The document provides an overview of India's 12 Five Year Plans from 1951-2012. It discusses the objectives, achievements and challenges of each plan. The key points are: - The First Five Year Plan (1951-1956) aimed to improve living standards and make judicious use of resources with a total outlay of Rs. 2069 Cr. Major dams and industries were started. - Subsequent plans focused on increasing GDP growth, agricultural production, employment, education and healthcare. Plans also aimed to reduce poverty, regional disparities and reliance on imports. - The Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012) targeted 9% GDP growth and included priorities like agriculture, irrigation, education, health, and

1. 1 “Five Year Plans of India” WELCOME

3. Some of the problems necessitated need for an immediate plan:

4. Vicious circle of poverty

5. Foreign Trade

6. Need for Rapid industrialization

7. Population pressure

8. Development of Natural resources

10. Total outlay of this plan -- A massive Rs.`2069 CrThe segregation – Industrial sector Energy, irrigation Transport, Communications Land Rehabilitations Social services Development of Agri & community

13. To make the country more industrialized

14. Development of the public sector

15. To increase employment opportunities so that every citizen gets a job5

17. Hydroelectric power projects

18. Production of coal increased

19. More Railway lines were added in the north east

20. Improved the living standards of the people

21. The large enterprises in seventeen industries were nationalizedThe Tata Institute of Fundamental Research – established in 1957 as a research institute Atomic Energy Commission -- Homi J. Bhabha (Founder, 1958)

23. Subsidies

24. Sufficient help

25. To increase the national income by 5% per annum

26. Making India self sufficient in food grains by increasing agricultural production

27. Minimizing rate of unemployment

29. Many primary schools were started in rural areas

30. State electricity boards and state secondary education boards were formed

31. State road transportation corporations were formed

32. Many cement and fertilizer plants were also builtProblems faced: Sino-Indian War of 1962 exposed weaknesses in the economy and shifted the focus towards the Defense industry. In 1965-1966, India fought a war with Pakistan. The war led to inflation and the priority was shifted to price stabilization. GDP rate during this duration was lower at 2.7%.

34. To facilitated growth in exports

36. Spending on war efforts reduced industrial spending

37. Tested the first nuclear weapon with Smiling Buddha in 1974

38. Considered as one of the emerging powers

40. Reduce poverty and to attain self sufficiency in agriculture and defense

41. Reducing rate of Unemployment both in Urban & Rural sectors

42. Encourage Self-employment

43. Encourage growth of Small scale industries

48. Speedy Industrial development

49. The transport and communication system also improved

51. To generate more scope of employment

52. Improved facilities for Education to girls

53. Increase productivity of small and large scale farmers15

55. Full supply of food, clothing, and shelter

56. Making India an Independent Economy

59. The plan focused on technical development

60. Strengthening the infrastructure

61. Involvement of Panchayat raj, Nagarpalika, N.G.O's & people's participationMany flawed plans & Policies were rectified in this plan. During this period India was the only lucky one to become a member of the WTO (1st Jan 1995)

63. GDP shoots up to a whooping 6.3% ………..the target was 1.6%

64. The plan was more successful than the 7th year plan

65. 24.4% domestic savings, it contributed 10.1% to the GDP in regards to Export Earnings

68. To generate adequate employment opportunity

69. To stabilize the prices

71. Education

72. Water

73. Health

74. Transport

75. Energy

76. Encourage Women improvement

77. To create a liberal market for Private investmentAchievements: Yes!! India managed to bring together the giant power, support & effort of public, private & all level of Govt.

78. Tenth Five Year Plan (2002 to 2007) The Tenth Five Plan will cover a period from 1st April 2002 to 31st march 2007. The Tenth plan provides an opportunity at the start of the new millennium, to build upon the gains of the past but also to address the weakness that have emerged. Some of the gains of the past are: The growth rate of the national income has important from average of about 5.7% in the eighties to an average of about 6.5% in the Eighth and Ninth Plan periods making India one of the ten fastest growing developing countries. The percentage of the population in poverty has continued to decline. Population growth has decelerated below 2% for the first time in four decades. Literacy has increased from 52% in 1991 to 65% in 2001. Sectors such as software services and IT enabled services have emerged as new source of strength, creating confidence about India’s potential to be competitive in the world economy. 21

79. However, there are several aspects of development where our progress is clearly disappointing. Some of the weaknesses are: The decline of unemployment is relatively high at above 7%. More than half of the children 1-5 years old in rural areas are under nourished. The girl children are suffering even more severe malnutrition. The infant morality rate has stagnated at 72 per 1000 for the last several years. As many as 60% of rural households and about 20% of urban household do not have a power connection. Only 60% of urban households have taps within their homes. The Tenth Plan must learn from past experience. It must strengthen what has worked well, but it must also avoid repeating past failures. It is with objective that the tenth Five Year Plan is being drawn up as a Reform Plan instead of merely having a Resource Plan.

81. Growth rate of per capita income

82. Improvement in Quality of life

83. Reduction in poverty

84. Provision of gainful employment

85. Provision of universal education

86. Reduction in gender gaps

87. Reduction in growth of population

88. Increases in Literacy Rate

89. Reduction in Infant Mortality Rate

90. Reduction in Material Mortality Ratio (MMR)

91. Environmental Protection

92. Provision of Drinking Water

93. Growth, Equity and Sustainability

94. Balanced Developed in all States23

98. Sectoral Policy Issues of the Tenth Plan:Agriculture and Land Management Poverty Alleviation Programmes Public Distribution System and Food Security Industrial Policy Issues Acceleration Redefining the Role of Government Agricultural Development Employment Social Safety Environment Conservation Competitive 26

101. Infrastructure

102. Roads

103. Ports

104. Airports

105. Railways

106. Power

107. Irrigation

108. Telecom/IT

109. Education

110. Youth Affairs

111. Sports and Physical Education

112. Health

113. Women and Children

114. Income and Poverty

115. Environment28

117. Financing of Eleventh Five Year Plan:Financing Pattern of Public Sector Outlay during 11th Plan (Rs.`Crore at 2006-07 prices) (Source: Economic Survey, 2007-08, p.a-50) (Source: Planning Commission)

121. Airports

122. Railways

124. Rural Roads

125. Rural Housing

126. Rural Water

127. Rural Electrification

128. Rural TelephoneIndustry Employment Education Health Social Sector The main elements of strategy of 11th Plan are: Rapid Growth Inclusive Growth Main Priority Areas Main Focus on Private Sector 31

130. Achievements:

132. Death Rate

133. Education

134. HealthSelf-Reliance Structural and Institutional Changes The major failures of economic planning are as follows: No Substantial Increase in the Standard of Living Increase in Unemployment Inequality in Distribution of Income and Wealth More Ambitious Paradox of Saving and Investment Predominance of Welfare Considerations Less Growth in Productive Sector 32

135. 33 Thank You!