Management of natural resources for Class X CBSE. Alongwith measures taken by government.

1. MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL
RESOURCES
Sironntioi

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
01 DIFFERENT RESOURCES
02 TYPES OF NATURAL REASOURCE
03 THE 3 IR's
04 NEED FOR MANAGEMENT
05 FORESTS
06 WILDLIFE
07 WATER
08 DAMS
09 DIFFERENT METHOD OF WATER
O HARVESTING
10 RAINWATER HARVESTING
11 COAL AND PETROLEUM
12 MEASURES BY GOVERMENT
13 CONCLUSIONS

3. DIFFERENT
RESOURCES

4. TYPES OF NATURAL
RESOURCES
Natural resources :-
Natural resources are the resources available in a nature
like air,water, sunlight, soil, minerals, forests, wild life
etc. Natural resources are of two main types. They are
renewable and non-renewable natural resources.
i) Renewable natural resources :-
Those resources which can be replenished in a short
period of time like air,water, sunlight, forests etc.
ii) Non-renewable natural resources :-
Those resourceswhich cannot be replenished in a short
period of time like minerals (coal, petroleum, natural
o gas, metals etc.) becausethey take millions of years to
be formed. Human activities produce a lot of waste
materials which are thrown away into the environment.
These wastes cause pollution of natural resources like
air,water and soil.

5. it(iai So'ar Energy
RENEWABLE
RESOURCES
Renewable energy
Biomass Eneroy
Geothermal Energy
NON-RENEWABLE
RESOURCES

6. The Three R's to save the environment :-
The three R'sto save the environment are Reduce, Recycle and
i) Reduce :- means using less of natural resources and avoiding
wastage of natural resources.
ii) Recycle :- meansthe materials like paper,plastic, glass, metals
etc used for makingthings can again be used for making new
things instead of synthesizing or extracting new paper,plastic,
glass or metals.
O iii) Reuse :- means usingthings again and again likethe plastic
bottles in which we buyjams, pickles etc can be again used for
storing things in the kitchen.
Reduce
Do you really
need to print that
document?
Save Instead of
pnnttng
Pnnt 2-slded.
fie printers in the
library are defaulted to
print2.sided greyscpie
Reuse
Printed something
in error, or no
longer need it?
Share your print-outs
when you re done
Withthem
Recycle
No longer need that
printing?
No blank sides for
scrap?
Use the
recycling bins
in the library
se old pnnt-outsfor Y
scrap paper

7. Need for management of natural resources :-
All the things we use and consume are obtained from natural
resources. Due to increase in population, industrialisationand
urbanisation the demand for natural resourcesis increasing and
their availability is limited . So there is a needfor proper
management of natural resources.
The proper managementof natural resourcesconsists of :-
i) Judicious use of natural resourcesand avoidingwastage of
natural resources.
ii) Long term planning for the use of natural resourcesso that it
last not only for the present but also for future generations.
iii) The exploitation of natural resourcesshould not be for the
benefit of a few people but should be distributed equally for all.
iv) While extracting and using natural resourceswe should also
plan for the safe disposal of wastes so that no damage is caused
to the environment.

8. Forests :-
a) Importance of forests :-
i) Forests help to preserve biodiversity.
ii) Forestsare natural habitats of plants and animals.
iii) Forestsprovidetimber,wood, fuel, medicines, fodder, etc.
iv) Forestshelpto maintainecological balance. v) Forests help
to control climate and rainfall.
vi) Forestshelp to preventsoil erosion and controls floods.
vii) Forestshelpto maintainthe oxygen—carbon
dioxide
balance in nature.
b) Stake holders of forests :-
Peoplewho are associatedwith forests directly or indirectly
are :-
i) People living in and around forests depend on forests for
their livelihood.
ii) Industrialistswho usethe raw materialsfrom forests for
manufacturing paper,medicines, furniture etc.
iii) ForestDepartmentof the Government who owns the
forests and controlsthe resources from the forests.
iv) Natureand wild lifeorganisationswho want to conserve
O and preserveforests.

9. c) Conservation of forests
Forests can be conserved by
i) Afforestation —planting of more trees.
ii) Preventing or reducing deforestation.
iii) Preventing over grazing by cattle.
iv) By setting up wildlife sanctuaries, national parks,
biosphere reserves etc.
v) Undertaking social forestry programs like Van Mahotsav,
Chipko movementfor planting and protectingtrees on a large
scale.

10. Wildlife :-
a) Importance of wildlife :-
i) Wildlife helps to preserve biodiversity.
ii) Wildlife helps to maintain food chains and food web.
iii) We get useful products from wildlife like food, medicines,
leather, bones, honey, lac etc.
b) Conservation of wildlife :-
i) Preserving the natural habitats of animals
. ii) Banning poaching of animals.
iii) Protecting endangered species of animals. iv) Setting up of
wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves etc.
STOPPING
EXT tNC O N
Conservation

11. Water :-
a) Uses of water :-
Wateris a basic necessityfor all livingthings. We use water
for our daily needs, for agriculture, transportation,
constructionof buildings,roads,dams etc. Water is a natural
habitatfor aquatic organisms. Human activities are affecting
the availabilityof water and causing pollution of water bodies.
b) Dams :-
Advantages of dams :-
i) Irrigationof crops.
O ii) Producing electricity.
iii) Supplying water to towns and cities.
iv) To control floods.
Disadvantagesof dams :-
i) Social problems:- It displacesa large number of people who
have to be rehabilitated.
ii) Economic problems :- It is expensive and uses a huge
amount of public money.
iii) Environmental roblems :- It causes deforestation and loss
of biodiversity.
4)

12. Dams

13. c) Water harvesting (Rain water harvesting) :-
Water harvesting is collecting and storing rain water for
future use. The common methods of water harvesting are :-
i) Digging pits, ponds, lakes etc.
ii) Building small earthen dams or concrete check dams.
iii) Construction of dykes.
iv) Construction of reservoirs.
v) Construction of rooftop collecting units in houses.
d) Advantages of undergroundwater :-
i) It does not evaporateeasily.
ii) It spreads out and rechargeswells.
iii) It provides moisturefor irrigationof crops.
iv) It does not get pollutedeasily.
v) It does not provide breedingground for mosquitoesand
houseflies.
/ü

14. Different Method of Water Harvesting

15. Rain Water Harvesting
Tank
wc
Garden Garden
Pump
Car Wash
Rainwater
Harvesting

16. Water-HarvestinqMethods
Micro-
catchment
On-farm Rooftop
systems systems
dal
Small
Macro.
catchment and
floodwater
methods
Wadl.bed Of-wadi
systems Systems
Small
Large bunds.
a I-Imao
Cisterns
condugte;
4. Waterstorage tank
The water is then supplied to
fiats. which can be used for
domesticpurposes
3. Collection tank
Afittedsensor then "t ia
sends the water to the
tank Locatedon the
terrace
2
2
Z. Suction tank
A placed the
&aes
ofimpurit•s
ater inlet
on the
makes its
n a pipe

17. Coal and petroleum
Coal and petroleum are fossil fuels formed by the decomposition
of dead plants and animals inside the earth after several millions
of years. They are non-renewable sources of energy.
Petroleum reserves may last for about 40 years and coal reserves
may last for about 200 years.
Coal and petroleum contain carbon, hydrogen,nitrogen and
sulphur.
When they are burnt, they release carbon dioxide and oxides of
o nitrogen and sulphur.Carbon dioxide is a green house gas which
causes global warming.
Oxides of nitrogen and sulphur combines with moisture in the air
and produces acid rain.
*MINING INDUSTRY*

18. Measure taken by Government of India
1. Nagar Van Udyan Scheme
There have been multiplestudies that prove that spending
more time with nature improves quality of life and therefore this
new scheme by the Ministryof Environment, Forest and
Climate mightjust be perfect.Open spaces, especially green
areas are often hard to find in big cities because of the lack of
space. People are restrictedto theirhomes and have to go out
of their way to encounter nature.
O However,the 'Naqar Van Udyan' scheme aims to createat
least one forest in each city having a municipal corporationto
provide a "wholesome natural environment"for recreation and
for the growthof smart, clean, green and sustainable cities.
This scheme notonly plans on creating an open space for
recreation but also aims to educate the public about India's
wide variety of biodiversityby labeling plants and puttingup
wooden planks to identifydifferentspecies.
Some of the objectives of the initiativeare to create 200 city
forests in the country which will help towards creating
awareness about the environment, provide health benefits to
O citizens and make cities' climate resilient.

19. 2. Waste Manaqementunder Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan
Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan is a mass movementofcleanliness
thatwas launched by Prime MinisterNarendra Modiin 2014.
He hoped to develop a sense of responsibilityamong the
people to achieve MahatmaGandhi's aim of a clean India. One
of the initiativesthatwas taken up underthis mass movement
was to amend and improvethe waste management rules of the
country in order reduce the amount of waste produced and
improvethe process ofwaste management.
These rules were finally revamped in 2016 to fitthe objective
O ofSwachh Bharat.
The main objective of the rules is to effectivelyrecover
resources for utilisationthrough recycling and generate income
and employment in the process. Some ofthe features of
these rules are mandatorysegregation ofwaste, a 'spotfine'
introduced for litteringand jobs created by introducingthe
integrationofwaste pickers and waste dealers by State
Governments.
O

20. 3. Pro•ectTi er
Project Tiqer was introducedin 1973 to improve the
diminishingnumbersoftigers in India. It is an ongoing scheme
sponsored by the Ministryof Environment, Forest and Climate
change and provides assistance to the tiger states for
tiger conservation.
The objectives of this project include protection,habitat
restoration,day to day monitoring,eco-development for local
people in bufferareas, voluntaryrelocationof people from main
tiger habitats,and addressing human-wildlifeconflicts, under
O theWildlife(Protection)
Act, 1972.The projecthas seen
successful as the numbers oftigers went up from 1,710 in 2011
to 2,226 in 2014.
This is probablyone ofthe most successful environmental
projects by the government. In the words of Prime Minister,
Narendra Modi,"Tigerconservation is not a choice but an
imperative."

21. for Future MFF
Mangroves are areas of shrubs or small trees that usually grow
in brackish water,They are importantbecause they protectthe
coastal areas fromerosion, stormsurges and tsunamis. They
are also home to a wide variety offlora and faunaxwhichwill
perish if they are destroyed. Mangroves are found In a lotof
places in India butthe largest mangrove forest in India is the
Sundarbans in West Bengal.
Manqroves for the Future initiative
is a multi-country
Initiative
coordinated by the InternationalUnion for Conservation of
O Nature, IUCN covering, initially,six tsunami-affectedcountries
namely, India, Indonesia, Maldives,Seychelles, Srilanka and
Thailand.
The National Coordination Body of India was constitutedunder
this project to overlook the projectactivities in the country.The
government has recognised 42 sites and fourcoral reefs in
need of restorationand has set aside Rs 11.37croreforthe
same. Due to the implementationof the project,mangroves
have increased by morethan 100 sq kms in the last few years.

22. 5. National Wetland Conservation Programme
Wetlands are small areas of shallow water that occur where the
watertable is at or near the surface. They are associated with a
wide variety of animal and plant life and provide numerous
ecological services.
The NationalWetlandConservation proqramme is a
Government of India initiative.Till date, the programme has
identified 115wetlands around the country that are in need of
urgent conservation and management. The project aims to
conserve and promoteawareness aboutthewise use wetlands
O in the country in order to prevent furtherdegradation.

23. 6. Green Skill DevelopmentProgramme
The Ministryof Environment,Forest and Climate change
launchedthe Green Skill Development Proqramme in June
2017. Green skills include conserving and protectingthe green
of nature alongside creating awareness among the youth to
developskills and gain experience. In May2018, duringthe
launch ofthe GSDP mobileapp, Harsh Vardhan, the Union
Ministerfor Environment, forest, and climate change said that
2.25 lakh people will be employed through GSDP by the next
year and about five lakh will be employed by 2021.
The Ministryof Environment,Forest and Climate change
implementedthe NationalRiver Conservation Proqramme, sub-
schemes of Conservation of Natural Resources and
Ecosystems, Green India Mission and NationalAfforestation
Proqramme, NationalCoastal Manaqement
Proqramme, NationalMissionon Himalayan Studies under
Climate Chanqe Proqram underthe Central Sector & Centrally
Sponsored Schemes of Government of India.
o