10. How do Arthropods feed and digest?
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Complete gut with regional specialization.
Foregut - food intake, transport, storage,
mechanical digestion (jaws ا
ﻟ
ﻔ
ﻛ
و
ك , pharynx ا
ﻟ
ﺑ
ﻠ
ﻌ
و
م ,
gizzard ا
ﻟ
ﻘ
ﺎ
ﻧ
ﺻ
ﮫ ).
Midgut ا
ﻟ
ﻣ
ﻌ
ﻰ
ا
ﻻ
و
ﺳ
ط - extracellular digestion,
nutrient uptake (cecae ا
ﻻ
ﻋ
و
ر , digestive gland ا
ﻟ
ﻐ
د
ة
ا
ﻟ
ﮭ
ﺎ
ﺿ
ﻣ
ﺔ , hepatopancreas).
Hindgut - excretion of undigested material, water
reabsorption.
Digestive ا
ﻟ
ﺟ
ﮭ
ﺎ
ز
ا
ﻟ
ﮭ
ﺿ
ﻣ
ﻲ - complex and
complete, mouthparts and gut
modified for food source.
Mouthparts modified and adapted for
different types of feeding biting,
sucking, piercing .
11. Heart à arteries à hemocoel à collecting vessels
à pericardium à ostia à heart
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Circulatory System ا
ﻟ
د
و
ر
ة
ا
ﻟ
د
ﻣ
و
ﯾ
ﮫ
ﻣ
ﻔ
ﺗ
و
ﺣ
ﮫ
Open circulation, heartcirculatory
system is open and dorsal (back).
Circulatory- open with dorsal heart;
Circulatory System ا
ﻟ
ﺟ
ﮭ
ﺎ
ز
ا
ﻟ
د
و
ر
ي
Open Circulatory System
12. How Do Arthropods Maintain Homeostasis?
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Circulation and respiration
Respiratory structures depend on
habitat.
Gills in aquatic animals.
13. Excretion ا
ﻹ
ﺧ
ر
ا
ج
• The Malphigian Tubules ا
ﻧ
ﺎ
ﺑ
ﯾ
ب
ﻣ
ﻠ
ﺑ
ﯾ
ﺟ
ﻲ in
Arthropods collect nitrogenous wastes
in the tubules from blood
• Wastes are concentrated (like a kidney
does.)
• Excreted out anus
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Excretory system
Malphigian tubules outpocketing
of digestive tract outpocketing of
digestive trac
Excretory - coxal glands ﻏ
د
د
ﺣ
ر
ﻗ
ﻔ
ﯾ
ﮫ ;
green glands ا
ﻟ
ﻐ
د
د
ا
ﻟ
ﺧ
ﺿ
ر
ا
ء ;
Malpighian ا
ﻧ
ﺎ
ﺑ
ﯾ
ب
ﻣ
ﻠ
ﺑ
ﯾ
ﺟ
ﻲ tubules
Antennal and maxillary glands in
crustaceans. Produce ammonia
with some urea and uric acid.
Malpighian tubules in arachnids and
insects. Blind tubes extend into
hemocoel and empty into gut. Produce
uric acid.
14. “Brain” is 2-3 ganglia
with specific
functions.
Ganglionated ventral
nerve cord.
How do Arthropods support themselves and move?
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Sense organs (sensilla) protrude out of cuticle.
Can be slit in cuticle.
Membranous drums.
Chemoreceptors with thin cuticle.
w Nervous- Dorsal brain; ventral double
nerve cord with ganglia each segment;
most behavior innate.
o Ventral nerve cord, ganglia, cerebral
gangliaHighly developed nervous/sensory
system
– brain, nerve cords, segmental ganglia
– chemoreceptors
– Photoreceptors
15. Sensory Adaptations
• Well developed nervous system
Compound eyes with many lenses give
Mosaic Vision or multi-images
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The Compound Eye
16. How do Arthropods support themselves and move?
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Each segment bound by four plates - dorsal tergite, ventral
sternite, and two lateral pleurites.
Muscle bands attach to apodemes.
18. INSECTS
There are two general types of metamorphosis: incomplete
and complete
1. Incomplete Metamorphosis – Hemimetabolous
2. Early developmental stages are very similar to the adults
Only the wings and the reproductive structures gradually
develop
The immature stages are called nymphs
Thus development is egg----> nymph ----> adult
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20. 2. Complete Metamorphosis – Holometabolous
• Each of the developmental stages is structurally and
functionally very different
• The egg develops into an immature larva, that eats
voraciously
• Larvae then forms a
transitional stage called the
pupa, that is often contained
within cocoon
• Within the pupal exoskeleton
a metamorphosis takes place
and emerging from the cocoon
is a sexually mature adult
insect
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22. Crustaceans
• The typical larva hatching from the egg is the nauplius larva
• It has three pairs of appendages: antennules, antennae, and
mandibles; all of which tend to have a locomotor function
• The larvae undergoes several ecdyses and usually adds somites
and appendages with each molt
• Crustaceans vary widely in their developmental patterns
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Diversity in Crustacean
Development
23. Mites and Ticks
• After the eggs there is usually an immature nymph, which is a
tiny version of the adult
• The number of nymphal instars depends on the group in question
• Among the mites a six-legged larva becomes an eight-legged
nymph after the first molt
• Most mites have 3 nymphal instars: protonymph, deuteronymph,
and tritonymph
Drawing of bulb mite development stages
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27. Pereopods, or
walking legs
Pleopods, or
swimming legs
Thorax segments
Abdomen
telson
Body Of 19 Segments: Head, 5 Thorax, 8 Abdomen, 6 + Telson (Tail)
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Class
Malacostraca
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRULKv9W6DM