Global warming (2011)

1. GLOBAL
WARMING
P SE E B
RE NT D Y:
SUPTA SARKAR
CHSCAU-75

2. CONTE NT:
• INTRODUCTION
• FACTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
• GREEN HOUSES GASES
• GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
• CAUSES OF GOBAL WARMING
• CONSEQUENSES
Contd.

3. • Global coolinG
• SoME PoSiTiVE conSEQUEncES
• EFFEcTS
-WorldWidE
-india
• SolUTionS
• conclUSion

4. INTRODUCTION
• The earth’s temperature rises.
• S.Arrhenius, 1896

5. FACTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
• The Earth's surface temperature is at an average of 59°F(‘09).
• IPCC:By the year 2100, the average change could range from
2.5°F to about 10°F.
• It is occurring since the ice ages.
• Effecting began with the Industrial Revolution.

6. • 75% of the increase in the carbon dioxide content is
caused due to fossil fuels.
• NOAA: 1998 to 2007 ranks among the top 25 warmest
years
• 2000-2009 hottest decade on record.
• 2005-warmest year [NASA & NCDC]
Contd..

7. • India is 5th major emitter (env. Minister
report,2009).
• It's too late to stop global warming, but we
can limit it.
“Save earth, Go GREEN”

8. GREEN HOUSE GASES
• The major natural greenhouse gases:
-water vapour causing about 36-70% of
greenhouse effect
-carbon dioxide causing 9-26%;
-methane causing 4-9%, &
-nitrious oxide, which causes 3-7%.
-CFC , which causes 2-3%.
the
Contd.

9. • Kyoto protocol came into action

10. CONTRIBUTION TO CO 2
EMISSION PER YEAR
COUNTRY
China
United States
Russia
India
Japan
% PER YEAR
21.5%
20.2%
5.5%
5.3%
4.6%
Source: Science Reporter (Dec’10)

11. RESEARCH STUDY:
GEOPHYSICAL
RESEARCH

IPCC, [24th Mar.’ 2011]

Climate model [Dec.’ 2010] :

Reducing CO2 concentrations could help
drought caused by global warming.
Source: Down To Earth (April 16-30, 2011)

12. 

Source: IPCC Assessment (2009)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/greenhousegas

13. GREENHOUSE EFFECT
• The temperature rises because the sun’s
heat and light is trapped in the earth’s
atmosphere.
• Example of a closed car in a parking area on
a hot summer day.

15. CAUSES
•
Cutting down of trees:
•
Industries:
•
Transportation:

16. • Electrical pollution
• Household sources:
• Garbage: (landfills.)

17. CONSEQUENCES
Glaciers and Sea Levels
• Melting Glaciers & ice caps
• Sea-Level Rise

20. HealtH
• Deadly Heat Waves
• Bad Air, Allergy and Asthma
• Infectious Disease and Food and
Waterborne Illness Outbreaks

21. Wildlife
• Melting the habitats.
• Extinction of species

22. Weather Patterns
• More Powerful and Dangerous
Hurricanes
• Drought and Wild fire
• Intense Rainstorms

24. 
Conjecture during 1970s

In 2009 the concept gained recognition based on
Global Climate model 1999
-Aerosol
-Orbital forcing
AE
ROSOL
:
-reflecting solar radiation


25. Orbital forcing:
-changes in the tilt of axis & in orbit shape


IPCC: Global cooling heading way by next 30
years

26. Some positive consequences
• Lower mortality in the temperate zones.
• Wood production,
• Agricultural yields in temperate zones,
• Increased water resources

27. EFFECTS:
WARNING SIGNS TODAY
GLACIERS & SEA LEVEL:
• NASA’ 09: melting ice caps at the rate of 9% per
decade.
• Arctic ice thickness has decreased 40% since the
1960s.
• IPCC : sea levels could rise 10 to 23 inches by 2100.
• Melting Greenland’s glacier [ Nature Geoscience
research: March’2011]

28. HEALTH
• In 2003, heat waves in Europe killed 70,000 lives.
• France, 15,000 people died of soaring temperatures
(104° F)
• In July 2006, North America, 140 people died due to
severe heat wave.
• Ground-level ozone smog production caused asthma.

29. WEATHER
• IPCC’ 07: 50 million people could become
"environmental refugees" by 2020.
• NOAA: 2006 had its wettest summer on
record.

30. WILDLIFE
• IPCC’10: About 20-30% of species are at a risk
of extinction if temperature increases by 2.74.5° F more.

31. EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
ON INDIA
• Submerged several low-lying islands in the Sundarban.
• Retreat Himalayan glaciers.
• 1998 coral bleaching in Lakshadweep and the Andaman.
• Over flow from Bangladesh cause
flooding problem.

32. • IPCC: About 7 million people are to be displaced of
parts of Mumbai and Chennai.
• Meghalaya: Cherrapunji and Mawsynram, the wettest
places in the world due to their high rainfall.

33. SOLUTION
• Replacing with a compact fluorescent
Light(CFL) bulb (saves 300pound CO2).
• Cleaning or replacing filters (350 pound CO2).
• Covering pots while cooking
(2.5% GHG).

34. • Planting a tree.
• Protecting & conserving forest worldwide.
• Recycling at home (saves 2400 pound of CO2).

35. • Driving carefully
[ 1 L petrol = 1 kg H2O & 2.17 kg CO2 ]
• Choosing efficient mode of transport
---

36. CONCLUSION

37. “E
ART on F
H
ire...J hands to save our
oin
earth.. H to prevent GL AL W
elp
OB
ARM
ING”