antibiotics, resistance, rational use, prescription, patient compliance

2.  Rational use of drugs
Requires that the patient receives medication
appropriate to their clinical need in doses to meet
their own individual requirement for an adequate
period of time and at low cost to them and to their
community .

3. 1) Can adversely affect the patient.
2) Can cause emergence of antibiotic resistance.
3) Increase in cost of healthcare.
4) Financial loss of patient /community.
5) Lowering health standards of patients.
6)Eventually loss of patients confidence on doctor.

4. 1) Prescription of need.
2) Choice of drug regimen.
3) Choice of dose regimen.
4) Monitoring efficacy.

5. Three main factors need to be
considered:
1)The etiological agents.
2)The patient.
3)The antibiotic.

6. The determination of etiological agents depends
on combination of :
a) Clinical outcomes (acumen).
b) Laboratorary findings.

7. The factors to be considered :
a) Age : i) Neonates
ii) Geriatrics
b) Genetic abnormalities
c) Pregnancy
d) Delay in treatment

8. a) Pharmacokinetic properties
b)Therapeutic concentration
c)Toxic effects of antibiotic
d)Drug –drug interaction
e)Patients compliance to medication
f) Overall cost of treatment

9. Choice of regimen :
1)Parenteral or oral route
2)Duration of treatment
3)Monitoring efficiency
4)Inconsistent microbiological report

10. a)Diagnosis is incorrect
b)Etiological agent is resistant to antibiotics
c)Wrong route and dose of administration
d)Drug cannot reach to the site of infection
e)Presence of secondary infection
f)Non compliance to the host