An Introduction About Various Types Of Disease

1. Subject:-Science
Why Do We Fall ill ??

2. Topics To Be Included:-
 Health And Its Failure
 Personal And Community
Questions For Health
 Disease And It Causes
 Means of Spread
 Principles of Treatment
 Principles of
Prevention
Created By:- Aayush

3. Health And Its
Failure

4. Health And Its Failure
 We are familiar with the word
‘health’ which is used frequently all
around us.
 We used the ‘health’ word often for
ourselves and our family members.
 If health is not good then we say
that health is not well.

5. Health And Its Failure
 When the people meet each other
first of all they start conversation,
ask about the well-being of health.
 Thus good health means physical,
mental and social well-being.

6. Personal And
Community
Questions For
Health

7. Personal And Community Questions For
Health
The health of every living depends
on the surrounding environment.
For example during cyclone our
health is at risk in many ways.
It is more important that human
beings live in society because for
their individual health.

8. Personal And Community Questions For
Health
Social environment is an important
factor if we live in the society.
We live in village, town or cities. In
at such place even our physical
environment is dead by our social
environment.

9. Distinction Between
“HEALTHY” And “DISEASE-FREE”
Healthy
1. It is a state of
physical, mental and
social well-being.
2. It refers not only to
the individual but
also its social and
community
environment.
Disease-Free
1. It is a state of
absence of any kind
discomfort or
derangement of
functioning of body.
2. It refers to
individual. A
disease free person
may or may not be
healthy.

10. Disease And It
Causes

11. How To Identify Diseases??
 When there is a disease, either the
functioning or the appearance of one or more
systems of the body will change for the worse.
 Symptoms such as not feeling well, having
cold or cough, having loose motion etc. show
that disease has been caused.
 Doctors diagnose the disease on the basis of
signs and symptoms.
 Physicians will also get laboratory test done to
pinpoint the disease further.

12. Acute Disease And Chronic
Disease
Acute Disease
1. We consider the disease like flu as
acute Disease because it attest start
suddenly and they are fat on the
body; for example cold.
2. The effect of this disease is felt for a
certain period, so there is not a long
term bad effects of it on human body
e.g. Cough, Cold, Typhoid, Cholera

13. Acute Disease And Chronic
Disease
Chronic Disease
1. These are long term diseases.
2. The symptoms of such diseases
are seen for month, year or even
lifetime.
3. The effect of these diseases on
human body are strong and long
term e.g. Elephantiasis, T.B.,
Cancer, Diabetes and Arthritis.

14. Chronic Disease And Poor Health
Acute and Chronic disease have
different effect on our health.
The effect of chronic disease is greater
on general health.
For example think about cough and cold
which we all have from time to time.
We all get well within a week but it will
not leave any bad effect on our body.

15. Chronic Disease And Poor Health
We do not lose our weight,
We don’t feel difficulty in respiration,
We do not feel tired because cough and
cold will get over in a few days but if we
get infected from chronic disease like
tuberculosis of lungs, then we feel tired
all the time and lose our weight.

16. Causes of Disease
A child suffering from loose motion then the
main cause of this disease would be the
infection with a virus.
Where did the virus come from?
We find virus has come from unclean drinking
water.
There is a possibility of lack of proper public
services in the area where this child lives.
So lack of public services become cause.
Now it is obvious that for all the disease
instead of one cause many other causes are
there.

17. Infectious Disease And Non-
Infectious Disease
Infectious Disease
 The reasons of Infectious Diseases
to take place are certain disease
organisms like Virus, Bacteria,
Protozoan and Fungi.
 Infectious Diseases are easily
carried to other persons by some
agents like physical contacts,
water, air, food, and
microorganisms.

18. Infectious Disease And Non-
Infectious Disease
Non-Infectious Disease
 Some diseases are not caused by
agents. For example caused
disease like cancer which is
caused by genetic abnormalities.
 High blood pressure can be
caused by excessive weight and
lack of exercise.

19. Infectious Agents

20. Infectious Agents
Organisms that can cause disease are
found in a wide range of categories of
classification.
Some of them are viruses, some are
bacteria, some are fungi and some are
unicellular protozoan.
The causes of some diseases are
multicellular organisms like various
types of worms. Common cold,
influenza, dengue and AIDS are caused
by viruses.

21. Means of Spread
An airborne disease is any disease that
is caused by pathogen and transmitted
through the air.
Food borne illness or food poisoning is
any illness resulting from the
consumption of food contaminated with
Pathogenic Bacteria, Toxins, Viruses,
Prions or Parasites.

22. Means of Spread
Infectious disease are transmitted
from person to person by indirect or
direct contact.
Malaria, Measles and Respiratory
illnesses are example of infectious
disease.

23. Examples of Means of Spread

24. Examples of Means of Spread

25. Principles of Treatment
 The treatment of infectious disease
consist of two steps. They are to
reduce the effects of the disease
[symptoms] and to kill the microbe
which caused the disease.

26. Principles of Treatment
(i) To reduce the effects of the disease:-This
can be done by taking medicines to bring
down the effects of the disease like fever,
pain or loose motion etc. and by taking bed
rest to conserve our energy.
(ii) To kill the microbes:- This can be done by
taking suitable antibiotics and drugs which
kills the microbes and the disease is cured.

27. Principles of Prevention
For airborne microbes, we can prevent
exposure by providing living conditions
that are not overcrowded.
For water-borne microbes, we can
prevent exposure by providing safe
drinking water.
This can be done by treating water to kill
any microbial contamination.

28. Principles of Prevention
For vector-borne infections e can
provide clean environments. This would
not allow mosquito breeding places.
Thus, public hygiene is one fundamental
key to prevention of infectious diseases.
Along with controlling the external
disease factors, the immunity of the
body should also be developed.

29. Vaccination
Acute disease can be controlled by
vaccination.
Vaccine are available against the
disease like Tetanus, Diphtheria,
Measles, Polio, Rabies, Typhoid and
Hepatitis.
The children should be vaccinated as
per prescribed time and dose.