1.
Central Massachusetts Coalition
to End Human Trafficking

2.
“Awareness without Action =
Acceptance”

3.
Slavery by the Numbers
International Labour Organization
http://www.ilo.org/global/lang--
en/index.htm
Polaris Project
https://polarisproject.org/

4.
20.9 million
26 %
$ 150 billion
100,000

5.
Types of global human trafficking
Labour Trafficking
68% of 20.9 million estimated victims are
trapped in forced labour
Forced soldiers
Sex Trafficking
Human tissue, organs, and cells, and also baby
trafficking

6.
TIP Report
Trafficking in Persons
https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt

7.
TIP Report, cont’d.
TIER 1 The governments of countries that fully
meet the TVPA’s minimum standards for the
elimination of trafficking.
While Tier 1 is the highest ranking, it does not
mean that a country has no human trafficking
problem or that it is doing enough to address
the problem.

8.
TIP Report, cont’d.
TIER 2 The governments of countries
that do not fully meet the TVPA’s
minimum standards but are making
significant efforts to meet those
standards.

9.
TIP Report, cont’d.
 TIER 2 WATCH LIST The government of countries that do not fully meet
the TVPA’s minimum standards, but are making significant efforts to meet
those standards, and for which:
 a) the absolute number of victims of severe forms of trafficking is very
significant or is significantly increasing;
 b) there is a failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat
severe forms of trafficking in persons from the previous year, including
increased investigations, prosecution, and convictions of trafficking
crimes; increased assistance to victims; and decreasing evidence of
complicity in severe forms of trafficking by government officials;
 or c) the determination that a country is making significant efforts to
meet the minimum standards was based on commitments by the
country to take additional steps over the next year.

10.
TIP Report, cont’d.
TIER 3 The governments of countries
that do not fully meet the TVPA’s
minimum standards and are not
making significant efforts to do so.

11.
TIP Report, cont’d.
Trafficking Victims Protection
Act of 2000
https://www.state.gov/j/tip/laws
/

12.
TIP Report, cont.
The 2016 Child Soldiers Prevention Act List includes
governments in the following countries:
1. Burma
2. Democratic Republic
of the Congo
3. Iraq
4. Nigeria
5. Rwanda
6. Somalia
7. South Sudan
8. Sudan
9. Syria
10. Yemen

13.
BANGLADESH: Tier 2
Within the country, children and adults are subjected to sex trafficking, domestic
servitude, and forced and bonded labor, in which traffickers exploit an initial debt
assumed by a worker as part of the employment terms.
Street children are sometimes coerced into criminality or forced to beg; begging
ringmasters sometimes maim children to increase their earnings.
In some instances, children are sold into a form of bondage by their parents, while
others are induced into labor through fraud and physical coercion, including in the
domestic fish processing industry, or exploited in sex trafficking.

14.
CHINA: Tier 2 Watch List
…Chinese men, women, and children subjected to forced labor in coal mines and
factories, some of which operate illegally…
Forced begging by adults and children occurs throughout China. There are reports of
traffickers targeting children whose parents have migrated to the cities and left them
with relatives and persons with developmental disabilities for forced labor and forced
begging
State-sponsored forced labor continues to be an area of significant concern in China.

15.
ETHIOPIA: Tier 2
Girls from Ethiopia’s impoverished rural areas are exploited in domestic servitude and
prostitution within the country, while boys are subjected to forced labor in traditional
weaving, construction, agriculture, and street vending.
Addis Ababa’s central market is the site of numerous brothels, where girls as young as
8 years old are exploited in prostitution.
Child sex tourism is a growing problem in major tourist hubs, including Addis Ababa,
Bahir Dar, Hawassa, and Bishoftu; reports identify both foreign and domestic
perpetrators, with links to local hotels, brokers, and taxi drivers.

16.
INDONESIA: Tier 2
Each of its 34 provinces is a source and destination of trafficking. The government
estimates 1.9 million of the 4.5 million Indonesians working abroad—many of whom are
women— are undocumented or have overstayed their visas, increasing their vulnerability to
trafficking. Indonesians are exploited in forced labor abroad—primarily in domestic service,
factories, construction, and on Malaysian palm oil plantations—and subjected to sex
trafficking.
NGOs estimate labor recruiters are responsible for more than half of Indonesian female
trafficking cases overseas.
Debt bondage is particularly prevalent among sex trafficking victims. Women and girls are
subjected to sex trafficking near mining operations in Maluku, Papua, and Jambi provinces.

17.
MEXICO: Tier 2
Groups considered most vulnerable to human trafficking in Mexico include women,
children, indigenous persons, persons with mental and physical disabilities, migrants,
and LGBTI individuals. Mexican women and children, and to a lesser extent men and
transgender individuals, are exploited in sex trafficking in Mexico and the United
States.
Mexican men, women, and children are exploited in forced labor in agriculture,
domestic service, manufacturing, food processing, construction, forced begging, the
informal economy, and street vending in Mexico and the United States.

18.
SRI LANKA: Tier 2 Watch List
Within the country, women and children are subjected to sex trafficking in brothels.
Boys are more likely than girls to be forced into prostitution in coastal areas for child
sex tourism. Children, individuals with physical deformities, and those from socially
vulnerable groups are forced to beg or engage in criminal activity in Sri Lanka’s largest
cities.
Police accept bribes to permit brothels to operate, some of which 347 exploit
trafficking victims. Sub-agents collude with officials to SRI LANKA procure fake or
falsified travel documents to facilitate travel of Sri Lankans abroad.

19.
VIETNAM: Tier 2
Some victims are subjected to forced labor in the construction, fishing, agricultural,
mining, logging, and manufacturing sectors, primarily in Taiwan, Malaysia, Republic of
Korea, Laos, Angola, United Arab Emirates, and Japan.
Vietnamese women and children are subjected to sex trafficking abroad; many are
misled by fraudulent labor opportunities and sold to brothel operators on the borders
of China, Cambodia, and Laos, and in other Asian countries, including Thailand,
Malaysia, Republic of Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore
Children are subjected to forced street hawking and begging in major urban centers of
Vietnam. Some children are subjected to forced and bonded labor in informal garment
and brick factories or urban family homes and privately run rural gold mines. Many
children from impoverished rural areas, and a rising number from middle class and
urban dwellings, are subjected to sex trafficking. Child sex tourists, reportedly from
Asia, the United Kingdom, Australia, Europe, Canada, and the United States, exploit
children in Vietnam

20.
http://slaveryfootprint.org

21.
2014 – Tulane University
Follow-on survey
2.1 million children were discovered living and
working as slaves on the cocoa plantations
in Cote D’Ivoire and Ghana
Which brand of chocolate candy do you buy?

22.
http://betterworldshopper.com

23.
Other food industries to watch!
Shrimp
Seafood
Coffee
Palm oil
Sugar
Tobacco

24.
Domestic labor
Farm labor
Travelling sales crews
Sex trafficking
Purchasing pornography
Patronizing strip clubs
Purchasing sex

25.
#WALK FREE
500 Miles to End Slavery