1. What our hotline workers should know
Presented by: Shannon Farley

2. Why it matters to us
 Basic human rights violation
 Recent raid in Powell, Worthington, Columbus
 Increased awareness in our community
 Front page of the 2-1-1.org website

3. Mission and Goals of HelpLine
 Mission: “…address the emotional, financial, and
information needs of the community.”
 Core Values
 Service to Community
 Caring and Respect- value, dignity, and diversity of all
people
 Excellence- highest standard of quality, integrity, and
ethics of confidentiality, fairness, and non-judgemental
approach
 Education
 Volunteerism

4. What is human trafficking?
 Modern day slavery
 Exploitation of a human being for commercial sex or
labor purposes
 “an issue within an issue, within an issue”
 Second largest and fastest growing criminal industry
in the world
 Estimated $32 billion industry, with $10 billion coming
from the U.S. alone

6. Federal Law:
Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) 2000
 Sex Trafficking: “the recruitment, harboring,
transportation, or obtaining of a person” for the
purpose of a commercial sex act, in which a
commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud or
coercion, or in which the person forced to perform
such an act is under the age of 18
 Labor Trafficking:”…” for labor or services, through the
use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of
subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt
bondage or slavery

7. Ohio’s AHT Laws- HB 130
 Tiered definition
 For minors under the age of 16, law enforcement officials do not
need to prove that the minor was compelled to engage in
commercial sexual activity. ORC 2905.32 (A)(2)
 For 16-17 year olds, law enforcement officials do not need to
prove that the minor was compelled to engage in commercial
sexual activity if the trafficker is in a “position of authority” over
the victim (as defined in section 2907.03 of the ORC, which
includes parents or persons acting in loco parentis, teachers,
coaches, and others). ORC 2905.32 (A)(3)
 For people with developmental disabilities, law enforcement
officials do not need to prove that the person was compelled to
engage in commercial sexual activity. ORC 2905.32 (A)(2)

8. Force
 Force=physical
 most powerful and obvious control mechanism
Examples include:
 kidnapping
 rape (including gang rape)
 physical and sexual assault, including against family and friends.
 restraint
 confinement, isolation
 torture, mutilation, starvation
 forced/intentional drug addiction
 murder

9. Fraud
 Fraud= bait & switch
 False promises of love, marriage, employment, etc.
 Debt bondage

10. Coercion
 Coercion=mental or psychological manipulations to
control an individual
 Threats (hurting the individual, family, friends, pets,
etc.)
 Any scheme, plan, or pattern intended to create the
belief that a person will have restraint used against
them (always carrying/ flashing weapon)
 the abuse or threatened abuse of legal process to
prevent them from seeking help

11. Human Trafficking
Sex Trafficking
Prostitution
Pornography
Stripping
Lap Dancing
Live-Sex Shows
Mail-Order Brides
Child Brides
Labor Trafficking
Domestic Servitude
Sweat Shops/ Factories
Begging
Agricultural Work
Mining
Brick Kilns
Child Soldiers

12. Who are the traffickers?
 Not the stereotypical old, creepy guy- usually buyers
 Organized crime (i.e. gang members)
 Families
 Business owners
 Friends
 Neighbors
 Masters of deception & vulnerability

13. Where does this happen?
 Truck stops
 Motels/ hotels
 Casinos
 Internet (backpage.com)
 Homes, apartments, condos
 Brothels
 massage parlors
What do these all usually have in common?
 Large number of unattached and transient males in
community (i.e. military personnel, truckers,
conventioneers, sports fans)

14. Where do traffickers recruit?
 Streets
 Friends
 Corner stores
 Malls (Polaris mall!)
 Juvenile justice centers
 Homes
 Schools
 Social media/ internet
 Recruiter can be male, female, young or old

15. When?

16. Vulnerability Factors- Why?
 Runaway children- 1 in 3 will be approached by
someone who will exploit them in 48 hrs. or less
 Homelessness
 Poverty
 Prior history of child sexual abuse and assault
 Gang membership/ affiliations
 Promotion of prostitution by parents, older siblings,
and/or boyfriends
 Addiction to drugs or alcohol

17. How do they recruit? Grooming Process.
 Stage 1: Target Victim- size up vulnerabilities
(emotional neediness, isolation, low self-confidence,
less parental oversight, young, desperate, easily
manipulated, homeless, immigrant, impoverished)
 Stage 2: Gain Victim’s Trust- know needs and how to
fulfill, generate warm attention, often the development
of a “boyfriend” relationship, sometimes business-
based relationship

18. Grooming Process (con’d)
 Stage 3: Filling a need- gifts, extra attention, affection,
flattery
 Stage 4: Isolation- get them alone (i.e. take a trip)
 Stage 5: Exploit relationship (usually progressive)
 Stage 6: Maintaining control- force, coercion, secrecy,
blame, addiction, “House rules” (i.e. quotas, how to
interact with trafficker and johns, recruiting others,
fake identity, cover story, etc.)

19. Another way of looking at the grooming
process… from a pimp’s perspective
 “You’ll start to dress her, think for her, own her. If you
and your victim are sexually active, slow it down. After
sex, take her shopping for one item. Hair and/or nails is
fine. She’ll develop a feeling of accomplishment. The
shopping after a month will be replaced with cash. The
love making turns into raw sex. She’ll start to crave the
intimacy and be willing to get back into your good
graces. After you have broken her spirit, she has no
sense of self value. Now pimp, put a price tag on
the item you have manufactured.”
Quoted from “The Pimp Game” Slide borrowed from Dr. Jeffrey Barrows, Executive Director, Gracehaven.

20. Ohio!?
 Toledo- “top US recruitment city for trafficking children into sex
industry”
 Extensive highway system- within day’s drive to major cities
(Indianapolis, Chicago, Washington DC, New York, Cleveland,
Cincinnati, Detroit, Nashville, Pittsburgh, Toronto, etc.)
 Proximity to Canada- buying and selling sex is legal
 Columbus International Airport
 Most truck stops in nation
 Lake Erie
 5th most strip clubs in nation
 Poverty
 Conservative Estimate: At least 6,316 Ohioans are at risk of being
trafficked and 1,861 are believed to be trafficked in Ohio today.

21. Delaware!!??
 Powell massage parlor, Polaris Mall, restaurant, &
hotel
 Since April 2014, 40 victims have been served at the
Safe House in Delaware
 "This indictment reveals that
human trafficking is not always a
big city crime - it also happens in
Delaware County," said Delaware
County Prosecutor Carol O'Brien.

22. Needs of victims
 Safety
 Housing
 Counseling
 Case Management
 Education
 Workforce Development Training
 AOD treatment
 Basic needs (food, clothing)
 Trauma treatment
 Legal advocacy
 Spiritual
 Life skills
*** wrap around services are crucial!

23. Barriers & Complications
 Watched, escorted, guarded by traffickers
 “coached” stories and/or answers to certain questions
 Unaware that HT is a crime
 Loyalty & trauma bond to trafficker
 Learned mistrust of law enforcement and service
providers
 Language
 Isolation
 Fear

24. Communicating with victims
 Build trust, rapport
 Isolate if necessary (from trafficker or others)
 Confidentiality
 “trafficking victim” has no meaning to them, not going to
identify with it
 Active listening
 Judgment free
 “I believe you.” “It’s not your fault.”
 “I know there are people out there that care and want to
help you.”
 Similar to DV and SA

25. If you suspect a caller is a victim…
 Ask the right questions! Safety first, then explore for
elements of force, fraud, and coercion. See assessment for
example questions.
 Get an idea of where they are as far as leaving, what
resources they want/ need, what was the purpose of their
call?
 Meet them where they are, understand leaving may not be
the best or safest option at this point.
 Make applicable resources available to them
 If someone is calling to report a tip, direct them to the
Central OH hotline. Ask for as many details as possible
(descriptions, license plate #’s, names, location, etc.)

26. Resources to know about
 Hotline #’s:
 614-285-4357 (Central Ohio Rescue and Restore,
translators/interpreters available)
 1-888-3737-888 National Hotline manned by Polaris Project
 The Well- drop in center for sexually exploited women, group therapy,
Tuesdays from noon to 5pm at the Salvation Army in downtown
Columbus (966 E. Main Street)
 If they are interested in leaving there is a Safe House located in
Delaware County (serves surrounding counties as well), manned by SA
 Both of above resources should be accessed through the CORRC
hotline, which is in taxonomy.
 SA focuses on adult victims, Gracehaven (which was not in taxonomy)
serves minors, but I believe they can be accessed through that hotline
as well.

27. Red Flags
 Mental, physical, sexual abuse
 Cannot or will not speak on own behalf (scripted)
 Appears to be controlled by another
 Heightened sense of fear or distrust of authority- esp. law enforcement
 Any mention of pimp, daddy, significantly older boyfriend
 Lying about age, false ID
 Excess cash
 Hotel room key
 Flashy, new items
 Over sexualized behavior
 Not sure of location or whereabouts
 History of abortions, STI’s, fertility issues
 Pregnancy- fear of consequences
 Tattoo branding

28. Signs to look for
Common Work and Living Conditions:
 Is not free to leave or come and go as he/she wishes
 Is in the commercial sex industry and has a pimp / manager
 Is unpaid, paid very little, or paid only through tips
 Works excessively long and/or unusual hours
 Is not allowed breaks or suffers under unusual restrictions at
work
 Owes a large debt and is unable to pay it off
 Was recruited through false promises concerning the nature and
conditions of his/her work
 High security measures exist in the work and/or living locations
(e.g. opaque windows, boarded up windows, bars on windows,
barbed wire, security cameras, etc.)

29. Signs to look for- (con’d)
Poor Mental Health or Abnormal Behavior:
 Is fearful, anxious, depressed, submissive, tense, or
nervous/paranoid
 Exhibits unusually fearful or anxious behavior after bringing up
law enforcement
 Avoids eye contact
Poor Physical Health:
 Lacks medical care and/or is denied medical services by
employer
 Appears malnourished or shows signs of repeated exposure to
harmful chemicals
 Shows signs of physical and/or sexual abuse, physical restraint,
confinement, or torture

30. Signs to look for- (cont’d)
Lack of Control:
 Has few or no personal possessions
 Is not in control of his/her own money, no financial records, or bank
account
 Is not in control of his/her own identification documents (ID or
passport)
 Is not allowed or able to speak for themselves (a third party may insist
on being present and/or translating)
Other:
 Claims of just visiting and inability to clarify where he/she is
staying/address
 Lack of knowledge of whereabouts and/or of what city he/she is in
 Loss of sense of time
 Has numerous inconsistencies in his/her story

31. Questions, Comments, Concerns
Shannon Farley
Hotline Specialist & Volunteer Coordinator
sfarley@helplinedelmor.org
740-363-1835 x 120
Thank you for your time!