Sarfraz Ahmad Lecturer KUST Kohat

1. (Learning)

2. Learning
•Learning is defined as the modification
in behaviour through experience.
•It is the change in the behaviour of an
individual brought about but through his
own experiences.
•Learning is different from maturation in
many respects.

3. Learning
L.D Crow defines learning as a continuous
development change in the behaviour
created as a reaction on different occasions
to fulfill the needs of life.
Robert S. Woodworth defines learning
“learning is the result of experience”.

4. Factors of Learning
1.Readiness
2.Goal
3.Motivation
4.Interest
5.Attention
6.Exercise
7.Natural Ability
8.Emotions of the Learner
9.Environment
10.Family background
11.Fatigue and Boredom
12.Civilization

5. Factors of Learning
1. Readiness
•Readiness is the basic thing in the process of
learning. If a person is not ready for learning, he
cannot learn properly. In every individual readiness
is different because of individual difference.
Physical, mental, emotional and social
developments of an individual are responsible for
the individual differences in readiness.
•The teacher should, therefore, keep all these things
in mind before making his students ready for
learning.

6. Factors of Learning
2. Goal
1.The most important factor of learning is its
goal.
2.If the student does not know the aim of
learning a thing, he cannot learn it. Therefore,
before teaching, the students must be made
aware of the goal.

7. Factors of Learning
3. Motivation
•It plays an imp role in the process of
learning.
•The first thing is pointing out the
objectives and purpose. Then the
students should be motivated by other
stimuli.
•Rewards and punishment plays pivotal
role in motivating a child.

8. Factors of Learning
4. Interest
•If a student or learner is interesting in
learning a thing, he learns very properly.
•Lack of interest makes the learning useless.
Therefore, for effective and useful learning
there should be interest on the part of the
learners. This can be done by presenting the
teaching material in the best possible way
and by creating a pleasant environment in the
class-room.

9. Factors of Learning
5. Attention
•Attention plays an important role in the
process of learning.
•No learning is possible without
attention.
•Lack of attention badly affects the
process of learning.

10. Factors of Learning
6. Exercise
•Sometimes a student forgets a well-
learned material due to lack of exercise.
Therefore, it is very much necessary
after learning a thing.
•There is an English Statement ‘Practice
makes a man perfect’. The greater the
repetition of a learned material, the
greater will be the effect of learning and
vice versa.

11. Factors of Learning
7. Natural ability
•The natural ability of an individual also
makes the learning more effective and
useful.
•An able and intelligent student learns
quickly and accurately and his learning
is valid as compared to dull students.

12. Factors of Learning
8. Emotions of the learner
•Emotions are directly related to the
learning.
•If the student is in a normal emotional
state, he can learn well. But emotionally
abnormal students cannot learn well.
•Tensions, worries and restlessness
badly affect the process of learning.

13. Factors of Learning
9. Environment
•Environment plays an important role in
the process of learning. If the
environment is favourable the learning
process is favourable, the learning
process will be effective and if it is not
favourable it will destroy the process of
learning. Therefore, a pleasant and
friendly environment should be created
in the class.

14. Factors of Learning
10. Family background
•Family background has also great effect on
the learning process.
•Economically strong students take great
interest in learning and poor student does not
do so because they are sitting in the class
and think for their future.
•The students of social and civilized family
learn well as compared to those of non-social
families.

15. Factors of Learning
11. Fatigue and boredom
•Fatigue weakens the mental
potentialities of the learner and he
becomes unable to get more knowledge.
•Boredom decreases the interest of the
learner. Therefore, fatigue and boredom
very badly affect the process of learning.

16. Factors of Learning
11. Fatigue and boredom
Fatigue and Boredom appear due to the
following reasons;
a. Defective teaching methods
b. Unfavourable environment
c. Abnormal emotional condition of
the learner
d. Physical and mental sickness
Therefore these things should be
removed before learning process.

17. Factors of Learning
12. Civilization
•It also affects the learning process.
•In industrial areas, there is high tendency of
learning science, technology and engineering
etc, similarly, in agricultural areas people learn
farming.
•Philosophical elements of civilization such as
democracy, dictatorship and freedom also
affect the process of learning

18. ThanksThanks