Big data analytics uses tools like Hadoop and its components HDFS and MapReduce to store and analyze large datasets in a distributed environment. HDFS stores very large data sets reliably and streams them at high speeds, while MapReduce allows developers to write programs that process massive amounts of data in parallel across a distributed cluster. Other concepts discussed in the document include data preparation, visualization, hypothesis testing, and deductive vs inductive reasoning as they relate to big data analytics. The document aims to introduce readers to big data analytics using Hadoop and suggests the audience as data analysts, scientists, database managers, and consultants.