Vaccine Technology

1. Vaccine technology
CELL ENGINEERING COURSE
SHASHIKA JANITH LIYANAGE
BIO ENGINEERING

2. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 2
vaccine & vaccination
Vaccination is the
administration of a
vaccine to help the
immune system
develop protection
from a disease.
biological preparation
containing usually killed or
weakened
microorganisms/antigens/re
ady made antibodies (as
bacteria or viruses) that is
given usually by injection to
increase protection against a
particular disease

3. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 3
Vaccine administration

4. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 4
Vaccine activate our
acquired immunity with
artificial immunization
Killed or inactivated pathogens:- bacteria,
virus
Microbial subunits
Inactivated toxins/toxoids
Ready made antibodies

5. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 5
Types of vaccines
Live attenuated /LAV
Inactivated /killed antigens
Microbial subunits
Inactivated toxins /toxoids

6. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 6
Live attenuated vaccines
contain a version of the living
virus that has been weakened
so that it does not cause serious
disease in people with healthy
immune systems.
Ex:- the measles, mumps, and
rubella vaccine (MMR) and
varicella (chickenpox) vaccines.
people with
weakened
immune
systems
there is a risk the
pathogen could get
stronger and cause
sickness.
Live attenuated vaccines

7. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 7
Inactivated vaccines
consisting of virus
particles, bacteria,
or other pathogens
that have been
grown in culture
and then lose
disease producing
capacity.
It is not so strong
and long lived
immunity response
Good stability
No risk of making
infections.
Viral: polio vaccine (Salk
vaccine) and influenza,
Rabies ,hepatitis vaccines
Bacterial: typhoid vaccine,
cholera vaccine, plague
vaccine, and pertussis
vaccine

8. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 8
Inactivated vaccines : viral vaccines

9. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 9
Subunit vaccines
Vaccines with minimal
microbial components.
Polysaccharides
Proteins
Conjugate molecules
It is not so strong and long
lasting immunity response..
No risk of inducing diseases..

10. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 10
Toxoid vaccines
toxoid vaccines are
made from a toxin
whose toxicity has been
suppressed either by
chemical or heat
treatment, while other
properties, typically
immunogenicity, are
maintained.
Is not so immunogenic.
Need adjuvants.
Safe and good stability.

11. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 11
DNA / RNA vaccines
injection with
genetically engineered
plasmid containing the
DNA sequence
encoding the antigen
against which an
immune response is
sought
T-cell responses that may kill
targeted cancerous cells or cells
infected by the targeted virus or
bacteria. DNA vaccines may
therefore also be used as a
therapeutic to treat existing
disease.
Replicating/non
replicating vector..
Sv40,CMV
promoters

12. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 12
DNA / RNA vaccines
providing acquired
immunity through an
RNA containing vector,
such as lipid
nanoparticles.
mRNA strand is used
as codes of specific
antigen.

13. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 13

14. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 14

15. VACCINE TECHNOLOGY 15
COVID 19 VACCINE
 When a disease is new, there is
no vaccine until one is
developed. It can take a number
of years for a new vaccine to be
developed.
 Now there are several types of
vaccines for COVID 19.

16. Thank You!