1. JAIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
DAVANGERE.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
P R E S E N TAT I O N O N
“STUDY OF 400KV RECEIVING GAS INSULATED SUBSTATION ”
Under The Guidance Of
Mr. Praveena anaji M.Tech (Ph.d)
Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
PROJECT PRESENTED BY,
SANJU G M 4JD18EE032
BASAVARAJ N BANAKR 4JD19EE009
PRUTHVIRAJ R 4JD19EE027
SANJAY M K 4JD18EE034

2. • Introduction
• Single Line Diagram
• Limitations of AIS
• Gas Insulated Substation
• Major Components of GIS
• Advantages & Disadvantages of GIS
• Transformer
• Conclusion
• References
Contents

3. Introduction:
For maintaining proper voltage levels at transmission and distribution level
and for providing greater stability a number of electrical transformation and
switching setups have to be created in between generating station and
consumer ends. These transformation and switching setups are generally
known as electrical substations. Based on nature of dielectric medium a
substation is of two types as following :
1. AIS (Air insulation sub-station )
2. GIS ( Gas insulation sub-station )

4. Introduction About KPTCL
Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited is mainly vested
with the functions of Transmission of power in the entire State of
Karnataka and also Construction of Stations & Transmission Lines and
maintenance of 400/220/110/66 KV Sub-Stations. Many new lines and
Sub-Stations were added & existing stations were modified in the
Transmission network. It operates under a license issued by Karnataka
Electricity Regulatory Commission.
KPTCL has 8 No. of 400kV station, 114 No. of 220kV station, 444 No.
of 110kV station and 692 No. of 66kV station. The Total Transmission
Line in CKMs is 38840.990as on 31.03.2021.

5. The Various Wings of KPTCL are as follows
• Corporate Office at Kaveri Bhavan, Bangalore.
• Six Transmission zones, each zone are headed by a Chief Engineer.
• State Load Dispatch Centre.
• SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition).

6. Station History & Purpose :
Usually receiving station are created at the starting point of the
generating station. The place Hiremallanahole is having a high potential
of wind and solar energy generation. These wind and solar energy are
renewable source and available plenty in the region. Hence in ordered to
evacuate generated wind and solar energy. These 220 and 400 receiving
stations are established in this region. We have heard that nearly 200
MW wind and solar generation is being evacuated from this receiving
station it learnt that both wind and solar energy will produce energy at
lower voltage and that energy is transmitted up to 220 KV by the
generating end.

7. Single Line Diagram:
• Single Line Diagrams do not show the exact electrical connections of the
circuits.
• As the name suggests, SLDs use a single line to represent all three
phases. They show the relative electrical interconnections of generators,
transformers, transmission and distribution lines, loads, circuit breakers,
etc., used in assembling the power system.
• The amount of information included in an SLD depends on the purpose
for which the diagram is used.

9. Limitations of AIS:
• Equipment deteriorates when exposed to ambient atmospheric conditions.
• Equipment becomes contaminated when exposed to pollutants such as
airborne particulate matter.
• Requires a lot space, which can be expensive to acquire in dense urban areas.
• Less stable and reduced safety of operation compared to GIS.
• Requires regular maintenance.
• The poor dielectric properties of air, as well as secondary factors such as
humidity, pollutants, salt, and moisture means that more space is needed.

10. Gas Insulated Substation:
A gas insulated substation (GIS) is a high voltage substation in which the
major conducting structures are contained within a sealed environment with
a dielectric gas known as SF6, or sulfur hexafluoride gas as the insulating
medium.
The atmospheric air insulation used in a conventional, (AIS) requires meters
of air insulation to do what SF6 can do in centimeters
A GIS is mostly used where space is expensive or not available. In a GIS the
active parts are protected from the deterioration from exposure to
atmospheric air, moisture, contamination, etc.
GIS is more relible and requries less maintence than AIS

11. Major components of GIS:
• Current transformer
• Potential transformer
• SF6 Circuit breaker
• GIS Bus Coupler
Fig:SF-6 Current Transformer

12. Fig: SF-6 circuit breaker
Fig: SF6 Potential Tranformer
Fig: GIS Bus Coupler

13. Transformer:
A transformer is static device which transfers electric power from one
circuit to another circuit without a change in frequency.
Fig.6.6: 500MVA Transformer in H.M.Hole

14. Major Components of Transformer
1.Conservator Tank
2.Dry out unit system (DOS)
3.Pressure release valve (PRV)
4.Fiber optic temperature sensor (FOTS)
5.Transformer Gas analyser (TGA) or Dissolved Gas analyser(DGA)
6.Nitrogen Injection Fire Protection System (NIFPS)
7.Buchholz Relay

15. Types of Relays:
Fig: Master trip relay Fig: Auxilary relay
Fig: Buchholz relay Fig: Distance relay

16. • It allows handling and exploration of large volumes of data.
• It allows integration of data from widely disparate sources.
• GIS provides very accurate data.
• It provides better predictions and analysis.
• Easy record keeping of geograpical changes for further analysis
Advantages of GIS :

17. GIS disadvantages:
• Cost is much higher compared to AIS substations.
• GIS tools are expensive.
• Learning curve on GIS software can be long.
• It shows spatial relationships but does not provide absolute solutions.
• Integration with traditional map is difficult.

18. Conclusion
Establishing receiving stations and substations near the load center makes
it possible to supply quality and reliable power by the utilities
competitive prices by minimizing losses in transmission and distribution.
Selection of site plays a very important role in construction of substation.
Proper design of receiving stations and substation and by the use of
efficient equipment provides a high level of service continuity.