PPT on Airplanes

2. What is an Airplane ?
 Airplane, also called aeroplane or plane, any of a class of fixed-
wing aircraft that is heavier than air, propelled by a screw propeller or a high-
velocity jet, and supported by the dynamic reaction of the air against its wings.
For an account of the development of the airplane and the advent of civil
aviation see history of flight.
 The essential components of an airplane are a wing system to sustain it in
flight, tail surfaces to stabilize the wings, movable surfaces to control the
attitude of the plane in flight, and a power plant to provide the thrust necessary
to push the vehicle through the air. Provision must be made to support the
plane when it is at rest on the ground and during takeoff and landing. Most
planes feature an enclosed body (fuselage) to house the crew, passengers,
and cargo; the cockpit is the area from which the pilot operates the controls
and instruments to fly the plane.

3. Who Invented Airplanes ?
 When you think of the first airplane, who do you
think about? Most people think about Orville and
Wilbur Wright. And, December 17, 1903 is the day
to remember. That was the day that Orville won the
toss of the coin. He made the first successful
powered flight in history! The place was Kitty Hawk,
North Carolina. The Wright Brothers' dream of
inventing a flying machine had come true.
 It all started when Orville was 7 and Wilbur was 11
years old. Their father, Bishop Milton Wright, gave
them a toy helicopter. It really flew. That toy made
them dream of flying.
 Their parents helped them go after their dreams. Their mother, Susan K. Wright, was good with mechanical things.
She went to college in Indiana. Very few women went to college at that time. She was very good in both math and
science classes. Her boys learned a lot from her.
 The boys still wanted to know about flight as they grew up. They read everything they could find about it. They studied
what other people learned about flight. The Wright Brothers also went into the printing business. They even printed a
four-page newspaper. Then, people started riding bicycles. So, the brothers opened a bicycle repair shop. Their shop
opened in Dayton, Ohio. It wasn't long before they were making their own bikes. But, they still wanted to fly.

4.  By 1900, the Wright Brothers were ready to test their
first glider. It was like a kite. They studied the best
place to fly. They picked a sandy spot in Kitty Hawk,
North Carolina. They camped out there. Between 1901
and 1903, they went back and forth between Dayton
and Kitty Hawk. They were getting closer to flying.
Finally, on December 17, 1903, the time had come.
 That day, they flew four times. Orville flew the Wright
Flyer the first time. That flight lasted 12 seconds. It
went 120 feet. Their second and third flights went up
about 175 feet each. Wilbur flew the fourth flight of the
day. It went 859 feet. It took 59 seconds.
 After that last flight, the wind blew very hard. It blew the Flyer across the sand. The plane was too smashed up to fly
again. They sent the good news about the flight to their father. They then packed their gear to head home in time for
Christmas.
 The Wright Brothers kept studying and testing new designs. They wanted to make their Flyer better. They began to
teach others to fly. They even opened their own flying school. The brothers became rich and famous. Everything
was going well for them. Sadly, in May 1912, Wilbur died from typhoid fever.
 Orville was 77 when he died. He died while trying to fix his doorbell. Orville had led a good life. He had traveled all
over the world to meet with famous people. Even though he was so successful, Orville was still an ordinary guy. It
has been almost 100 years since that first flight. It is only right to honor the Wright Brothers, as the Centennial of
Flight comes near. We honor Orville and Wilbur for making the dream of flight come true. And, for forever changing
our world.

5. How does the Airplane work ?
 Airplanes fly because they are able to generate a force
called Lift which normally moves the airplane
upward. Lift is generated by the forward motion of the
airplane through the air. This motion is produced by
the Thrust of the engine.
 This picture is a simple diagram of the four forces acting
on an airplane – Thrust, Lift , Drag and Weight. Drag is
the force produced by the resistance of the air to the
forward motion of the airplane. Swish your hand rapidly
side-to-side and you will feel that resistance on your hand.
 Weight is the force created by the pull of gravity toward the center of the earth. You will feel the
effect of this force if you jump up from the floor. Your weight will force you back down.
 When the Thrust produced by the engine(s) is greater than the force of Drag, the airplane moves
forward. When the forward motion is enough to produce a force of Lift that is greater than
the Weight, the airplane moves upward.
 While any part of the airplane can produce Lift, the most Lift comes from the wings.

6. Parts of Airplanes

7. Progression of Airplanes - Time line

9. How well do
you know
about
Airplanes ? Let’s Find it
out with a
Quiz

10. 1) What is the most dangerous
part of a flight ?

11. CORRECT ANSWER
According to a
Boeing report, the
final 8 minutes of
the flight account
for 48 percent of all
fatal accidents.
Facts

12. WRONG ANSWER
According to a
Boeing report, the
final 8 minutes of
the flight account
for 48 percent of all
fatal accidents.
Facts

13. 2) What is the oldest airline in the
world ?

14. CORRECT ANSWER
Established in 1919,
KLM is the national
carrier of the
Netherlands.
Facts

15. WRONG ANSWER
Established in 1919,
KLM is the national
carrier of the
Netherlands.
Facts

16. 3) What voice message are pilots likely to
hear if a plane descends too close to
the ground ?

17. CORRECT ANSWER
These warning
messages are
activated by the
Ground proximity
warning sysem.
Facts

18. WRONG ANSWER
These warning
messages are
activated by the
Ground proximity
warning sysem.
Facts

19. 4) What aircraft’s landing gear has the
highest number of wheels ?

20. CORRECT ANSWER
The An-225, also
the largest aircraft
ever built, is fitted
with a 32 wheel
landing gear.
Facts

21. WRONG ANSWER
The An-225, also
the largest aircraft
ever built, is fitted
with a 32 wheel
landing gear.
Facts

22. 5) Which of the following parts of a plane is
not used to steer it ?

23. CORRECT ANSWER
The An-225, also
the largest aircraft
ever built, is fitted
with a 32 wheel
landing gear.
Facts

24. WRONG ANSWER
The An-225, also
the largest aircraft
ever built, is fitted
with a 32 wheel
landing gear.
Facts