This document discusses regenerative endodontics and its potential to regenerate dental tissues. It defines key concepts like stem cells, growth factors, and scaffolds that are important components of tissue engineering approaches. Various types of dental stem cells and growth factors are described. The document outlines regenerative endodontic procedures and notes advantages in saving teeth, while also acknowledging limitations like the pulp's blood supply. It concludes that regenerative procedures are promising for dental reconstruction but require more research to increase predictability.
2. INTRODUCTION
• There is a high rate of success in retention of teeth by endodontic therapy but
many teeth are not restorable because of apical resorption, fracture, incompletely
formed roots or carious destruction of coronal structures.
• A novel approach to restore tooth structure is based on biology i.e. regenerative
endodontic procedures by the
application of tissue engineering.
• Regenerative endodontics was
founded by Dr. Nygaard- Ostby in
1960s.
3. OBJECTIVES
• The goal of Regenerative Dentistry is to induce biologic replacement
of dental tissues and their supporting structures.
DEFINITION
• According to American Association of Endodontists, regenerative
endodontic therapy has been defined as “biologically based
procedures designed to replace damaged structures, including
dentin and root structures, as well as cells of the pulp-dentin
complex’’.
TISSUE ENGINEERING is an emerging
multidisciplinary field that applies the principles of
engineering and life sciences for the development of
biological substitutes that can restore, enhance or improve
tissue function.
5. STEM CELLS
Stem cells are
undifferentiated cells
which have the capability
to produce cells of the
same type or more
differentiated cells.
DEFINITION
CLASSIFICATION
7. GROWTH
FACTORS
DEFINITION:
Growth factors are polypeptides
which have the ability to bind to
specific receptors on the target
cells (in this case the stem cells
and other pulpal cells) and
modulate or facilitate certain
activities like migration,
proliferation, differentiation, and
apoptosis .
DIFFERENT TYPES:
• Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)
• Platelet derived growth factor
(PDGF)
• Transforming growth factor (TGF)
• Fibroblast growth factors (FGF)
• Insulin like growth factors (IGF)
• Nerve growth factor (NGF)
• Vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF)
FGF TGF BMPs
8. SCAFFOLDS
A scaffold denotes a temporary platform for
repairing or erecting a building. In a similar
manner, all multicellular living organisms have
natural scaffolds that surround the cells and
provide structural support for formation and
maintenance of tissues and organs.
Natural scaffolds Synthetic scaffolds
Collagen
Platelet rich plasma
Fibrin
Glycosaminoglycans
Polylactic acid (PLA),
Polyglycolic acid (PGA),
Polycaprolactone (PCL).
Polyethyleneglycol (PEG)
HYDROXYAPETITE
COLLAGEN 3- D HYDROGEL
11. It has the potential for regenerating both pulp
and dentin tissues. Thus, may offer an
alternative method to save teeth that may
have compromised structural integrity.
The possibility of pulp tissue regeneration is
restricted by several factors, like, the dental
pulp has minimal collateral blood supply,
impairing the ability of the immune system to
combat infections.
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
Shah and Logani: Sealbio: Non-obturation endodontic treatment:Journal of Conservative Dentistry | Oct-Dec 2012 |Vol 15| Issue 4
12. CONCLUSION
• Regenerative endodontic procedures have proven to be an
invaluable tool for teeth .
• Research needs to be done in many areas so as to make the
regenerative procedures more predictable.
• Nevertheless, the applicability of stem cells and biomaterial
sciences for dental reconstruction cannot be understated and
offers a promising future.
13. MY SINCERE GRATITUDE TO-
• Dr. Debaprasad Das- Professor & Head of the department
• Dr. Anirban Bhattacharyya- Professor
• Dr. Asim Bikash Maity- Reader
• Dr. Sourabh Bhattacharyya- Lecturer
• Dr. Sanhita Goswami- Lecturer
• My Senior PGTs
