2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
SINGLE CELL PROTEIN
MICROORGANISMS
BASIC STEPS OF SCP PRODUCTION
ALGAE AS SCP
BACTERIA AS SCP
FUNGAL SCP
YEAST SCP
3. INTRODUCTION
Single cell proteins is the dried biomass of
a single species of microbe that can be
used as a protein source in the diet, is
known as single cell protein.
Biomass of certain algae, some fungi and
some bacteria are used as single cell
proteins.
6. MICROORGANISMS USED IN SCP PRODUCTION
MUST BE 1. NON PATHOGENIC
2. GOOD NUTRITIONAL VALUE
3. EASILY AND CHEAPLY PRODUCED ON SCALE
4. TOXIN FREE
5. FAST GROWING
6. EASY TO SEPARATE FROM MEDIUM
9. ALGAE AS SCP Microalgae such as Spirulina, Chlorella,
Scenedesmus, Dunaliella etc are
consumed as Single Cell Protein.
Algal SCP has about 60% crude protein.
They are suitable for animal feeds or
protein rich supplements.
10. SPIRULINA
Spirulina is a spirally
coiled, multicellular,
filamentous blue
green algae.
Found in freshwater.
Brackishwater,
marine waters.
Biomass is a rich
source of protein,
vitamins, minerals
and beta carotene
11. MASS CULTURE OF SPIRULINA
Cultured in large scales in artificial ponds,
tanks, oxidation ponds.
Three methods of
culturing
1.Open circulatory system.
2.oxidation pond system.
3.photobioreactors(PBR).
12. 1. OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Man-made open tank.
May be circular or rectangular.
Medium is filled in the open circulatory
tank.
Tank is inoculated with small volume of
Spirulina.
Culture is stirred continuously
Spirulina grow rapidly.
13. 2.OXIDATION POND SYSTEM
All solid wastes and suspended particles
are removed from the sewage.
Sewage water allowed to flow in to an
oxidation pond.
Spirulina culture is inoculated.
Spirulina produce dense mat on the
surface of sewage water.
Biomass is harvested.
14. 3. PHOTOBIOREACTORS(PBRs) These are transparent tubes or
containers.
PBRs provide more controlled
environment for better growth.
PBRs offers the following advantages:-
Easy maintenance of the algal culture.
Protection from contaminations.
Avoidance of water loss.
Low cost of production.
15. USES
As health food.
As therapeutic agent.
As a supplement animal feed.
As a raw material for cosmetics.
USES
16. BACTERIA
Dried biomass of some bacteria is rich in
protein.
They can be grown in cheap renewable
raw material and wastes.
For ex:- Candida utilis,
Candida lipolytica,
Methylophilus methylotrophus,
Cellulomonas etc are consumed as protein
sources.
17. MASS PRODUCTION OF BACTERIAL SCP 1.FORMULATION OF MEDIUM:-
Bacterial cells require a suitable carbon
source, P,K, Na,H2 and trace element for their
growth.
Other nutrients are added to it.
And dilute properly to formulate culture medium.
20. FUNGI AS SCP A few yeast or moulds are being used as
SCP.
Fungi grow rapidly on wide variety of
cheap raw materials.
Less amount of nucleic acid.
Digestibility and acceptability of fungal
protein is high.
FUNGAL AS SCP
21. YEASTS
Many yeast are consumed as SCP.
Ex. Saccharomyces fragilis,
Candida utilis,
Candida lipolytica,
Rodotorula glutinis,
Torulopsis.
22. MASS CULTURE Can be grown by fed batch fermentation.
Addition of inorganic materials such as
N,P,K,Fe,Mg,AND S.
Diluted with water and sterilization of
medium.
Medium is filled in fermenter.
Inoculation of yeast.
Sterile air is pumped.
Broth is harvested.