1. GREEN
TECHNOLOGY :
ELECTRIC
VEHICLES
GENERAL STUDIES PROJECT
BY – T.SAICHARAN

2. HOW DOES AN ELECTRIC CAR WORK
Electric cars function by plugging into a charge point and taking electricity from the grid. They
store the electricity in rechargeable batteries that power an electric motor, which turns the
wheels. Electric cars accelerate faster than vehicles with traditional fuel engines – so they feel
lighter to drive.

3. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELCTRIC
VEHICLES AND CONVECTIONAL VEHICLES
• The biggest difference between EVs and Conventional Vehicles is the power source. EVs use motors
whereas gas-powered cars employ an internal combustion engine.
• In EVs the power is readily stored in the rechargeable battery. The power is then transferred to the
motor, thereby making the motor run and the wheel rotate, and together making the vehicle move.
• In Convectional vehicles the power is not readily available. The gasoline in the vehicle is send to the
engine, where the gasoline is burned to produce power ( In Convectional Vehicles the power cannot
be stored, it is utilized right after its production ), the power is then directly transferred to the motor,
thereby making the motor run and the wheel rotate, and together making the vehicle move.
• EVs provide low running costs such as fuel and taxes. In addition, they do not emit harmful gases
such as CO2.

4. ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING
You can charge an electric vehicle either by plugging it into a socket or by plugging into a charging unit. There are
three types of chargers:
• THREE-PIN PLUG - a standard three-pin plug that you can connect to any 13 amp socket.
• SOCKETED - a charge point where you can connect either a Type 1 or Type 2 cable.
• TETHERED - a charge point with a cable attached with either a Type 1 or Type 2 connector.

5. THREE-PIN PLUG
SOCKETED CHARGING
TETHERED CHARGING

7. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO CHARGE
AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE
There are three EV charging speeds:
• SLOW - Typically rated up to 3kW. Often used to charge overnight or at the workplace. Charging
time: 8-10 hours.
• FAST - Typically rated at either 7Kw or 22kW. Tend to be installed in car parks, supermarkets,
leisure centres and houses with off-street parking. Charging time: 3-4 hours.
• RAPID - Typically rated from 43 kW. Only compatible with EVs that have rapid charging
capability. Charging time: 30-60 minutes.

9. WHAT ARE THE INNER PARTS OF
ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Vs have 90% fewer moving parts than an ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) car. Here's a
breakdown of the parts that keep an EV moving:
• Electric Engine/Motor - Provides power to rotate the wheels. It can be DC/AC type, however, AC
motors are more common.
• Inverter - Converts the electric current in the form of Direct Current (DC) into Alternating
Current (AC)
• Drivetrain - EVs have a single-speed transmissionwhich sends power from the motor to the
wheels.

10. • Batteries - Store the electricity required to run an EV. The higher the kW of the battery, the higher the range.
• Charging - Plug into an outlet or EV charging point to charge your battery.

11. TYPES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES ARE
THERE ?
There are a few different types of electric vehicle (EV). Some run purely on electricity, these are
called pure electric vehicles. And some can also be run on petrol or diesel, these are called
hybrid electric vehicles.
• PLUG-IN ELECTRIC - This means the car runs purely on electricity and gets all its power when it's
plugged in to charge. This type doesn't need petrol or diesel to run so doesn't produce any
emissions like traditional cars.
• PLUG-IN HYBRID - These cars mainly run on electricity but also have a traditional fuel engine so
you can use petrol or diesel too if they run out of charge. When running on fuel, these cars will
produce emissions but when they're running on electricity, they won't. Plug-in hybrids can be
plugged into an electricity source to recharge their battery.

12. • HYBRID-ELECTRIC- These run mainly on fuel like petrol or diesel but also have an electric battery too, which
is recharged through regenerative braking. These let you switch between using your fuel engine and using
'EV' mode at the touch of a button. These cars cannot be plugged into an electricity source and rely on
petrol or diesel for energy.

13. ELECTRIC CARS AVAILABLE IN THE
INDIAN MARKET
• TATA MOTORS : * NEXON EV
* TIGOR EV
• MORIS GARAGE MOTORS : *ZS EV
• HYUNDAI MOTORS : * KONA ELECTRIC
• JAGUAR MOTORS : * I-PACE
• AUDI MOTORS : * E-TRON
• MERCEDES BENZ : * EQC
• STORM MOTORS : *R3

14. ELECTRIC BIKES AND SCOOTERS
AVAILABLE IN THE INDIAN MARKET
• OLA MOTORS : * S1
• ATHER : * 450X
• TVS MOTORS : * IQUBE ELECTRIC
• OKINAWA MOTORS : * I PRAISE +
* I PRAISE PRO
• HERO MOTORS : * ELECTRIC DASH
* ELECTRIC NYX
* ELECTRIC PHOTON

15. * ELECTRIC OPTIMA
* ELECTRIC FLASH
• REVOLT MOTORS : * RV400
* RV300
• BAJAJ MOTORS : * CHETAK
• BENLING MOTORS : * INDIA FALCON
• PURE MOTORS : *EV EPLUTO 7G
• ODYSSE MOTORS : *ELECTRIC EVOQIS
• SIMPLE MOTORS : * ONE

16. EXTRIOR LOOK OF ELECTRIC CARS

17. SPEEDOMETER LOOK OF ELECTRIC
CARS

18. INTERIOR LOOK OF ELECTRIC CARS

19. EXTERIOR LOOK ELECTRIC TWO
WHEELERS

20. SPEEDOMETER LOOK OF ELECTRIC
TWO WHEELER

21. ADVATAGE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES FOR
THE PLANET
• Electric cars are 100 percent eco-friendly as they run on
electrically powered engines.
• It does not emit toxic gases or smoke in the environment
( Zero Tailpipe emisions ) as it runs on a clean energy source.
They are even better than hybrid cars as hybrids running on
gas produce emissions. You’ll be contributing to a healthy and
green climate.
• Curtailing Noise pollution.
•Night charging leads to cleaner energy.

22. ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES
• NO GAS REQUIRED :
Electric cars are entirely charged by the electricity you provide, meaning you don’t need to buy
any gas ever again. Driving fuel-based cars can burn a hole in your pocket as prices of fuel have
gone all-time high. If most people charge their cars in the garage installing a few solar panels,
that price can get cut even further, offering savings on powering your entire home.
• MORE CONVENIENT :
The electric vehicle is easy to recharge, and the best part is you will no longer need to run to the
fuel stationto recharge your car before hitting the road! Even a normal household socket could
be used for charging an electric car

23. • SAVINGS :
These cars can be fuelled for very low prices, and manynew cars will offer great incentives for you to get money
back from the government for going green. Electric cars can also be a great way to save money in your own life.
• NO EMISSIONS :
The biggest advantageof an electric vehicle is its green credential. Electric cars are 100 percent eco-friendly as
they run on electrically powered engines. It does not emit toxic gases or smoke in the environment as it runs on
a clean energy source. They are even better than hybrid cars as hybrids running on gas produce emissions. You’ll
be contributing to a healthy and green climate.
• SAFE TO DRIVE :
Electric cars undergo the same fitness and testing procedures test as other fuel-powered cars. An electric car is
safer to use, given their lower center of gravity, which makes them much more stable on the road in case of a
collision. In case an accident occurs, one can expect airbags to open up and electricity supply to cut from the
battery. This can prevent you and other passengers in the car from serious injuries. They are even less likely to
explode in the absence of any combustible fuel or gas.

24. • EASY DRIVING :
In the world of automobiles, electric cars have the simplest driving method. Commercial electric cars come
with a transmission comprising of only one really long gear and also don’t suffer from the stalling problem
as petrol cars do.
This effectively eliminates the need to add a clutch mechanism to prevent that from happening. Therefore,
you can operate an electric car with just the accelerator pedal, brake pedal and steering wheel.
Another really useful feature is regenerative braking. In normal cars, the braking process is a total wastage
of kinetic energy that gets released as frictional heat. However, in an electric vehicle, the same energy is
used to charge the batteries.
Considering the demand for oil will only be going up as the supplies run out, an electric car will most likely
be the normal mode of transportation in the coming future.

25. DISADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC
VEHICLES
• RECHARGEPOINTS :
Electric fuelling stations are still in the development stages. Not a lot of places you go to on a
daily basis will have electric fuelling stations for your vehicle, meaning that if you’re on a long trip
or decide to visit family in a rural or suburban area and run out of charge, it may be harder to find
a charging station. You may be stuck where you are.
However, until charging stations are more widespread, be sure to have a charging station maps
where you live and where you frequently go so that you’ll be able to charge your new EV when
you need to.

26. • ELECTRICITY ISN’T FREE :
Electric cars can also be a hassle on your energy bill if you’re not considering the options carefully. If you haven’t
done your research into the electric car you want to purchase, then you may be making an unwise investment.
• LONGER RECHARGETIME :
While it takes a couple of minutes to fuel your gasoline-powered car, an electric car takes about 4-6 hours and
sometimes even a day to get fully charged.
Therefore, you need dedicated power stations as the time taken to recharge them is quite long. Thus, the time
investmentand necessary planning do put some people off.
There are some kits that can cut the charging time down. But again, that is going to be an additional investment.
So consider that, too.
• BATTERYREPLACEMENT :
Depending on the type and usage of battery, batteries of almostall electric cars are required to be changed every
3-10 years.
• NOT SUITABLE FOR CITIES, FACING SHORTAGEOF POWER :
As electric cars need the power to charge up, the cities that already facing acute power shortages are not
suitable for electric cars. The consumption of more power would hamper their daily power needs.

27. • LOWER AMOUNT OF CHOICES :
The market today for electric cars is expanding, with no signs of slowing down. However, the truth is that there
are fewer options to customize and choose the aesthetics of your EV.
At the same time, the vast amount of customizationis available with traditional cars. This is likely to change over
time, but for many people, it is going to be a disadvantage.

28. CUTOMER REVIEWS OWNING AN EV
CARS :
• NEXON EV - This is the only Electric Vehicle available with reliable latest battery aided technology
coupled with safety - both features and builds quality. Added Automatic is a big plus. Looks - 5/5
Pickup/Drag - 5/5 Battery Range - 4/5.
• KONA - Pretty good car, smooth as a glider fast car, instant pickup and the range in one charge is also
pretty good as well, so we can go more miles, a catchy car grab our eye balls everyone wants to ride
this
• ZS EV - Very pleasant to drive. Only a few complaints. 1. Mileage around 250 with AC and on normal
drive mode. 2. Front seats are small, giving minimal thigh support. Could have been better for a car in
this price range 3. Voice recognition is quite rudimentary and very frustrating at times. 4. Roadside
assistance doesn't bail you out every time

29. TWO WHEELERS ;
• IQUBE - Riding TVS iQube Electric Scooter is so easy and good. I haven't noticed the sound as it is completely
silent. It also comes with different driving modes which give you the best riding experience as per your need
and also both modes differs speed and range.
• 450 X - Exceptional vehicle .Absolutely no complaints whatsoever!! brilliant acceleration and handling. Only
worry is the software and app which is buggy. But the quality of the vehicle and the joy of riding make up for
it!! charging is hassle free. Range has always worked out more than what is advertised.
• RV 400 - Super good vehicle for speed , performance, mileage in electronic vehicles. It a great that it is
available in reasonable price.

30. ELECTRIC VEHICLE SALES REPORT

31. THANKYOU

32. • The Electric Vehicle sales in India
was seen an increase from the
year 2018-2019. But however, was
seen a downfall in the year 2020
which would have been due to the
reasons like lockdown situation
due to Novel Coronavirus
outbreak.
• The Electric Vehicle sales would
have been increased in India in
the year 2021 due more options of
EVs as all Automobile companies
are coming up with EV options,
and also may be due to increasing
charging stations across the
country.