in action.
14. SIGHT GRIP. Feel out the best
position of your hands on the
sight grips. This is important ',4"•·-- , • ·"
0
~,,w,
as you will have to get your
grips set right and qui~k when
GIF. S-10 RESTRICTED

RESTRICTED
you spot a target. You must
know how to "come in" on
~----~ - the grips, because, you
shouldn't change · your grip
after you once start tracking.
If you do change, your com-
puter hasn't a chance, and that
isn't good for your health.
NEVER SHIFT YOUR HAND
·ON GRIPS.
turn the system ON as all
stations can't turn ON at
once. System will be turned
on in the following order:
Blister System
Nose System
Upper System
Tail System
The Generators don't like to
have you all start at once so
you must take your turn. Turn
GIF 5-11

FLIGHT OPERATIONAL CHECK AFTER TAKE-OFF
(continued}
the balance ofthe switches on
the control box marked
POWER to "ON." Turn the ;
switches on one at a time and
listen. You are starting the ,
amplidynes and they sound
like coffee grinders. If you
hear them start, you know the
POWER BREAKERS are
closed.
16. C O M PU TE R " IN . " This
switch is on the control box.
It supplies de power to the
computer and gyros. GYROS
RUNNING? Feel if they are.
17. COMPUTER "IN-OUT" LIGHT.
Is it operating? When the
light is on it tells you: (1)
Your sight is outside the
limits of the computer's op-
eration in elevation; or (2)
the computer stand-by switch
is at "STAND-BY."
GIF 5-12 RESTRICTED

RESTRICTED
18. CHEC~ PRIMARY TURRET.
See that the turret follows the
sight.
The upper gunner can
see the upper turrets. The tail
gunner can see the tail turret.
The blister gunners can see
the lower rear turret guns
when the guns are pointing
broadside.
The nose gunner can have the
uppergunnerchecktheupper
forward turret, then have the
navigator listen for the oper-
ation of the lower forward
turret.
RET (S). Do this according to
S. 0. P. Blister gunners check
for the proper signal on the
indicator lights, located on
the . blister auxiliary control
box. When a light is lit the
GIF 5-13

FLIGHT OPERATIONAL CHECK AFTER TAKE-OFF
(continued}
primary gunner has control
of that turret.
20. DIM BLISTER AUXILIARY
control box LAMPS.
21. ALTITUDE AND AIR SPEED.
Fire Control Officer will in-
struct the navigator to set his
altitude and air speed hand-
set.
22. SET MAXIMUM RANGE. Set
this way, on the smallest ret-
icle size, you can pick the
enemy up when he is a long
way off and start tracking.
23. FIRE A PRACTICE BURST
UPON INSTRUCTIONS. Make
it a short one, two or three
rounds.
24. STAND-BY. The Co-pilot may
want you to shut down to
stand-by if the mission is a
long one. If he does:
a. Stow your turret by stow-
.. GIF 5-14 .
J
RESTRICTED

RESTRICTED
ing your sight keeping the
action switch depressed.
b. Turn the POWER-TURRET
switches to "OFF."
c. Release the action switch
and you are at STAND-BY.
d. NEVER TURN THE SYSTEM
ALL THE WAY OFF 'TILL
THE END OF THE MISSION.
Leaving the POWER-A.C.
andPOWER-AUX. switches
"ON" keeps the system
warmed up.and ready for ·
action.
e. BE SURE TO TURN THE
POWER-TURRET SWITCHES
TO "ON" BEFORE ENTER-
ING THE COMBAT ZONE
as directed by Fire Control
Officer.
GIF 5-15

G. SCANNING
SCANNING is one of your main responsibilities.
KEEP A SHARP LOOK-OUT FOR THE ENEMY
IN YOUR ASSIGNED AREA FOR SCANNING.
Remember, you are bigger than he is, and,
easier to see. You will have to be o,n your toes
to see him first and SLUG HIM. A SLEEPING GUN-
NER MAKES A BLIND SPOT IN YOUR B-29.
The Fire Control Officer will assign the area
that you are to scan.
If you wish to move the sight while scanning,
lea_
ve the action switch OPEN so the guns don't
drag along.
GIF 5-16 RESTRICTED

A Target Appears
YOU'RE IN COMBAT!
RESTRICTED GIF 5-17

SCANNING (continuedJ
Report the target to the Fire Control Officer by
the "CLOCK SYSTEM."
RECOGNITION
·What is it? Enemy or
Friendly Plane?
GIF 5-18 RESTRICTED
J _

WING SPAN
What is the wing span .
in feet?
SET TARGET SIZE
TIP You may find it helpful, pre-
vious to entering the combat
zone, to set the target size, to the
anticipated fighter's wing-span
for the particular theatre you
are in.
RESTRICTED - GIF 5-19

H. SIGHTING
Put the center reticle dot right smack on the
target. You must do this because it's the COM-
PUTER'S JOB TO MAKE ALL CORRECTIONS
FOR YOU.
Range the target by closing the reticle down so
the reticle diameter spans the wing tips.
REMEMBER, your hands must be set
the way you like them, for complete
ease of movement. You shouldn't
change your grip during the period of
tracking.-"lt ain't healthy."
SJGHT WITH BOTH EYES OPEN KEEPING THEM
SEVERAL INCHES BEHIND THE RETICLE. IT'S
NATURAL, AND IT WORKS. Note to tail gun-
ners: This is the nuts for shooting "around" tail
window corner posts.
GIF 5-20 RESTRICTED

TRACK THE TARGET SMOOTHLY IN RANGE
AND POSITION. TRACKING IS REALLY AN
_
IMPORTANT PART OF YOUR JOB. If you don't
track smoothly you won't get hits. If you pause
when you fire a burst, or jerk when you are
tracking, you upset the signals sent from the
gyros to the computer. ·
If you get off the target when you are tracking,
come on again SMOOTHLY, so the gyros can
re-establish correct signals into the computer.
While you are tracking, remember continually
to adjust the range.
If your plane is rolling, yawing, or in evasive
action, continue to track smoothly with the center
reticle dot on the target as the computer will
make the necessary corrections for you.
When changing your sight from one target to
another, slue the sight quickly. This will prevent
building up large false corrections in the
computer.
RESTRICTED GIF 5-21

I. FIRING
FIRE .BEFORE HE GETS YOU. Remember, with
the computer the advantage is yours. When the
reticle shows the target at maximum range (1,500
yards) fire a short burst (two or three rounds) to
clear your guns. You should begin firing for the .
kill ~t 900 yards.
GIF 5-22
...
'X
"'
~
z
"'
"ft
;;;
z
c:,
0
::ai,
-t
::r:
m
RESTRICTED

• •
• a 170 YDS. •
• •
• •
ON NOSE ATTACKS open fire at longer range be-
cause of the extremely high relative speed between
your bomber and the fighter. Fire to kill at 1,400
yards. You will have to be plenty sharp on these
attacks because in some cases the relative speed
will be as high as 1,000 feet per second. This
means that the duration of the attack will only
be approximately 3½ seconds. Brother, think that
over!
RESTRICTED GIF S-23

FIRING · (continuedJ
FIRE SHORT BURSTS. Remembe~, you should fire
short bursts to conserve your guns. When you fire
long bursts the gun barrel expands and loses its
accuracy by causing a much greater bullet disper-
sion. Fire a maximum of 25 rounds per burst per
gun. Never fire a burst without allowing a reason-
able cool-off int~rval. In. emergencies, a fifteen
second cool-off period is permissible. BE ACCU-
RATE-MAKE EVERY SLUG COUNT!
KEEP TRACKING TiHE TARGET
ALL THE TIME YOU ARE SHOOTING
GIF 5-24 RESTRICTED

WHEN TRANSFERRING TURRETS DON'T DE-
PRESS THE TRIGGER.
COOK-OFFS AND BLOW-OUTS. When you are
not tracking or firing and there is a possibility
of a COOK-OFF FROM LONG BURSTS, STOW
YOUR TURRET WHERE IT IS SAFE. Remem-
ber, there are other planes in your squadron which
might be hit by a runaway gun. POSITION
YOUR GUNS FOR BEST COOLING dead astern
or straight forward at a slight angle off the hori-
zontal.
RESTRICTED GIF 5-25

FIRING (continued)
BLISTER AND TAIL GUNNERS: You can fire the
tail turret cannon together with the "50's,"
when your CANNON switch is "ON." The
switches are located in the side blisters and in
front of the tail sight. The cannon cannot be
fired alone.
Know what gives in the rest of the plane. LISTEN
OVER YOUR INTERPHONE CONSTANTLY.
A VOID SNAFU. Be clear and concise when
speaking and maintain lnterphone Discipline.
WORK AS A TEAM AND
KEEP YOUR SIGNALS STRAIGHT
GIF 5-26 RESTRICTED

J. BfFORE LANDING
1. GUNS-"SAFE"
2. STOW TURRETS
Turrets should be stowed by the gunner
having the primary control. The right blister
gunner should stow the lower rear turret.
Stow your turret by stowing your sight with
the action switch closed. Turn the POWER-
TURRET switch (s) "OFF," and release the
action switch.
Check with pilot that indicator light
shows t~e turrets are properly stowed
for landing.
3. STOW SIGHT in azimuth and elevation, cov-
ering it with the cover provided.
4. ALL SWltCHES-"OFF"
Turn all of the Central-station Fire-control
System switches to the "OFF" position before
landing.
POWER CAMERA COMPUTER GUNS
AUX. A.C. TURRET
ON ON ON ON ON FIRE
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF SAFE
'' ,' ,' /~ ' j
- ---.---

5. TURN ON "PUTT PUTT"
The Co-pilot will announce over the inter- .._____,1
phone "PREPARE FOR LANDING." At this
time, the tail gunner will start the "PUTT
PUTT" and be guided by S. 0. P.
6. FLAPS HALF DOWN
Co-pilot will announce "WING FLAPS."
When the flaps have been lowered twenty-
five degrees the left gunner will say "LEFT
FLAP DOWN 25°." Right gunner will say,
RIGHT FLAP DOWN 25°."
7. LANDING GEAR
The Co-pilot will announce, "LANDING
GEAR." When the landing gear has been
lowered left gunner will say, "LEFT GEAR
DOWN." Right gunner will say, "RIGHT
GEAR DOWN."
8. FLAPS FULL DOWN
The Co-pilot will say, "WING FLAPS." When
flaps have been lowered all the way left
gunner will say, "LEFT FLAP DOWN.' Right
gunner will say, "RIGHT FLAP DOWN."
GIF 5-28 RESTRICTED

K. WHILE LANDING
List your duties here:
RESTRICTED GIF 5-29

THE COMBAT MISSION
L. AFTER LANDING
Check that flaps are up.
UNLOAD YOUR GUNS. Guard that no one passes
in front of the guns before they are cleared.
The left gunner should guard the lower turrets
while the right gunner clears them.
The left and top gunners should clear the upper
turrets.
The tail gunner should clear the tail turret and
then run a swab of bore cleaner down the 20-mm
barrel to protect the gun until the maintenance
crew arrives.
BE SURE THE
LAST ROUND
HAS BEEN
REMOVED FROM
THE CHAMBER
BY MANUALLY
CHARGING
THE GUN
GIF 5-30 RESTRICTED
.• .

Remove the turret's dome, open the gun cover
and take out the ammunition belt. Be sure the
last round has been removed from the chamber by
manually charging the gun.
FIELD-STRIP THE GUNS, leave the receiver in
place, and take the "guts" to armament.
Empty the ammunition cans and remove all am-
munition from the airplane, taking it to the
Armament Section.
REPORT any malfunction of the Central-station
Fire-contr~l equipment to the C. F. C. Specialist,
who in turn will analyze and report all malfunc-
tions to the ground maintenance crew. The
C. F. C. Specialist should keep a record of the
status of the equipment including malfunctions,
shortages of spare parts, etc., noting repairs and
changes made. This information or "LOG"
MUST BE KEPT. Malfll:nctions of the airplane
equipment, trouble lamps, etc., will be reported
to the Flight Engineer for repairs.
RESTRICTED GIF 5-31

You should be ready for some "SACK TIME" by
now.
GIF 5-32 RESTRICTED

RESTRICTED
Seetttm s,~
Ground Maintenance Check Lists

A. GROUND OPERATIONAL
Pu-'?e«;ltt
CHECK
This check is one you should be particularly
concerned about as it tells you i( the entire
C. F. C. System is operating · properly. The
ground crew will make a similar check but if
you do it yourself you will have the self assur-
ance that everything is really OK.
BEGIN THE CHECK WITH ·· TURRET
SAFETY SWITCHES OPEN. (TURRET WELL
COVERS AND TAIL TURRET ARMOR
PLATE OFF.)
GIF 6-2 RESTRICTED

1. MECHANICAL INSPECTIONS .
(1) ALL AN CONNECTORS TIGHT? Don't
make a bet-it might cost you plenty.
(2) AIR COMPRESSOR FULL OF OIL?
(3) LATCHING SOLENOIDS AND BRAKES EN-
GAGED?
(4) SAFETY WIRES OK? NO BROKEN PARTS.
Inspect the turrets and sights for safety
wires and broken parts.
(5) NO BROKEN SWITCH HANDLES ON CON-
TROL BOXES.
(6) HOW ARE THE DYNAMOTORS? Are brushes
OK?-ls ground connection OK?
(7) CHECK THE AMPLIDYNES for good brushes
and a good ground connection-Here's a
tip: A log of operating time will indicate
when brushes need replacement.
Check Them at Least Every 10 Hours of Oper-
ating Time.
(8) FUSES IN THE VOLTAGE REGULATOR?
(9) SPARE SIGHT LAMPS ON BOARD?
RESTRICTED GIF 6-3

GROUND OPERATIONAL PRE-FLIGHT CHECK
HINT: You will need a helper for the -following
checks and it would be swell if he had head- ~
phones and a "mike" with about 100 feet of cord.
-Most men are terrible at sign l~nguage.
GIF 6-4 RESTRICTED

2. POWER-
AUXILIARY
"ON". The switch is
on your control box.
(2) HEAR COMPRESSOR START?
.(3) IT SHOULD PUMP UP AND STOP after 3
to 5 min. running-at sea-level.
(4) AIR SYSTEM LEAKS? Don't use leak sealing
compounds except in emergencies.
FIX THE LEAK.
(5) COMPUTER HEATER POWER? Remove com-
puter connector and check for 27 volts DC
fro~ pin "y" (+) to pin "z" (ground).
(6) CAMERA HEATER POWER? Remove cable
from over-run control and check for 27 volts
DC from pin "2" to the turret's frame,
(ground).
RESTRICTED GIF 6-5

- ~ --- ,.
, , I '
3. POWER-AC
and SIGHTING
STATIONS
(1) START DYNAMOTOR (POWER-AC switch).
You will hear it start.
.(2) Will the RETICLE LIGHT?
(3) Will BOTH FILAMENTS light?
(4) Will RHEOSTAT control illumination?
(5) Does the RANGE HANDLE control the
reticle size?
(6) TARGET SIZE OK?
(7) Turn the COMPUTER SWITCH on control
box "IN".
(8) DID GYROS START? You can feel them if
they did.
(9) Save the gyros by turning COMPUTER .
SWITCH "OUT".
GIF 6-6 RESTRICTED

POWER-TURRET
(1) START AMPLIDYNES.
(POWER switches on control box.)
You will hear them start. NOTE TO TAIL
GUNNER: Your amplidynes won't start, so
push in the safety switch with your fingers, the
amplidynes should start and the brakes pick up.
Don't replace the armor plate yet.
(2) Do TURRET LATCHES PICK UP? You'll need
a helper to watch them pick up.
5. TURRET SAFETY SWITCHES
NOTE: Remember, your turret safety switches
are all open.
(1) Close action switch and MOVE SIGHT. Tur-
ret should not follow.
(2) PRESS FIRING TRIGGER with action switch
closed. Firing solenoids shouldn't pick up.
Have your helper check them.
(3) CLOSE TURRET SAFETY SWITCHES. (Replace
turret well covers and tail armor plate.)
RESTRICTED GIF 6-7

GROUND OPERATIONAL PRE-FLIGHT CHECK
(4) Close action switch and MOVE SIGHT to
position where guns can FIRE. Turret should
follow.
(5) PRESS TRIGGER and ha~e your helper check
that firing solenoids pick up. Chargers will
charge-let them time out.
6. FOLLOW-UP SYSTEM
(1) With action swi-~ch open,
MOVE SIGHT 45° IN AZI-
MUTH away from guns.
" ) (2) CLOSE ACTION SWITCH
and guns will line up with
sightifthe azimuth 1-speed
system is OK. If the sys-
tem is out, guns will move
less than 12°.
CHECK ELEVATION 1-
SPEED selsyn system sim-
ilarly.
(4) With action switch closed, MOVE SIGHT
VERY SLOWLY AND SMOOTHLY in azimuth.
· If turret appears to "walk" along in steps,
and servo-amplifier neon lamp blinks, the
azimuth 31-speed selsyn system needs re-
pairs.
(5) CHECK ELEVATION 31-SPEED selsyn system
similarly.
GIF 6-8 RESTRICTED
J

■ INTERRUPTED AREA
,...
*'~ UNINTERRUPTED
'~~ AREA
~
(1) POINT ~UNS WHERE THEY CAN FIRE. (Not
pointing at tail, wings or propellers nor
against limit stops.)
(2) With action switch closed, PRESS FIRING
TRIGGER and have your helper check that:
(a) Firing solenoids pick up.
(b) Charging solenoids pick up.
(c) Ammunition boosters run.
(d) Ejection doors on lower turrets open.
(e) Camera does not run.
(3) Turn CAMERA SWITCH "ON."
(4) PRESS FIRING TRIGGER with action switch
closed and have your helper see if camera
operates.
(5) CHECK OVER-RUN CON!ROL by turning
the knob to various time settings, pressing
and releasing firing trigger at each of the
settings to see that over-run control operates.
RESTRICTED GIF 6-9

8. LIMITS AND BACK-OUT
CIRCUITS
(1) Close action switch and MOVE SIGHT BE-
YOND TURRET'S HORIZONTA'L LIMIT but
not on a contour follower. Have your man
at the turret check that limit switch operates
and that elevation turret drive motor does
not slip clutch.
(2) While in this position, PRESS TRIGGER
and note that firing solenoids don't pick up
and that boosters don't run.
(3) Move sighting station to BRING TURRET
BACK OFF LIMIT. If turret follows, your
back-out circuit is OK. It might be smart to
GIF 6-10 RESTRICTED
J

press the trigger again to see that the firing
circuit has been re-established.
NOTE: The tail turret has back-out circuits at
each limit of azimuth and elevation motion.
Make above check for each of these limits. A
check of one will not prove all of them.
Remember, on the tail turret, the motor brakes
"clamp" when the turret moves against the limit
and they "pick-up" when you back off. There is
no back-out at zenith or nadir on upper or
lower turrets, so you don't have to check there.
(4) Bring GUNS AGAINST CONTOUR FOL-
LOWER and let sight travel beyond. Check
that the elevation m9tor doesn't slip clutch
and that firing solenoids and boosters don't
operate when trigger is pressed.
(5) Move GUNS OFF CONTOUR FOLLOWER.
If they move off, and firing solenoids pick-up
when trigger is pressed, the back-out circuit
is OK.
HINT: Be sure that guns aren't pointing at an
interrupted area when you make this check.
(6) SWING GUNS AROUND ON CONTOUR FOL-
LOWER to see that they clear the airplane.
RESTRICTED GIF 6-11

GROUND OPERATIONAL PRE-FLIGHT CHECK
■ INTERRUPTED AREA
9. FIRE INTERRUPTER
NOTE: This check doesn't apply to the tail turret
as it has no fire interrupter.
(1) POINT GUNS AT WINGS, TAIL OR PRO-
PELLERS. Make certain that you are not
against a turret limit.
(2) PRESS TRIGGER and note that the firing
solenoids don't pick-up.
(3) With trigger down, SLOWLY MOVE TURRET
OUT OF INTERRUPTED AREA. If the firing
solenoids pick-up as guns pass out of the
area, they are OK. DON'T FORGET, EACH
GUN HAS A SEPARATE FIRE INTERRUPTER.
(4) Install a bore-sight tool in the guns and
check to see that FIRE INTERRUPTERS ARE
ACCURATELY ORIENTED to your B:29.
GIF 6-12 RESTRICTED
. J

10. COMPUTER
(1) Turn COMPUTER SWITCH on control box
"IN" and STAND-BY SWITCH on sight "IN".
CAUTION: Don't run any computer more than
15 minutes at a time while on the ground if the
temperature in the airplane is high enough to
make you feel uncomfortable.
(2) LEAD CHECK.
(a) Turn RANGE KNOB on sight to MAXI-
MUM RANGE.
(b) Lock sight in elevation and TRACK
SMOOTHLY IN AZIMUTH.
(c) STOP SIGHT QUICKLY and watch the
guns move back when"lead" cranks out.
(d) REPEAT this operation IN OPPOSITE
DIRECTION.
(e) Lock sight in azimuth and MAKE "LEAD
CHECK" IN ELEVATION.
RESTRICTED GIF 6-13

(3) WINDAGE CHECK.
(a) With Range set to maximum on the
sight, STOW SIGHT BROADSIDE AND
HORIZONTAL.
(b) Throw COMPUTER SWITCH on sight
to "STAND-BY". Watch guns swing to
the rear-that was the computer's cor-
rection for windage jumping out.
(c) Turn COMPUTER SWITCH on sight to
"IN". The windage correction will come
back m and move the guns forward.
GIF 6-14 RESTRICTED

(4) GRAVITY DROP.
(a) STOW SIGHT REAR AND HORIZONTAL
where "windage,, effect is minimum.
NOTE: In this check you will have to keep the
'----" upper forward turret above the contour follower
rather than horizontal.
(b) With Range still set to maximum and
action closed, turn COMPUTER SWITCH
to "STAND-BY". Watch the ·guns move
downward as the gravity cor~ection
jumps out.
(c) Turn COMPUTER SWITCH back to "IN".
Watch the guns jump up.
RESTRICTED GIF 6-15

GROUND OPERATIONAL PRE-FLIGHT CHECK
(5) ELEVATION LIMIT SWITCH.
NOTE: When the guns are leading the line of
sight it is necessary to cut out the computer
before the line of sight reaches zenith or nadir,
otherwise the guns try to drive through the stop.
A limit switch is therefore set to operate at
approximately 8 5° zenith or nadir. (Forget this
on the tail turret.)
(a) Move SIGHT slowly TO MAXIMUM ELE-
VATION OR DEPRESSION depending on
whether it is an upper or lower turret.
(b) Do GUNS JUMP
BACK TO LINE OF
SIGHT when you
reach approxi-
mately 8 5°zenith or
nadir? If they do,
you're OK.
(c) M~ve SIGHT BACK
FROM MAXIMUM
ELEVATION OR DE-
PRESSION. Watch
computer's correc-
tion jump back in
again.
GIF 6-16
COMPUTER
OUT HERE
,~
1 ZENITH
RESTRICTED

~~
Harmonization means, that you must h~ e. the
Line of Sight in the Sighting Station, in a p~ allel
line with the Line of Fire of the turret g~ s,
when the computer is "OUT". "
To be certain that you have perfect harmoniza-
tion make sure that the maintenance crew has
checked the following:
Gun-bore axis with relation to turret
axes. Turret level and sight level with
~ relation to the airplane.
Zeroing.
All ground crew checks.
RESTRICTED GIF 6-17

But ... since you are a gunner who wants to
live to become an old man-you had better take
a look for yourself. If you have a harmonization
yard with middle distant targets and the air-
plane is "spotted", try this check and assure
yourself that the guns are going to shoot where
you point them.
GIF 6-18 RESTRICTED
J .

(1) Turn PQWER.
-AC "ON."
(2) Turn POWER-TURRET "ON."
f3) Throw TRANSFER SWITCHES to control the
turret you wish to check.
(4) ACTION SWITCH CLOSED.-Place a wedge ·
· under the stop to keep it closed.
(5) CAREFULLY ALIGN SIGHT RETICLE on cor-
rect target in the harmonization yard.
(6) Place BORESIGHT TOOL IN GUN BORE.
(7) Look to see that the CROSS-HAIRS OF THE
TOOL ALIGN on the correct target. If they
do, you're OK. If not, it ain't safe and ·you
had better report the misalignment to the
C. F. C. Specialist in your crew.
WARNING: DON'T MANEUVER THE TURRET
WITH THE BORESIGHT TOOL IN THE GUN.
R~STRICTED GIF 6-19 .

,a
m
"'
.....
:!
n
-t
m
C
MAKE HARMONIZATION CHECK
Of This With This
Sight Turret
Upper Upper Rear
Upper Upper Forward
Nose Upper Forward
Nose Lower Forward
Right Blister Lower Forward
Right Blister Lower Rear
Right Blister Tail
Left Blister Lower Forward
Left Blister Lower Rear
Left 'Blister Tail
Tail Tail
Use Power
Switches on
This Control Box
Upper System
Upper System
Upper System
Nose System
Nose System
Blister System
Tail System
Nose System
Blister System
Tail System
Tail System
SET SELECTOR SWITCH
On Nose
On Blister
Release
Selector Switch
Switch
Box To
Box To
-........
::::r - 0
~ 0
CD~ n
.,, :c
ca· 3 m
::::r a n
-jill;""
"
.,, CD
a
-m
OUT
IN
IN
:J ::::r z
a. CD
:::!
-·
C ::::r :::a
.. a m
.. ..
CD
3
- 0,
.,, 0 I
:J t-,,)
RIGHT OUT N
"°
RIGHT
a ,,
:::-.
0 0
RIGHT
LEFT OUT
LEFT
LEFT
:J :::a
n
:c
::::r
CD l>
n :::a
jill;""
~
O"'
CD 0
-z
~
N
CD
CD l>
:J I

//~ 1/teu,.
HARMONIZATION TARGETS AND LOCATION OF PLANE
LOCATE THESE THREE TARGETS
ON A LINE PARALLEL TO C.L. OF PLANE
PLAN VIEW OF LOCATION LINES
I Tf--:0
±1U'
NOTE "A"
Targets are located opposite respective sights and turrets at right
angles to the horizontal center line of the ship and with respect to
the slope of the ship.
t
C.L. OF
MAlN WHEELS
CENTER LINE
. OF AIRPLANE
CENTER LINE PAINTED
ON CONCRETE RAMP
HORIZONTAL PARALLAX DISTANCES
PARALLAX DISTANCES GIVEN ARE
WITH PLANE IN LEVEL ATTITUDE.
• 1111. 45'-ll'V,." • f
,...,____41' •I• •I• 4'-ll'V.•"
I I I
- l---
· ~~--
1 JJ_ I ~
I I _J I L21'-6'/," J
. ! + - I 34'-5¼" • I• 60'-0" 13'-s~." .--,,...._ ___,..,r4.,___41 '-4'/i•" - - - , I
I r - - 4 0'.a" - - ~
RESTRICTED GIF 6-21

DISTANT OBJECT TARGETS
Who knows, the Sarg. might say, "Ah, hell, the
Ground Crew made all the checks, what's eatin' ya?"
Still, you want to see for yourself that the guns go
where you point them. You can.do it another way,
so try the Distant Object method. This way you
don't need a harmonization yard nor do you have to
move the airplane.
Locate a distant target at an angle from your airplane
which will bring a parallax distance between the
sighting station and the turret to the minimum. You
are only allowed a one-mil error, so the closer you
can bring the sight and turret together with relation
to the target, the closer the target can be. To get
fundamental: A one-mil angle is one fo.ot at 90°
from the line of sight at 1,000 feet. For every foot
of perpendicular distance between your line of sight
and the turret's verticle axis, your target must ·be
1,000 feet away. That is, if the perpendicular dis-
tance between the sighting station's verticle axis
and the verticle axis of the turret is 10 feet, your
target would have to be 10,000 feet, or approxi-
mately 2 miles away. This is another way to get your
harmonizing targets. Use the same old harmonizing
check list for this scheme.
~ ·~======!==
; ==:ONEF:=T
o;)
'ir!f ONE MIL ANGLE
RESTRICTED GIF 6-23

;:a
n,,
V,
-I
;:a
n
-I
m
C
Distant Object Targets
VERTICAL AXIS
OF TURRET

RESTRICTED
Gunners Miscellaneous File
' I
I

GUNNER'S
FILE __)
The items grouped here, cover material per-
tinent to your job. From time to time you
may wish to add more material, as it becomes
available to you. The items now included are:
GIF PAGE
1. Index to Reference Books and Training
Material ............................ 7- 3
2. Aircraft Recognition Data ............... 7- 4
3. Emergency Measures with C. F. C......... 7-15
4. Do's and Don'ts .................... . . 7-18
5. Night Vision Tips ..................... 7-22
6. Air Sickness Prevention ................ 7-26
7. The Fighter Pilot's Problem .............. 7-27
8. Location of Escape Hatches, Fire
Extinguishers and First Aid Kit ............ 7-29
9. Ammunition Data ..................... 7-30
10. International Morse Code .............·. 7-31
11. World Map .......................... 7-33
12. Notes .............................. 7-35
GIF 7-2 RESTRICTED

T.O. 11-70A-1-B-29 Armament Technical
Order
T.O. 11-70A-3-B-29 Armament Parts Cat-
alog
T.O. 11-70-5-B-29 Harmonizing
*GEl-18787-Cpmputer Preliminary Manual
"GET THAT FIGHTER," a pocket manual
on non-computed posi-
tion firing
TM 9-225 Cal. .30 Machine Gun
TM 9-227
FM 30-30
TM 1-440
(Browning) M-2 Air-
craft
20 mm Gun (AN-M2)
Aircraft Recognition
Parachutes
AF 120-(Movie) C.S.F.C.--:Fundamentals
*GES 3204 (Manual) C.S.F.C:-Funda-
. mentals
AF 146-(Movie) C.S.F.C.-Electrical
Operation
*GES 3211 (Manual) C.S.F.C -Electrical
Operation
*These are General Electric Company manuals. Do
not order direct-these must be ordered through
Command channels.
Gf 7-3

2,AIRCRAFT
RECOGNITION
DATA
GIF 7-4
The following ·recognition data gives
wing span, silhouettes and perform-
ance of enemy aircraft. The wing span
of the a.pproaching target, set in your
sight, is used in the computer to cal~
culate range. ~
RESTRICTED

....
11M
z
11M
Q
::::,
....
....
ME 109G FIGHTER
HIGH SET ELEVATOR
TWIN RADIATORS AND
OIL COOLER UNDER WINGS
LOW COCKPIT
SPEED IN MPH
MINS. OF CUMB 10
SPAN-32' 7"
LENGTH-29' 4"
MAX. WEIGHT-7,230
1500
1S
ROUNDED TIPS
SQUARE TIPS
ON ME 109E
SUPERCHARGER
AIR INLET
SMALL FIN & RUDDER
2000 500
500
20
RESTRICTED
Wing guns reduce: speed 25 mph,
service ceiling 1000 ft., climb 8%
2S
GIF 7-5

FW 190 FIGHTER
RADIAL ENGINE
R I
40,000
30,000
z
MINS. OF CLIMB
GIF 7-6
SMALL COCKPIT
10
SPAN-34' 6"
LENGTH-29' 1"
MAX. WEIGHT-10,350
15
SLIGHTLY CURVED
BLUNT TIPS
ANGULAR EDGE
CORNER ON FIN
0 250
500
20 2S
RESTRICTED

"--"
ME 110 LONG RANGE - NIGHT FIGHTER
I-
z
Q
::,
I-
I-
cC
RADIATOR UNDER
WINGS
RANGE IN MILES 500
40,000
30,000
20,000 .
10,000
GROUND
SPEED IN MPH 100
MINS. OF CLIMB
RESTRICTED
1000
200
10
SPAN-53' 11"
LENGTH-40' 4"
MAX. WEIGHT-20,400
SQUARE TIPS
NACELLES BACK OF NOSE
1500
300
15
SMALL OVAL
TWIN RUDDERS
2000 2500
400 S00
20 25
GIF 7-7

ME 210 FIGHTER, LIGHT BOMBER
SPAN-53' 9"
LENGTH-40' 3"
MAX. WEIGHT-24,750
SLIM
TAPERING FUSELAGE
NACELLES PROJECT BEYOND NOSE
"BULGED" GREENHOUSE
FORWARD
RANGE IN MILES 500
..., 40,000
30,000
z
100
1000
200
1500 . 2000 2500
300 400 500
MINS. OF CLIMB 10 IS 2Q 25
Normal performance as lighter (as of Sept. 43)
GIF 7-8 RESTRICTED

'-...../
JU 88-C6 INTRUDER, NIGHT FIGHTER
SPAN-66'
LENGTH-47'
MAX. WEIGHT-28,500
WING EDGES "BREAK"
BOTH FRONT & REAR
ANGULAR NACELLES EVEN WITH NOSE
S 50
....
...
... 30,000
z
Cl
20,000
=
....
.... 10,000
...
C
GROUND
SPEED IN MPH
MINS. OF CLIMB
RESTRICTED
w u
10
OFF CENTER
GUN GONDOLA
1500
15
TAIL ROUNDED AFT
400
20
500
25
GIF 7-9

NATE FIGHTER
ELLIPTICAL
TAILPLANE
RESEMBLES OSCAR EXCEPT FOR
FIXED LANDING GEAR
SPAN-35' 1O"
LENGTH-24' 4"
MAX. WEIGHT-5,500
FIXED LANDING GEAR SMALL ROUNDED
RUDDER
.....
1')() 15 0 2000 2 0
....
....
....
...
z
....
Cl
::::,
.... ._ MAX. SPEED
....
,c I ♦ MAX. RANGE
I EXTRA FUEL
200 300 400 500
MINS. OF CLIMB 10 IS 20 25
GIF 7-10 RESTRICTED

ZEKE FIGHTER
HIGH SET COCKPIT ENCLOSURE
R NG IN MILES 500 1000
.... 40,000
....
....
30,000
z
Q
20,000
::,
....
....
,c
GROUND
SPEED IN MPH 100
MINS. OF CLIMB 10
RESTRICTED
SPAN-39' 5"
LENGTH-29' 7"
MAX. WEIGHT-5,689
SCOOPS
1500
300
IS
ROUNDED TIPS
LARGE FIN
AND RUDDER
2000 2500
400 500
20 25
GIF 7-11

RuFE FIGHTER, RECONNAISSANCE
LES
.... 40,000
....
....
30,000
z
.... 20,000
Q
::,
....
.... 10,000
◄ GROUND
100
MINS. OF CLIMB
GIF 7-12
SPAN-39'5"
LENGTH-33' 1O"
MAX. WEIGHT-6,436
RESEMBLES ZEKE EXCEPT FOR FLOAT
lSINGLE :=t==~RGE A~
AND RUDDE~.
1000 1S00 200 2500
~~
ff
<,j
.
~
200 300 400 500
10 IS 20 25
RESTRICTED

HAP FIGHTER
RAN
.... 40,000
...
... 30,000
z
... 20,000
Ci
::::::,
....
.... 10,000
cC
GROUND
SPEED IN MPH 100
MINS. OF CLIMB
RESTRICTED
200
10
SPAN-36' 6"
LENGTH-29' 7"
MAX. WEIGHT-6,200
300 400
15 20
LARGE FIN
AND RUDDER
500
2S
GIF 7-13

....
...
...
z
Cl
:,
.....
....
cc
OSCAR Mk 1 FIGHTER
SPAN-37' 7"
LENGTH-28' ¥"
MAX. WEIGHT-6,150
STRAIGHT LEADING EDGE
RESEMBLES NATE EXCEPT FOR RETRACTABLE LANDING GEAR
RANGC IN MILES - 1500
40,000
30,000
20,000
._._
I MAX.
200 300
MINS. OF CLIMB 10 IS
SMALL ROUNDED
RUDDER
2000 2S00
SPEED
400 500
20 25
GIF 7-14 RESTRICTED

9, EMERGENCY MEASURES WITH C.F.C.
(1) Use RING AND BEAD SIGHT when both
reticle light filaments are gone.
(2) BLISTER GUNNERS! You can START AND
OPERATE TAIL TURRET without help from
the tail gunner providing the tail gunner
turned on the POWER-AUX. switch and
threw his GUNS switch to FIRE after take-
off. y OU have switches on your control box
to start his amplidynes, and you use your
own dynamotor.
(3) BLISTER GUNNERS! You can get rid of a
DAMAGED TAIL TURRET OR LOWER FOR-
WARD TURRET by throwing TAIL MOUNT
or LOWER FORWARD switches on control
box to OUT. In this way you won't disturb
_
control of your other turrets.
(4) When you are OPERATING IN HIGH TEM-
PERATURES give the computer a break. Pull
up the floor boards over the computer well
for better ventilation.
(5) Even if you are OUT OF AMMUNITION,
bluff it out! Keep the turret moving during
combat.
RESTRICTED GIF 7-15

EMERGENCY MEASURES WITH C. F. C. (Cont.)
(6) IF COMPUTER IS DAMAGED turn your com-
puter switch on control box to '-'OUT" and
operate system n'on-computing by using
Position Firing Technique as follows:
(a) Turn range control to minimum range-larg-
est size reticle and keep it there (against stop).
(b) Obtain true air speed from navigator. Turn
target-size knob to the corresponding number
you get from the chart on page 7-1 7. Be sure
to use the curve for your sighting station and
turret.
(C) Make corrections as follows:
Cone of Attack Direction of Fighter Deflection in Rads
O· Dead ahead or astern 0
½ 11° ½
1 22° 1
2 45° 2
3 90° 2½
REMEMBER-Don't fire unless the fighter is on his
pursuit curve. Always make your correction be-
tween the attacking fighter and the tail of your own
plane at a point on the line along which the fighter
slides toward your tail. And don't waste ammuni-
tion beyond 600 yards. Change your correction
continuously·as the fighter changes position so that
the proper correction is applied as the fighter
slides from one cone to the next.
GIF 7-16 RESTRICTED

( ( (
450 © PRIMARY CONTROL
,a
m . FOR NOSE, TAIL,
VI
-I
AND RING
,a
400
n STATIONS
-I
m
® PRIMARY CONTROl
0
350
OF LOWER AFT
:I:
TURRET BY BLISTER
A. STATIONS
~
300
@ SECONDARY CON-
~
TROL OF TAIL
TURRET BY BLISTER
C
w STATIONS.
w
250 0 SECONDARY CON-
A.
V)
a= . TROL OF FOR-
~ WARD TURRETS BY
w
200 BLISTER AND RING
::::,
a= STATIONS
....
© HIGH SPEED RULE
150 FOR ALL STATIONS.
9
-n
~ 100 4 TARGET SIZE -
~
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 + SETTING

(1)
'f (2)
~
@
GIF 7-18
Previous to m1ss10n check
every little item yourself-
consult check list, do not re-
lax vigilance - life is too
short. It is difficult and some-
times impossible to correct
oversights and malfunctions
in flight.
Plan your tactics. Knowing
the object of the mission, the
course and the enemy~for-
mulate your firing plan. Ex-
pend ammunition carefully
and conservatively-you may
meet as much enemy opposi-
tion coming home from, as
going to th e target-an
empty gun is little protec-
tion.
Do not overheat your guns
-do not maltreat them in
the air. They are your sole
protection. It is impossible
to get accuracy with over-
heated guns. Overheating
your guns will make the
enemy happy and increase
his life span-it may de-
crease yours.
RESTRICTED

(4) Observe fire
control rules-
start your turret
up immediately
upon signal.
You are all in
the same boat-
you are part of
a team that flies
or goes down together. Protect your vul-
nerable spots first.
(5) Never relax vigilance. Scan the skies at
all times-an idle moment may provide
your ticket to heaven.
(6) Never fire on aircraft in the direction of
your formation. Do not fire on the break-
away if it is in toward the formation. The
enemy can do no harm on the breakaway,
but keep in mind the computer lead may
point guns into your formation.
(7) Do not fire at any range greater than that
designated. Remember you can start firing
with accuracy at 900 yards while the enemy
is limited to approximately 400 yards.
RESTRICTED GIF 7-19

Z,c,'4 4#d 1)o«,'t4 ( ~ )
(8) 0 bserve the rules of tracking, ranging and J
firing.
(a) Presetyour range and target dimension.
(b) Pick up the target quickly.
(c) Track smoothly to the firing range.
(d) Fire your clearing burst at 1,500 yards
and shoot for the kill at 900 yards.
(e) Follow through, never jetk •or stop
smooth tracking motion.
(f) Fire the correct burst.
(9) Learn the limitation of the enemy aircraft
-what he ·can do-when he is dangerous
-what type of attack will he use and from
what quarter.
(10) Remember interphone discipline-speak
clearly and concisely.
(11) Remember to look for any unusual enemy
activity, strategy and design.
(12) Practice tracking in flight-trace the patch
of the clouds, or a river or other suitable
objects on the ground. Familiarize yourself
with your equipment, practice gunnery-
train as you did for a football game.
(13) The night before a football game you re"
!axed and went to sleep early. The game
you now play is for keeps-you can't be
in too good condition.
GIF 7-20 RESTRICTED

(14) Once the mission is over, your job is not
complete-see that your equipment is cared
for. After getting some sleep, check each
piece of your equipment so that you know
it has been cared for. Become intimate
with your equipment.
"-----
(15) Use and cherish the equipment issued you.
Flak suits are quite heavy and bulky but are
damn good protection.
(16) Relax in your off moments-don't torture
yourself with mental uncertainty and ner-
vousness. Do your best and you'll come
through.
(17) Do not release control of turret until you
know that the one taking over control has
released his firing switch.
(18) Before landing, make certain all swhches
._,, are off. Allow no one to touch system until
you have unloaded your guns.
(19) When using the short round eliminator,
load ammunition against the belt-holding
pawl with the cover down and securely
latched.
(20) Never load ammunition into gun. until
._,
checking has been completed and you are
ready to start the mission.
RESTRICTED GIF 7-21

5, · NIGHT VISION TIPS
..I
I
1
TO DEVELOP NIGHT VISION
(1) Insure adaptation to dark preceding any
night operation by staying in a dark room
or by wearing red lensed goggles for 30
minutes.
(2) Protect this adaptation by not exposing your J
eyes to any bright light, either inside or out-
side the aircraft.
(3) Keep all nonessential lights within the air-
craft turned out, and all essential lights
dimmed.
(4) Use red light within the airplane whenever
possible. ·
GIF 7-22 RESTRICTED

(5) Read instruments, maps and charts rapidly;
then look away: Better still, use only one eye.
(6) Use supplemental oxygen from the ground
up on all night flights.
(7) Eat the foods containing vitamin "A" that
are supplied in the army rations.
(8) Keep all windows scrupulously clean.
(9) Improve night vision by practicing off-
center viewing of objects on dark nights.
KEEP GOGGLES, ENCLOSURE WINDOWS, AND
SIGHTING BLISTERS CLEAN AND FREE FROM
SCRATCHES. Scattered light reduces the con-
trast between faint lights and their backgrounds;
reflected light from window scratches does the
same.
BE SURE YOU HAVE AN ADEQUATE SUPPLY
OF OXYGEN FROM THE GROUND UP. With-
out it, night vision is impaired at an altitude of
only 5,000 feet, and is only one-half as effici~nt
at 12,000.
RESTRICTED GIF 7-23

NIGHT VISION TIPS (Continued)
E-
AT FOOD RICH IN VITAMIN A. This is a chem-
ical factor essential to good night vision. Eggs,
butter, cheeses, liver, apricots, peaches, carrots,
squash, peas, and especially cod liver oil and all
types of greens, are rich in vitamin A. Too much
vitamin A will neither help nor harm you. When
necessai:y, supplemental doses of this vitamin
will be suppli~d through the quartermaster.
REMEMBER THAT, IN NIGHT VISION, YOU
CANNOT SEE WHAT YOU LOOK AT DIRECTLY.
A night blind spot, unrecognized by most
people, lies at the center o_
f the eye. Therefore,
in the dark, look to one side of the thing you want
to see.
GIF 7-24 RESTRICTED

For reading maps and instruments, or when
caught in searchlights, use one eye, and use it
sparingly. If the other eye is kept closed, it
will retain its power to see in the dark in-
dependently.
MOVE YOUR EYES SLOWLY BACK AND FORTH
ACROSS THE FIELD. Then the image of what you
want to see will be more sure to register across
the outer part of the retina. Shifting the gaze by
only a few degrees often increases the efficiency
of seeing. This may be done more easily by
·moving the head slowly than by moving the
eyes alone.
BE SURE TO ADAPT YOUR EYES TO NIGHT
VISION BEFORE TAKING OFF. The sense organs
for night vision become insensitive under
strong light and require time for "adaption to
dark." During this period nothing brighter
than candlelight should be used. If a dark room
is not available, red goggles will do almost as
well. Then when you take off a 10,000 fold
increase in sensitivity will have been achieved.
RESTRICTED GIF 7-25

6, AIRSICKNESS
PREVENTION
Aids in preventing or minimizing airsickness
suggested by the Air Surgeon:
(1) Flex the head onto the chest while flying in
turbulent air.
(2) Do not turn the head while in steep banks.
(3) Keep the horizon in full and easy view except
when tactical considerations, such as search-
ing the sky for enemy fighters, dictate other-
wise.
(4) Sit as near as possible to the center of
gravity of the airplane, where less motion
will be felt.
(5) Concentrate thoroughly on your mission
right up to its termination.
(6) Yawning is especially good to clear your
ears during changes in altitude.
GIF 7-26 RESTRICTED

l FIGHTER
PILOT'S
PROBLEM
(1) From afar the fighter pilot must:
(a) Calculate your speed and direction.
(b) Determine what his angle of approach in
relation to you will be.
(2) Fly a pursuit curve.
(a) It is practically impossible for a pursuit
pilot to fly a true pursuit curve whereby
his guns are always correctly leading the
target. The best pilots can only fly an
approximation of a pursuit curve.
(b) Always maintain positive "G" and never
exceed more than 2 "Gs".
(c) Keep the little ball centered in the bank
and turn indicator.
(d) Do not tilt wings
too much so that his
vision is cut down
or seriously ob-
scured.
(e) Correct!y estimate
all turns and
approaches. The
fighter will usually
mush into.the target.,
RESTRICTED GIF 7-27

FIGHTER PILOT'S PROBLEM (Cont'd)
The amount and point of mush must be
correct!y calculated.
(3) When on the pursuit curve lead by the correct
radii of his sight and start firing at 400-300
yards. Breakaway before 150 yards giving the
B-29 gunner the smallest target for the least
amount of time.
BREAKAWAY
BEFORE
l50ros.
~-------"'~
As shown above the fighter pilot has to do a lot
of guessing and calculating in o·rder to hit you. He
must also fly a precise course. He is limited by the
danger of exposing himself too much and too long
and by the fact that you have 500 or more yards J
firing advantage over him. Your plane is quite fast
and he will be limited in the types of attacks he
can make. He is dependent upon his ability to
estimate and calculate, you are guided by a com-
puter that is accurate and positive.
GIF 7-28 RESTRICTED

8. ESCAPE HATCHES
Know where they are, and fist them herel
*~'-.
--- -t:lb
~ - - - - - - ~(:: _-_-_-
"-- -
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Know where they are, and fist them herel
FIRST AID KITS
Know where they are, and fist them herel
RESTRICTED GIF 7-29

~ AMMUNITION DATA
(1) Ammunition Weighs:
Cal. 50 Approx. 30.0# per 100 Rounds
Belted
20mm Approx. 63.0# per 100 Rounds
Belted
(2) 100 Rounds Will Last You Approx.:
Cal. 50 8. 5 Seconds of Firing
20mm 10.0 Seconds of Firing
(3) Foot Pounds Remaining Energy at 200 Yds.
Range:
Cal. 50 20mm
GIF 7-30 RESTRICTED

10.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H.
J
K
L
M
RESTRICTED
INTERNATIONAL
MORSE CODE
N
0
p ·--·
Q
R
s
T
u
V
w
X
y
z
0 -----
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
GIF 7-31

~m~o/tlw~Oltld
TIME ZONES INDICATED AT BOTTOM
D A
C A N
RESTRICTED GIF 7-33
--=!:.........":"'..::~
_,,,..__,.,, Q
!=-===
I

MEMO

MEMO