1.
Reuters Institute
Digital News Report 2022
More information at
digitalnewsreport.org/2022 @risj_oxford | #DNR22

2.
1
2
4
5
3
Continents
6
6
Representing half the world’s population
Markets
46
Respondents
93,000
2

3.
Market Sample Size Population
Internet
Penetration
Europe
UK 2,410 67m 95%
Austria 2,004 9.0m 88%
Belgium 2,044 11.6m 94%
Bulgaria 2,003 7.0m 67%
Croatia 2,001 4.1m 92%
Czech Republic 2,009 10.6m 88%
Denmark 2,059 5.8m 98%
Finland 2,009 5.6m 94%
France 2,059 66m 92%
Germany 2,002 82m 96%
Greece 2,004 11.1m 73%
Hungary 2,013 9.7m 89%
Ireland 2,016 4.8m 92%
Italy 2,004 59m 93%
Netherlands 2,003 17.1m 96%
Norway 2,010 5.4m 98%
Market Sample Size Population
Internet
Penetration
Poland 2,009 38m 78%
Portugal 2,011 10.3m 78%
Romania 2,001 19.5m 74%
Slovakia 2,007 5.5m 85%
Spain 2,028 46m 93%
Sweden 2,064 10.1m 96%
Switzerland 2,004 8.6m 94%
Turkey 2,007 83m 83%
Americas
USA 2,036 331m 90%
Argentina 2,012 456 91%
Brazil 2,022 214m 75%
Canada 2,012 38m 94%
Chile 2,011 19m 75%
Colombia 2,027 51m 75%
Mexico 2,005 132m 67%
Peru 2,027 33m 82%
Market Sample Size Population
Internet
Penetration
Asia Pacific
Australia 2,038 26m 84%
Hong Kong 2,010 7.6m 89%
India 2,035 1393m 54%
Indonesia 2,068 276m 77%
Japan 2,015 126m 95%
Malaysia 2,004 33m 89%
Philippines 2,023 111m 82%
Singapore 2,017 5.9m 88%
South Korea 2,026 51m 96%
Taiwan 2,115 24m 92%
Thailand 2,036 70m 84%
Africa
Kenya 2,032 55m 85%
Nigeria 2,017 211m 73%
South Africa 2,008 60m 58%
Polling by Supported by
Online poll conducted between January to early February 2022
Spanish translation by
3

4.
Additional survey – one month
after Russia invasion of Ukraine
Poland, Germany,
UK, USA & Brazil
Late March, early April,
1000 sample.
Five
Countries
4

5.
Changes
over time
@risj_oxford

6.
BIDEN SLUMP?
TRUMP BUMP
72%
48%
47%
15%
69% 67%
27%
42%
16%
3%
15%*
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
28%
Sources of news USA – TV, print, online and social media
Further drop inTV, other sources remain stable
Online flat
Further drop inTV
Print long decline
Social media flat
None of these options
Radio news down
6
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Base: Total 2013–22 samples (n ≈ 2000). Note: No data for 2014 due to a scripting
error. *The figure for no news would have been 12% without a methodology change where we previously excluded those who said they consumed no news in last month.

7.
82%
65%
63%
26%
60%
68%
18%
32%
51%
39%
1%
5%*
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Sources of news GERMANY – TV, print, online and social media
Online overtakesTV for the first time
Online flat
Further drop inTV
Print long decline
Social media flat
None of these options
Radio news down
7
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Base: Total 2013–22 samples (most n ≈ 2000). Note: No data for 2014 due to a scripting error.
*The figure for no news would have been 4% without a methodology change where we previously excluded those who said they consumed no news in last month.

8.
Interest in news is also falling in most countries …
Countries with some of the biggest declines
8
Q1c. How interested, if at all, would you say you are in news? Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n≈2000)

9.
But some countries are less affected
Countries with more stable interest in news
9
Q1c. How interested, if at all, would you say you are in news? Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n≈2000)

10.
27%
24%
38% 38%
30% 29%
26%
28%
24%
14%
18%
6%
34% 35%
41% 41%
29%
33% 33%
36%
25%
15%
17%
11%
54%
46%
42% 42% 41%
36% 35% 34%
29%
20% 20%
14%
0%
20%
40%
60%
Brazil UK United States Ireland Australia France Spain Italy Germany Denmark Finland Japan
2017 2019 2022
Selective news avoidance is growing over time ….
38% say they often or or sometimes avoid the news (up from 29% in 2019)
10
Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n≈2000)

11.
Selective news avoidance is growing over time…
24%
Up from in 2017
46%
say they often or or sometimes
avoid the news these days…
11
43% say there is too
much politics and COVID 19
36% say news has negative
effect on mood
What they say…
“I actively avoid news about politics.
It makes me feel small and no matter
what my views
it won’t make any difference”
Female, 22, UK
“I avoid things
that trigger my anxiety
and things that can have a
negative impact on my day”
Male, 27, UK
Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: UK: 2410

12.
43% say there is too
much politics and COVID 19
29% say the news is
untrustworthy or biased
29% say they are worn
out by amount of news
36% say news has negative
effect on mood
16% say there is nothing
I can do with the information
17% say it leads to
arguments I’d rather avoid
Top reasons for selective news avoidance
Across countries the reasons for avoidance are very similar…
12

13.
16%
15% 15%
11% 11% 11% 11%
6%
7%
6%
4%
6%
5%
7%
6%
7%
3%
5%
4%
2%
Australia Brazil USA France Spain Germany Denmark Poland Slovakia UK
Under 35 Over 35
Are we making the news too hard to follow or understand?
% of avoiders who say news is hard to follow or understand – by age
SELECTED COUNTRIES
13
Q1di_2017ii. Why do you find yourself actively trying to avoid the news? Showing code for news is hard to follow understand
Base– those who avoid news sometimes/often/occasionally in each country

14.
Trust in
the news
@risj_oxford
Trust down in 21 markets
up in only seven

15.
-3
+4
34%
50%
52%
56%
58%
69%
UK
Ireland
Denmark
Northern
Europe
Western
Europe
29%
41%
46%
50%
51%
56%
France
Switzerland
Belgium
27%
32%
35%
36%
38%
61%
Greece
Italy
Croatia
Southern
Europe
Eastern
Europe
26%
27%
33%
34%
35%
42%
Slovakia
Romania
Bulgaria
27%
30%
36%
37%
39%
41%
41%
41%
44%
43%
53%
Taiwan
Malaysia
Indonesia
Hong Kong
Japan
Thailand
Asia Pacific
Africa
35%
37%
37%
38%
41%
48%
Argentina
Colombia
Peru
Latin
America
North
America
57%
58%
61%
Kenya
Nigeria
South Africa
Proportion that trusts most news most of the time
All markets
26%
42%
United States
15
Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general , do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - I think you can trust most news most of the time
Base: Total sample in each country(n≈2000)

16.
How politics and polarization affect trust
TRUST OVERTIME USA 2015-22
35%
39%
25%
14%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Left Right
65%
70%
64%
66%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Left Right
Trump elected Biden elected
Parliamentary
elections
Sanna Mafin,
Prime Minister
TRUST OVERTIME FINLAND 2015-22
Fake news media narrative
lands with right
Consensus politics,
little fake news narrative
16
Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general , do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - I think you can trust most news most of the time
Base: All respondents 2015-2022 (n≈2000)

17.
Elsewhere people worry about interference by politicians
Just 17% say news media is
free from undue influence
in Poland
And 15% in Hungary
17
Q6_2016_4. Thinking about news in general, do you agree or
disagree with the following statements? – The news media in my
country are independent from undue political or government
influence most of the time. Base: Total sample in each market (n
≈ 2000).

18.
Paying for
online news
@risj_oxford

19.
+5pp
+3pp
+5pp
41%
33%
19% 19% 19% 18% 18% 18% 17%
16%
15% 14% 14% 14%
12% 12% 12% 11%
10%
9%
NOR SWE FIN USA BEL AUS SUI DEN NLD IRE CAN GER POL AUT POR SPA ITA FRA JPN UK
Payment for online news may be levelling off? Selected 20 markets
Increases in Sweden, Australia, Germany and Austria but elsewhere growth limited or flat
pay of online news, average
of 20 markets
17%
19
Q7a. Have you paid for ONLINE news content, or accessed a paid for ONLINE news service in the last year ? (This could be digital subscription, combined digital/print subscription or one off payment for an article or app
or e-edition) Base = 2000 in each market

20.
Winner takes most story persists
(largely)
53 %
43 %
27 %
39 %
20
2
2
5 %
3 %
Q7_SUBS_name_2022. You said you have
paid a subscription/membership to a digital
news service in the last year… Which of the
following did you subscribe to? Please select
all that apply. Base: All that paid for an
ongoing subscription/membership to a
digital news service in the last year: Range:
Germany = 143 to Sweden = 431.

21.
Substack revolution still has some way to go
Highest levels in the US but even here 1% or less of the adult population are paying for a newsletter. Fewer still
for a podcast or video blog
7%
of news subscribers
currently pay for a
journalist email
in United States
1%
But just
In Germany
and Australia
21
Q7_SUBS_name_2022. You said you
have paid a subscription/membership to a
digital news service in the last year…
Which of the following did you subscribe
to? Base = All who have made a regular
payment to at least one digital news
service in last year. Base: USA=304,
Germany=183, Australia=270

22.
Impact of
other media
subscriptions ….
@risj_oxford

23.
75% 75%
21% 21%
2%
81%
61%
18% 19%
4%
78%
44%
13%
26%
4%
73%
38%
12%
21%
7%
49%
15%
5%
21%
8%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
TV streaming Music Audiobook/podcasts Sports News
18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55+
Media subscriptions and by age - UK
Skews older
Skews younger
23
Q_Sub_fatigue1 There are many different online media subscriptions you can pay for these days. How many of the following _online media subscriptions_ do you currently have, if any, that you
pay for with your own money? Q7_SUBS. You said you have paid a subscription or made an on-going donation to a digital news service in the last year. How many different news providers do you
regularly pay money to? Base: 2022; UK.

24.
10%
13%
14%
21%
81%
70%
72%
71%
9%
17%
14%
8%
UK
Portugal
USA
Germany
More About the same Fewer
More or fewer subscriptions this year?
Q_Sub_fatigue2a. In the next year, do you expect the number of online media subscriptions you pay for with your own money to increase, decrease, or stay the same? Base: Total sample with don’t
knows removed, Germany =1727, USA=1692, Portugal= 1707, UK=2147
“Energy costs, along with petrol
and food prices are all rising.
Luxuries will need to be cut to
free up more money”
Female, 57, UK
“I feel that this time is the most
important time to know as much news
and information about our
surroundings as possible”
M, 33, USA
What they say…
24

25.
Journalists
or brands?
@risj_oxford

26.
91%
88%
83% 81% 80% 80% 80% 79% 78% 78% 77% 76% 75% 74% 74% 74% 73% 73% 72% 72% 71% 70% 70% 70% 69% 68% 68% 67% 67% 66% 65% 65% 64% 64% 64% 62% 61%
58% 57% 57%
54% 52%
48% 47%
42% 41%
9%
12%
17% 19% 20% 20% 20% 21% 22% 22% 23% 24% 25% 26% 26% 26% 27% 27% 28% 28% 29% 30% 30% 30% 31% 32% 32% 33% 33% 34% 35% 35% 36% 36% 36% 38% 39%
42% 43% 43%
46% 48%
52% 53%
58% 59%
FIN DEN HUN SWE NOR NTL GER UK CZE KEN SGN CHI AUT AUS ZA HK ARG NIG ESP IRE TAI ITA GRE SUI MLY PER POL BEL SVK IND JPN ROM CAN MEX USA BGR INDIA KOR POR CRO THA PHL COL TUR FRA BRA
Respondents still pay most attention to news brands
Named journalists matter less in Finland (9%) and Denmark (12%),
more in France (58%) and Brazil (59%) and the USA (36%)
News brands / Specific journalists or commentators
26
[Q_Journalists_1] When looking for news online, which of the following do you tend to pay most attention to? Base = 2000 in each market

27.
Gateways for
accessing news
@risj_oxford

28.
Changing gateways to news – all markets
MAINWAY OF GETTINGTO NEWS
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Direct Social media Search Mobile alerts Aggregators Email
23%
(-2)
9% 8% 5%
75% (+2)
side-door access
28%
(+2)
26%
(+1)
28
Q10a_new2017_rc.
Which of these was the
**MAIN** way in which
you came across news in
the last week?
Base: All= 85,969

29.
Main gateways to news 2018-2022 All countries
In aggregate terms, social overtook direct traffic in 2021.Though there are huge differences between countries.
Nordics still have very strong direct traffic, Lat Am and some Asia countries less so.
32%
23%
23%
28%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
Direct access to websites apps Social media access
MOSTLY SOCIAL (2022)
Finland 65%
Norway 59%
UK 46%
MAINLY DIRECT (2022)
Thailand 59%
Philippines 51%
Kenya 51%
2019 2020 2021 2022
2018
29
Q10a_new2017_rc. Which of these was the **MAIN** way in which you came
across news in the last week?
Base: All= 85,969

30.
% Starting news journey with news website or app
GenZ are losing direct connection with news websites and apps but GenY are not
(or not to same extent)
Gap opening
up between
18-24 & the rest
53%
28%
52%
45%
49%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
18-24 25-34 35+
2016 2017 2018 2022
2015 2019 2020 2021
30
Q10. Thinking about how you got news online
(via computer, mobile, or any device) in the last
week, which were the ways in which you came
across news stories? Base: 2018–22; 18–24 ≈
200, 25–34 ≈ 300, 35+ ≈ 1500.

31.
Social networks for any purpose 18-24s (UK)
Todays under 24s (GenZ) are not as interested in FB as their predecessors.
They have substituted Facebook for Instagram andTikTok
32%
78%
51%
20%
68%
17%
62%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
TIKTOK FACEBOOK INSTAGRAM WHATSAPP 18-24 cliff edge started in 2018 which is
when Instagram started to take over
2014 2016 2017 2018 2022
2019 2020 2021
2015
31
Q12a. Which, if any, of the following have you used in
the last week for any purpose? Base: 2014–22: 18–24s
≈ 200.

32.
Most important social networks for news Selected markets
Facebook remains important but has declined again by 2pp.
TikTok and Instagram are the only two networks to grow across 12 markets
36%
30%
9%
11%
6% 7%
2%
12%
1%
2%
7%
15%
16%
19%
1%
4%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
2014 2016 2017 2018 2022
2019 2020 2021
2015
32
Q12b. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week for news?
Base: Total 2014–22 sample in 12 selected markets (most n ≈ 2000).

33.
Read or
watch
online?
@risj_oxford

34.
90% 86%
69%
64%
58% 56% 55%
49%
7%
7%
19%
18%
25%
22% 23%
24%
7%
12%
18% 17%
22% 22%
27%
Finland UK Germany US Thailand Kenya Brazil Philippines
Mainly read Same Mainly watch
Prefer to watch or read Selected countries
Strong reading cultures in Northern Europe, but different story in Latin America,
Africa and parts of Asia where significant minority prefers to watch news online
34
OPTQ11D. In thinking about your
online news habits, which of the
following statements applies best to
you? Please select one. Showing net
of different option statements.
Base: Total sample in each market
(n ≈ 2000).

35.
Big differences between countries
YouTube plays a much bigger news role in the Philippines andThailand than in Northern Europe.
35
LOW USERS
HIGH USERS
57%
55%
52%
Denm
UK
Finland
Philippines
Thailand
India
7%
9%
12%
Q12B. Which, if any, of the following have you used for news in the last week? Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).

36.
61%
65%
70%
73%
21%
20%
17%
16%
18%
15%
13%
11%
18-24
25-34
35+
55+
Mostly read Same Mostly watch
Preferences to read or watch online? All countries
Youngest group more likely to say they prefer to watch online rather than read
36
OPTQ11D. In thinking about your online news habits, which of the following
statements applies best to you? Please select one. Showing net of different option
statements. Base: Total sample, less DKs = 86162

37.
OptQ11ai. You say you
prefer to read news in text
rather than watch online
video … What are the
main reasons for this?
Base: All who prefer to
read news. All markets =
59, 258
All countries
say it is a quicker
way to access
information
Says pre-roll adverts
tend to put me off
Says reading gives
more control than
playing videos
Speed Poor video experience Control
50% 35% 34%
“I prefer to read, because it is
quicker to open a website and
get to know what I need”
M, 24, Brazil
“I can jump around in an article and
go back and reread sentences,
whereas in Instagram andTikTok, I
can’t go back to hear a line I don’t get
or didn’t hear right”
M, 23, USA
Why people prefer to read rather than watch…
37

38.
Audio and
podcasts
@risj_oxford

39.
Podcast usage across markets Selected markets
Podcast usage continues to grow. 12% access a news podcast
46% 44% 42% 41% 37% 36% 35% 34% 33% 33% 32% 31% 30% 30% 29% 29% 29% 29% 27% 25%
IRE SWE NOR SPA USA CAN SUI ARG SGN AUS DEN AUT FIN NLD BEL ITA FRA GER JPN UK
accessed a podcast in
the last month, +2pp
compared with 2021
36%
+4pp +7pp
+5pp
+3pp
+3pp
+5pp +5pp
+2pp +2pp +4pp +3pp
+2pp
+3pp
+4pp
39
Q11F_2018. A podcast is an episodic series of digital audio files, which you can download, subscribe or listen to. Which of the following types of podcast have you listened to in the last month . Please select all that apply
. Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).

40.
Most important platforms for accessing platforms
Spotify has overtaken BBC Sounds in the UK as the No1 platform.YouTube leads in Spain
Platforms for finding & playing podcasts:
30%
27%
20%
14%
8%
8%
5%
Spotify*
BBC Sounds
Apple Podcasts
YouTube*
Audible
Google Podcasts
Website or app of a news
publisher/broadcaster
25%
19%
12%
11%
9%
8%
8%
Spotify*
YouTube*
ARD Audiothek
Apple Podcasts
Audible
Google Podcasts
Website or app of a news
publisher/broadcaster
30%
26%
19%
13%
12%
7%
7%
YouTube
Spotify
iVoox
Google Podcasts
Website or app of a news
publisher/broadcaster
Audible
Apple Podcasts
Spain
UK Germany
40
POD2. Which of the following
apps or websites do you mainly
use to find and play podcasts?
Base: All who listened to a
podcast in the last month: UK=
613; Germany = 578 Spain =
863

41.
Climate
change
@risj_oxford

42.
Interest in Climate Change across markets
33%
37%
38%
40%
42%
43%
Norway
Denmark
UK
Northern
Europe
Western
Europe
36%
37%
41%
42%
43%
43%
France
Belgium
Germany
39%
41%
46%
52%
53%
53%
Spain
Italy
Portugal
Southern
Europe
Eastern
Europe
36%
36%
37%
40%
46%
54%
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Hungary
33%
36%
39%
39%
39%
42%
43%
47%
48%
51%
52%
Hong Kong
Singapore
Taiwan
South Korea
Malaysia
Phillipines
Asia Pacific
Africa
42%
43%
46%
46%
47%
52%
Peru
Brazil
Mexico
Latin
America
North
America 30%
39%
United States
38%
45%
46%
Nigeria
Kenya
South Africa
42
Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of
news, if any, are you interested in? Base:
Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2,000).

43.
23%
7%
7%
15%
9%
24%
24%
15%
5%
5%
8%
9%
28%
38%
10%
10%
11%
14%
13%
33%
39%
Don't pay attention to climate change
Politicians and political parties
Celebrities/social media personalities/activists
Smaller or alternative news sources
Ordinary people
Major news organisations
Television or film documentaries
ALL UK USA
People paying more attention to TV documentaries
than to journalists when it comes to climate change
Those in the US are more likely to turn to alternative news sources and less likely to pay any attention
Selected countries:
43
49% of those on the
right pay no attention
(4% on the left)
[C1_2022a] When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to? Please select all
that apply. Base: UK: 2410, US:2036, All: 93432

44.
9%
14%
20%
12%
10%
24%
31%
7%
4%
14%
8%
17%
24%
40%
Politicians and political parties
Celebrities/social media personalities/activists
Smaller or alternative news sources
Ordinary people
I don't pay attention to climate change
Major news organisations
Television or film documentaries
Over 35 U35
Younger groups more likely to listen to celebrities or social
media personalities and to smaller/alternative sources
Less likely to watchTV or film documentaries or listen to experts than older groups
United States:
44
[C1_2022a] When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to?
Please select all that apply. Base: US:2036

45.
43%
27%
14%
40%
29%
14%
37%
33%
13%
37%
35%
11%
34%
43%
9%
Take a clear position in favour of climate change action Reflect a range of views on climate change and leave it up to
people to decide
Take a clear position against climate change action
18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55+
Views on impartiality in climate change coverage by age
All markets
Younger groups more likely to want journalist and news organisations
to take a clear activist stance, older groups not so sure
45
QAdvocacy_2022. Thinking about the way news outlets cover climate change, which of the
following statements best describes your view? Base: All: 93432

46.
Further Analysis
and International
Comparison
@risj_oxford

47.
Perceptions of
Media Coverage of
the War in Ukraine
@risj_oxford

48.
Q1_ukraine. How closely, if at all, are you following the current Russia-Ukraine conflict?
Base: Total sample: Brazil = 1002, Germany = 1015, Poland = 1003, UK = 1191, USA = 1356.
Proportion who are following the Russia-Ukraine conflict closely
Selected markets

49.
Q2_ukraine. When it comes to the current Russia-Ukraine conflict, which ONE of the following sources of news, if any, are you paying most attention to?
Base: Total sample: Brazil = 1002, Germany = 1015, Poland = 1003, UK = 1191, USA = 1356.
Proportion who pay most attention to each source for news about the
Russia-Ukraine conflict
Selected markets

50.
Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: Total pre-/during conflict samples: Brazil = 2022/1002, Germany = 2002/1015, Poland = 2009/1003, UK = 2410/1191, USA = 2036/1356. Note: Pre-conflict
sample from the main 2022 DNR survey. During conflict sample from 29 March to 7 April.
Proportion who sometimes or often actively avoid the news
Selected markets

51.
Q1c. How interested, if at all, would you say you are in news?
Base: Total 2015–22 samples (n ≈ 2000). Total during conflict samples (n ≈ 1000).
Proportion very or extremely interested in news (2015-2022)
Selected markets

52.
Q3_Ukraine. Do you think the news media in your country have done a good job or a bad job...
Base: Total sample: Brazil = 1002, Germany = 1015, Poland = 1003, UK = 1191, USA = 1356.
Proportion who think the news media have done a good job of each
Selected markets

53.
Have News
Audiences Become
More Polarised
over Time?
@risj_oxford

54.
Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: 2410.
Cross-platform news audience polarisation
UK

55.
Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: Germany = 2002, Norway = 2010, UK = 2410, USA = 2036.
Cross-platform news audience polarisation
Selected markets

56.
Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: Germany = 2002, Norway = 2010, UK = 2410, USA = 2036.
Extent of cross-platform news audience polarisation
Selected markets

57.
Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: 2016/2022: Germany = 2002/2035, Norway = 2019/2010, UK = 2024/2410, USA = 2197/2036.
Cross-platform news audience polarisation (2016 and 2022)
Selected markets

58.
Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Q5A/B. Which of the following brands have you used to access
news offline/online in the last week? Base: Total 2015-22 samples (n ≈ 2000).
Cross-platform news audience slant for selected outlets (2015-2022)
UK

59.
Q_Polarisation. In your view, how politicallyclose together or far apart are the main news organisations in your country?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
Proportion who think news organisations in their market are politically far apart
All markets

60.
The Changing News
Habits and Attitudes
of Younger Audiences
@risj_oxford

61.
Q4. You say you’ve used these sources of news in the last week, which would you say is your MAIN source of news? Base: 18-24s from 2015-22 in selected markets (n ≈ 200). Note: The 12 markets included are UK, USA, Germany,
France, Spain, Italy, Ireland, Denmark, Finland, Australia, Brazil, and Japan.
Proportion of 18–24s who say each is their main source of news
Average of 12 markets

62.
Q12B. Which, if any, of the following have you used for news in the last week?
Base: 18-24s from 2015-22 (n ≈ 200).
Proportion of 18–24s who used each social network for news in the past
week
UK

63.
Q1di_2017. Do you find yourself actively trying to avoid news these days? Base: 18-24/25-34/35+ in all markets from 2017-22: 2017 = 7991/12,711/51,103, 2019 = 8272/13,361/54116, 2022 = 11,304/16,862/65,266. Note: 36 markets in
2017, 38 markets in 2019, 46 markets in 2022.
Proportion who sometimes or often actively avoid news – by age (2017-22)
All markets

64.
Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of news, if any, are you interested in?
Base: Under 35/35 and older: All markets = 28,166/65,266.
Proportion who say they are interested in each news topic – by age
All markets

65.
QMotivations_2022a. Which, if any, are the most important reasons for you, personally, to keep up with the news? Please choose up to three options.
Base: Under 35/35 and older: All markets = 28,166/65,266.
Proportion who say each is why they keep up with the news – by age
All markets

66.
Email News:
Its Contribution
to Engagement and
Monetisation
@risj_oxford

67.
Q10. Thinking about how you got news online (via computer, mobile or any device) in the last week, which were the ways in which you came across news stories?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
Proportion who accessed news via email in the last week
Selected markets

68.
Q10. Thinking about how you got news online (via computer, mobile or any device) in the last week, which were the ways in which you came across news stories?
Base: Total 2014-22 samples (n ≈ 2000).
Proportion who accessed news via each in the last week (2014-22)
USA

69.
Q10a. Which of these was the **MAIN** way in which you came across news in the last week?
Base: All who accessed news online in the last week: 18-24 = 180, 25-34 = 332, 35-44 = 250, 45-54 = 54,55+ = 802.
Proportion who say email is their main way of accessing news online – by
age
USA

70.
Email_SOURCES_2022. You say that you accessed news via an email newsletter or alert in the last week. Where do your emails come from? Base: All who accessed news via email in the last week: UK = 217, USA = 456, Germany =
377, Ten country average = 3347. Note: The countries included in the 10-country average are: Germany, Ireland, Norway, Belgium, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, UK, USA.
Proportion accessing email newsletters from each source
Selected markets

71.
QEmail_likes. What do you like about the email newsletter format? Base: All who accessed news via email in the last week: 3347. Note: The countries included in the 10-country average are: Germany, Ireland, Norway, Belgium, Japan,
South Korea, India, Australia, UK, USA.
Reasons for using email newsletters and alerts
Average of 10 markets

72.
Examples of ‘convenience’ benefits of email

73.
Will people pay for news emails?

74.
Which Journalists do
People Pay Most
Attention to and Why?
@risj_oxford

75.
Q_Journalists_1. When looking for news online, which of the following do you tend to pay most attention to?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
Proportion who pay most attention to news brands vs. journalists
Selected markets

76.
Ten most-mentioned journalists and their roles
UK
Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters).
Base: 2410.

77.
Ten most-mentioned journalists and their roles
USA
Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters).
Base: 2036.

78.
Three most-mentioned journalists and their roles
Selected markets
Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters).
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).

79.
Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters). Base: All who mentioned the name of a journalist: Brazil = 1008, Finland =
431, France = 723, Germany = 327, UK = 576, USA = 635.
Proportion of journalists mentioned from each media type
Selected markets

80.
Q_Journalists2. Please type in the names of _up to five_ journalists that you regularly pay attention to (e.g., news presenters, columnists, or reporters). Base: All who mentioned the name of a journalist: Brazil = 1008, Finland =
431, France = 723, Germany = 327, UK = 576, USA = 635.
Proportion of journalists mentioned for each gender
Selected markets

81.
How People Access
and Think about
Climate Change News
@risj_oxford

82.
Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of news, if any, are you interested in?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
Proportion interested in climate change news
All markets

83.
Q1d_2022. Which of the following types of news, if any, are you interested in? Q1F. Some people talk about ‘left’, ‘right’, and ‘centre’ to describe parties and politicians. With this in mind, where would you place yourself on the
following scale? Base: Left/Centre/Right: Greece = 272/1137/189, Portugal = 513/832/257, Chile = 261/977/192, South Korea = 373/1277/260, Japan = 65/1249/140, Australia = 390/1035/298, Norway = 385/1082/296, USA = 459/778/498.
Proportion interested in climate change news – by political leaning
Selected markets

84.
C1_2022a. When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to? Please select all that apply. Base: U35/35+ in all markets = 28,001/65,431. Total sample in all markets = 93,432.
Note: Attention to ‘scientists/experts/academics’ as a source was asked but data excluded as they are mostly accessed via other sources.
Proportion who pay attention to each source for climate change
news – by age
All markets

85.
C1_2022a. When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to?
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
Proportion who pay attention to each source for climate change news
Selected markets

86.
C1_2022a. When it comes to climate change news, which of the following sources, if any, do you pay most attention to? Please select all that apply. Base: U35/35+: Greece = 468/1536, Portugal = 462/1549, USA= 668/1368, Norway
= 496/1514, Australia = 561/1477, Japan = 406/1609.
Proportion who pay attention to celebrities, social media personalities, or
activists for climate change news – by age
Selected markets

87.
QAdvocacy_2022. Thinking about the way news outlets cover climate change, which of the following statements best describes your view? News outlets should…
Base: Total sample in each market (n ≈ 2000).
Proportion who think news outlets should take a stand when covering
climate change
Selected markets

88.
QAdvocacy_2022. Thinking about the way news outlets cover climate change, which of the following statements best describes your view? News outlets should… Base: 18-24/25-34/35-44/ 45-54/55+:
11,304/16,862/17,205/15,074/32,987.
Proportion who think news outlets should take a stand when covering
climate change – by age
All markets

89.
Country and
market data
@risj_oxford

90.
Europe
@risj_oxford

91.
UK – Changing Media

92.
UK – Trust

93.
Austria – Changing Media

94.
Austria – Trust

95.
Belgium – Changing Media

96.
Belgium – Trust

97.
Bulgaria – Changing Media

98.
Bulgaria – Trust

99.
Croatia – Changing Media

100.
Croatia – Trust

101.
Czech Republic – Changing Media

102.
Czech Republic – Trust

103.
Denmark – Changing Media

104.
Denmark – Trust

105.
Finland – Changing Media

106.
Finland – Trust

107.
France – Changing Media

108.
France – Trust

109.
Germany – Changing Media

110.
Germany – Trust

111.
Greece – Changing Media

112.
Greece – Trust

113.
Hungary – Changing Media

114.
Hungary – Trust

115.
Ireland – Changing Media

116.
Ireland – Trust

117.
Italy – Changing Media

118.
Italy – Trust

119.
Netherlands – Changing Media

120.
Netherlands – Trust

121.
Norway – Changing Media

122.
Norway – Trust

123.
Poland – Changing Media

124.
Poland – Trust

125.
Portugal – Changing Media

126.
Portugal – Trust

127.
Romania – Changing Media

128.
Romania – Trust

129.
Slovakia – Changing Media

130.
Slovakia – Trust

131.
Spain – Changing Media

132.
Spain – Trust

133.
Sweden – Changing Media

134.
Sweden – Trust

135.
Switzerland – Changing Media

136.
Switzerland – Trust

137.
Turkey – Changing Media

138.
Turkey – Trust

139.
Americas
@risj_oxford

140.
USA – Changing Media

141.
USA – Trust

142.
Argentina – Changing Media

143.
Argentina – Trust

144.
Brazil – Changing Media

145.
Brazil – Trust

146.
Canada – Changing Media

147.
Canada – Trust

148.
Chile – Changing Media

149.
Chile – Trust

150.
Colombia – Changing Media

151.
Colombia – Trust

152.
Mexico – Changing Media

153.
Mexico – Trust

154.
Peru – Changing Media

155.
Peru – Trust

156.
Asia Pacific
@risj_oxford

157.
Australia – Changing Media

158.
Australia – Trust

159.
Hong Kong – Changing Media

160.
Hong Kong – Trust

161.
India – Changing Media

162.
India – Trust

163.
Indonesia – Changing Media

164.
Indonesia – Trust

165.
Japan – Changing Media

166.
Japan – Trust

167.
Malaysia – Changing Media

168.
Malaysia – Trust

169.
Philippines – Changing Media

170.
Philippines – Trust

171.
Singapore – Changing Media

172.
Singapore – Trust

173.
South Korea – Changing Media

174.
South Korea – Trust

175.
Taiwan – Changing Media

176.
Taiwan – Trust

177.
Thailand – Changing Media

178.
Thailand – Trust

179.
Africa
@risj_oxford

180.
Kenya – Changing Media

181.
Kenya – Trust

182.
Nigeria – Changing Media

183.
Nigeria – Trust

184.
South Africa – Changing Media

185.
South Africa – Trust

186.
Reuters Institute
Digital News Report 2022
@risj_oxford