1. COUNTRY REPORT -NIGERIA
BEING PAPER
PRESENTED
BY
R. O. RAHEEM & K.OBIDIGBO AWGU
AT
(FEDERAL MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS – NIGERIA)
THE TELECOMMUNICATION NEW TECHNOLOGY & EQUIPMENT
MAINTENANCE WORKSHOP
ORGANIZED BY WRI (WUHAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF P & T,)
CHINA.
APRIL 15TH
– JUNE 13TH
2008
2. Table of ContentTable of Content
1.1. Nigeria BriefingNigeria Briefing
2.2. Present State of Info-Communication inPresent State of Info-Communication in
NigeriaNigeria
3.3. Trend of Info-Communication in NigeriaTrend of Info-Communication in Nigeria
4.4. ConclusionConclusion
5.5. BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY
3. 1.0 Nigeria Briefing
Country NameCountry Name
In 1914 the Protectorates of SouthernIn 1914 the Protectorates of Southern
Federal Republic of NigeriaFederal Republic of Nigeria andand
Northern Nigeria were amalgamatedNorthern Nigeria were amalgamated
with the Colony (Lagos) by Lord Lugardwith the Colony (Lagos) by Lord Lugard
to form what is now known as Nigeria.to form what is now known as Nigeria.
officially named theofficially named the Federal RepublicFederal Republic
of Nigeriaof Nigeria
4. Federal Republic of NigeriaFederal Republic of Nigeria
• Independence from the United KingdomIndependence from the United Kingdom
- Declared and recognized October 1,- Declared and recognized October 1, 19601960
- Republic declared October 1, 1963- Republic declared October 1, 1963
• federal constitutional republic comprising of:federal constitutional republic comprising of:
-thirty-six states and one Federal Capital-thirty-six states and one Federal Capital
TerritoryTerritory
-Local Government Areas: 774-Local Government Areas: 774
6. LocationLocation
• Nigeria is situated in the West African sub region andNigeria is situated in the West African sub region and
lies between longitudes 30lies between longitudes 3000
and 140and 14000
and latitudes 40and latitudes 4000
and 140and 14000
..
• It is bounded on the West by theIt is bounded on the West by the Republic of BeninRepublic of Benin onon
the North by thethe North by the Republic of NigerRepublic of Niger and on the East byand on the East by
thethe Federal Republic of CamerounFederal Republic of Cameroun. On the North-East. On the North-East
border is lake Chad while also extends into theborder is lake Chad while also extends into the
Republic of Niger and ChadRepublic of Niger and Chad and touches theand touches the
Northernmost part of the Republic of Cameroun. On theNorthernmost part of the Republic of Cameroun. On the
South, the Nigerian coast- line is bathed by the AtlanticSouth, the Nigerian coast- line is bathed by the Atlantic
Ocean.Ocean.
8. Nigeria' Land AreaNigeria' Land Area
It has a landmass of 923,768 sq. km. It is bordered toIt has a landmass of 923,768 sq. km. It is bordered to
the north by the Republics of Niger and Chad and tothe north by the Republics of Niger and Chad and to
the west with the Republic of Benin. It shares thethe west with the Republic of Benin. It shares the
eastern borders with the Republic of Cameroon righteastern borders with the Republic of Cameroon right
down to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean forming thedown to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean forming the
southern limits of the Nigerian Territory . Aboutsouthern limits of the Nigerian Territory . About
800km of coastline confers on the country the800km of coastline confers on the country the
potentials of a maritime power. Arable land is inpotentials of a maritime power. Arable land is in
abundance in Nigeria for agricultural, industrial andabundance in Nigeria for agricultural, industrial and
commercial activities.commercial activities.
10. PopulationPopulation
• - Nigeria is famous for her huge population of about- Nigeria is famous for her huge population of about
140 million people140 million people
• Density: 145/km²Density: 145/km²
374/sq mi374/sq mi
• GDPGDP(PPP)(PPP) 2006 estimate2006 estimate
- Total- Total $191.4 billion$191.4 billion
- Per CapitaPer Capita $1,500$1,500
- GiniGini (2003)43.7(2003)43.7
- HDIHDI (2007)▲ 0.470(2007)▲ 0.470
12. ClimateClimate
• Although Nigeria is wholly within the tropics, itsAlthough Nigeria is wholly within the tropics, its
climate varies from the tropical at the coast to sub-climate varies from the tropical at the coast to sub-
tropical further inland. There are two marked seasons:tropical further inland. There are two marked seasons:
The rainy season lasting from April to October andThe rainy season lasting from April to October and
the dry season from November to March. Thethe dry season from November to March. The
maximum temperature in the coastal areas of themaximum temperature in the coastal areas of the
south can go up to 37°c while the absolute minimumsouth can go up to 37°c while the absolute minimum
temperature is 10°. The climate is drier further northtemperature is 10°. The climate is drier further north
where extremes of temperature range from 45° to 06°where extremes of temperature range from 45° to 06°
are common.are common.
13. LanguageLanguage
• The official language is English. There are 3The official language is English. There are 3
main indigenous languages spoken by the 3main indigenous languages spoken by the 3
predominant ethnic groups in Nigeria. Thesepredominant ethnic groups in Nigeria. These
areare
• Yorubas in the west,Yorubas in the west,
• Hausa-Fulani in the NorthHausa-Fulani in the North
• and the Igbos in the East.and the Igbos in the East.
14. The ResourcesThe Resources
• Nigeria , in addition to her huge population, is endowed with significantNigeria , in addition to her huge population, is endowed with significant
agricultural, mineral, marine and forest resources. Her multiple vegetationagricultural, mineral, marine and forest resources. Her multiple vegetation
zones, plentiful rain, surface and underground water resources andzones, plentiful rain, surface and underground water resources and
moderate climatic extremes, allow for production of diverse food and cashmoderate climatic extremes, allow for production of diverse food and cash
crops. Over 60 per cent of the population is involved in the production ofcrops. Over 60 per cent of the population is involved in the production of
the food crops such as cassava, maize, rice, yams, various beans andthe food crops such as cassava, maize, rice, yams, various beans and
legumes, soya, sorghum, ginger, onions, tomatoes, melons and vegetable.legumes, soya, sorghum, ginger, onions, tomatoes, melons and vegetable.
The main cash crops are cocoa, cotton, groundnuts, oil palm and rubber.The main cash crops are cocoa, cotton, groundnuts, oil palm and rubber.
Extractions from these for export and local industrial use include cocoaExtractions from these for export and local industrial use include cocoa
flour and butter, rubber crumb, vegetable oil, cotton fibre and yarn. Theflour and butter, rubber crumb, vegetable oil, cotton fibre and yarn. The
rain forests have been well exploited for timber and wood products ofrain forests have been well exploited for timber and wood products of
exotic and popular species.exotic and popular species.
Oil and Gas, by value, are the most important minerals. They are exploitedOil and Gas, by value, are the most important minerals. They are exploited
and produced in the Niger Delta basin and offshore on the continental shelfand produced in the Niger Delta basin and offshore on the continental shelf
and in the deep-sea of the territorial waters. Nevertheless, there areand in the deep-sea of the territorial waters. Nevertheless, there are
significant non-oil mineral deposits on land many of which have beensignificant non-oil mineral deposits on land many of which have been
identified and evaluated: coal, bitumen, iron ore, gypsum, kaolin,identified and evaluated: coal, bitumen, iron ore, gypsum, kaolin,
phosphates, limestone, marble, columbite, baryte and gold.phosphates, limestone, marble, columbite, baryte and gold.
15. The Nigerian CurrencyThe Nigerian Currency
• The currency is expressed in Naira (N) andThe currency is expressed in Naira (N) and
kobo (K).kobo (K).
• 100K equal One Naira (N1).100K equal One Naira (N1).
• The currency denominations are in N5, N10,The currency denominations are in N5, N10,
N20, N50, N100, N200, N500 and N1000.N20, N50, N100, N200, N500 and N1000.
16. National IdentityNational Identity
• The National AnthemThe National Anthem
• The National PledgeThe National Pledge
• Motto: Unity and Faith, Peace and ProgressMotto: Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress
20. Economy of NigeriaEconomy of Nigeria
• The country is listed among the "Next Eleven"The country is listed among the "Next Eleven"
economies, and is one of the fastest growing ineconomies, and is one of the fastest growing in
the world with the International Monetarythe world with the International Monetary
Fund projecting growth of 9% in 2008 andFund projecting growth of 9% in 2008 and
8.3% in 2009.8.3% in 2009.
21. Foreign Trade
• Exports are dominated by oil: the tradeExports are dominated by oil: the trade
surplus is estimated at US$23.6bn in 2007.surplus is estimated at US$23.6bn in 2007.
Since oil prices are forecast to remainSince oil prices are forecast to remain
relatively high against a background of risingrelatively high against a background of rising
production, substantial trade surpluses areproduction, substantial trade surpluses are
forecast for 2007-11.forecast for 2007-11.
22. Nigerian Oil and Gas InfrastructureNigerian Oil and Gas Infrastructure
23. 2.0 Present State of Info-
Communication in Nigeria
National CarrierNational Carrier
• The Incumbent National Carrier – NITELThe Incumbent National Carrier – NITEL
NITEL is the premier telecommunications companyNITEL is the premier telecommunications company
in Nigeria.in Nigeria.
Incorporated in 1985 after it was broken out of theIncorporated in 1985 after it was broken out of the
Postal & Telegraph department (P & T)Postal & Telegraph department (P & T)
It was sole national phone provider untilIt was sole national phone provider until
deregulation began in 1992.deregulation began in 1992.
24. The Second National Carrier -The Second National Carrier - GlobacomGlobacom
LimitedLimited
This wholly-owned Nigerian company was namedThis wholly-owned Nigerian company was named
as the second national operator with basket ofas the second national operator with basket of
licences, among which are:licences, among which are:
Fixed line phone;Fixed line phone;
Mobile;Mobile;
International gateway servicesInternational gateway services
25. GlobacomGlobacom - Network size & Installations- Network size & Installations
In August 2004, Globacom deployed a 2.5G GPRSIn August 2004, Globacom deployed a 2.5G GPRS
network supporting both voice and high-speed datanetwork supporting both voice and high-speed data
transmission.transmission.
GlobacomGlobacom has lay a 2,800 fiber optic nationalhas lay a 2,800 fiber optic national
backbone to provide broadband access and reliablebackbone to provide broadband access and reliable
voice and data transmissionvoice and data transmission
• The operation is backed by four state-of-the-artThe operation is backed by four state-of-the-art
gateways in Nigeria located in Lagos, Abuja andgateways in Nigeria located in Lagos, Abuja and
Port Harcourt.Port Harcourt.
26. • in line with its commitment to avail Nigeriansin line with its commitment to avail Nigerians
the benefits of advances made inthe benefits of advances made in
telecommunications technology, Globacomtelecommunications technology, Globacom
has launched the 3G Plus networkhas launched the 3G Plus network
• This followed a successful test-run of theThis followed a successful test-run of the
platform by telecom vendors Alcatel.platform by telecom vendors Alcatel.
27. Glo Mobile subscriber figureGlo Mobile subscriber figure
• The subscriber figure at the moment stands atThe subscriber figure at the moment stands at
over 13 million with coverage extending to overover 13 million with coverage extending to over
40,000 cities, towns, communities and major40,000 cities, towns, communities and major
roads, thus making the company the second largestroads, thus making the company the second largest
operator in Nigeria.operator in Nigeria.
28. Other Mobile Telephone OperatorsOther Mobile Telephone Operators
MTN Nigeria Communication LimitedMTN Nigeria Communication Limited
Network InformationNetwork Information
• Operator Name: MTN NigeriaOperator Name: MTN Nigeria
Communications LimitedCommunications Limited
• Network Name: MTN NigeriaNetwork Name: MTN Nigeria
• Technology: GSM 900/1800Technology: GSM 900/1800
• Network Status: Live August 2001Network Status: Live August 2001
• Web Site:Web Site: www.mtnonline.comwww.mtnonline.com
30. MTN Transmission BackboneMTN Transmission Backbone
• MTN commission its own backbone networkMTN commission its own backbone network
in January 2003, was called Y’hellobahnin January 2003, was called Y’hellobahn
• The $120m microwave transmission backboneThe $120m microwave transmission backbone
spans some 3,400km, and traverses 120 towns.spans some 3,400km, and traverses 120 towns.
31. Celtel Nigeria LtdCeltel Nigeria Ltd
Network InformationNetwork Information
• Operator Name: Celtel Nigeria LtdOperator Name: Celtel Nigeria Ltd
• Network Name: Celtel NigeriaNetwork Name: Celtel Nigeria
• Technology: GSM 900/1800Technology: GSM 900/1800
• Network Status: Live August 2001Network Status: Live August 2001
• Web Site:Web Site: www.ng.celtel.comwww.ng.celtel.com
32. Nigerian Mobile Telecommunications LimitedNigerian Mobile Telecommunications Limited
(M-TEL)(M-TEL)
Network InformationNetwork Information
• Operator Name: Nigerian MobileOperator Name: Nigerian Mobile
Telecommunications Limited (M-TEL)Telecommunications Limited (M-TEL)
• Network Name: MtelNetwork Name: Mtel
• Technology: GSM 900/1800Technology: GSM 900/1800
• Network Status: Live October 2001Network Status: Live October 2001
• Web Site:Web Site: www.mtelnigeria.comwww.mtelnigeria.com
35. Intercellular Nigeria LimitedIntercellular Nigeria Limited
• Intercllular was incorporated inDecemberIntercllular was incorporated inDecember
1992.1992.
• It began operations in January 1998 renderingIt began operations in January 1998 rendering
limited Mobile and fixed wireless services.limited Mobile and fixed wireless services.
36. Starcomms LimitedStarcomms Limited
• The firm commenced network operations inThe firm commenced network operations in
19981998
• Starcomms provides pre-paid voice and dataStarcomms provides pre-paid voice and data
servicesservices
• The company uses CDMA technology whichThe company uses CDMA technology which
provides high quality voice and 3G-typeprovides high quality voice and 3G-type
telecoms services to its customerstelecoms services to its customers
37. 2121stst
Century Technologies LimitedCentury Technologies Limited
• 2121stst
Century is a pioneer fibre optic basedCentury is a pioneer fibre optic based
private telephone companyprivate telephone company
• The company’s main services are high-speedThe company’s main services are high-speed
internet access as well as voice provisioninginternet access as well as voice provisioning
39. MTS First WirelessMTS First Wireless
• On 8 August 2004, MTS 1st Wireless officiallyOn 8 August 2004, MTS 1st Wireless officially
launched commercial services following thelaunched commercial services following the
deployment of its state-of-the-art infrastructure fordeployment of its state-of-the-art infrastructure for
nationwide wireless telephony services, national longnationwide wireless telephony services, national long
distance communication carrier services, internationaldistance communication carrier services, international
data gateway services and Internet services provisiondata gateway services and Internet services provision
• MTS is using CDMA 2000 1X technologyMTS is using CDMA 2000 1X technology
40. PrestelPrestel
• It is one of PTOs licensed by NCC to ProvideIt is one of PTOs licensed by NCC to Provide
Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) in 3.5GHz bandFixed Wireless Access (FWA) in 3.5GHz band
• In 2004, the company deployed CDMA 2000In 2004, the company deployed CDMA 2000
1x1x
41. Peace Global SatellitePeace Global Satellite
Communications LimitedCommunications Limited
• The company provides wireline telephone servicesThe company provides wireline telephone services
• Peace Globa Satellite offers:Peace Globa Satellite offers:
-Peace talk;-Peace talk;
-Peace connect;-Peace connect;
-And peace Access-And peace Access
The edge that peace talk wireline has over otherThe edge that peace talk wireline has over other
services hinges on the fact that all the cabinets orservices hinges on the fact that all the cabinets or
cross connection points (CCP) are linked to thecross connection points (CCP) are linked to the
telephone exchange via the concrete undergroundtelephone exchange via the concrete underground
duct.duct.
42. Fixed Wireless Access (FWA)Fixed Wireless Access (FWA)
OperatorsOperators
• Below is a run-down of some of operators thatBelow is a run-down of some of operators that
commenced operations in 2003 and 2004, using thecommenced operations in 2003 and 2004, using the
3.5GHz frequency3.5GHz frequency
-RainBownet-RainBownet
Rainbownet deployed a Synchronouses code DivisionRainbownet deployed a Synchronouses code Division
Multiple Access (S-CDMA)Multiple Access (S-CDMA)
-Odua Telecom Limited (Oduatel)-Odua Telecom Limited (Oduatel)
-Startech Connections Limited-Startech Connections Limited
-Xs Broadband-Xs Broadband
-Swift Networks-Swift Networks
43. VSAT Service ProvidersVSAT Service Providers
• Accelon (Nigeria) LimitedAccelon (Nigeria) Limited
• Koochi CommunicationsKoochi Communications
• MWeb Nigeria LtDMWeb Nigeria LtD
• LinkserveLinkserve
• VDT Communication LimitedVDT Communication Limited
44. Internet Service Providers (ISPs)Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
• In 2002, census showed 420,000 Internet users with overIn 2002, census showed 420,000 Internet users with over
1,030 ISPs. As a result of the Nigerian governments haste to1,030 ISPs. As a result of the Nigerian governments haste to
provide a computer-for-all and technology education, theprovide a computer-for-all and technology education, the
community at-large is aware of the Internet. The Internetcommunity at-large is aware of the Internet. The Internet
Service Providers are as follows:Service Providers are as follows:
• Trumpet Internet Television (TITVTrumpet Internet Television (TITV):):
The company commenced operations in September 2004, byThe company commenced operations in September 2004, by
launch of direct-to-home high speed Internet services as welllaunch of direct-to-home high speed Internet services as well
as a bouquet of television channels via satellite.as a bouquet of television channels via satellite.
45. (ISPs)(ISPs)
• Frontage Satellite Services (FSTV):Frontage Satellite Services (FSTV):
FSTV launched mid-2004, offers 20 satelliteFSTV launched mid-2004, offers 20 satellite
channels accessible by prepaid subscriptionschannels accessible by prepaid subscriptions
using a novel pay-as-you go scratch cardusing a novel pay-as-you go scratch card
system.system.
• And othersAnd others
48. 3.0 Trend of Info-
Communication In Nigeria
--By mid 2001, Nigeria had only about 400,000
connected telephone lines and just 25,000
analogue mobile lines. Total teledensity stood
at a paltry 0.4 lines per 100 inhabitants.
Connection costs were prohibitively high and
waiting time for fixed lines ran into years.
Mobile phone usage was only available and
affordable to just a privileged few
49. • Today, owing to several factors including:
government sector reform policy,
a stable regulatory regime,
the worldwide trend of rapid development in
telecommunications and information technology
and the huge potential of the Nigerian market,
the story is now very different. Over the years, the NCC
has licensed Digital mobile operators, Fixed wireless
Access Operators, Long Distance Operators, Internet
Service Providers, a National Carrier and Unified
services operators; to promote competition in all
segments of the market.
• This open market approach has promoted rapid
deployment of ICT services nationwide, resulting in
exponential growth in the number of telephone lines
50. • Open market approach has promoted rapid
deployment of ICT services nationwide,
resulting in exponential growth in the number of
telephone lines
• In the four decades between independence in
1960 and end of 2000, connected lines only
grew at an average of 10,000 lines per annum,
seven years from 2001 to 2008, an average
growth rate of 6 million lines per annum was
attained.
51. • As of end of March 2008, Nigeria had attained
45.9 million of (fixed & mobile) active
subscriber base. Total teledensity which was less
than 0.4% (0.4 lines per 100
inhabitants) in 2000 soared to 32.8% by end of
March 2007 (using the current population figure
of 140 million). The active-subscriber figure is
estimated to exceed 55 million by
end of December 2008.
52. TABLE 1: TELECOMS SUBSCRIBER INFORMATION (YEAR 2001-MARCH, 2008)
OPERA
TOR
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Jan-08 Feb-08 Mar-08
Conne
cted
Lines
Mobile
(GSM)
266,4
61
1,569,0
50
3,149,4
72
9,174,20
9
18,295,8
96
32,184,8
61
54,413,7
84
56,492,2
55
57,720,7
82
57,622,9
01
Mobile
(CDMA)
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 824,741 621,604 702,146 780,938
Fixed
Wired/
Wireless
600,3
21
702,00
0
872,47
3
1,027,51
9
1,223,25
8
1,673,16
1
2,449,01
9
2,454,44
3
2,417,70
5
2,537,50
4
Total
866,
782
2,271,
050
4,021,
945
10,201,
728
19,519,
154
33,858,
022
57,687,
544
59,568,
302
60,840,
633
60,941,
343
Active
Lines
Mobile
(GSM)
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
40,011,2
96
41,049,1
03
42,483,0
91
43,786,5
42
Mobile
(CDMA)
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 384,315 413,198 424,325 567,185
Fixed
Wired/
Wireless
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1,579,66
4
1,453,56
6
1,430,61
6
1,545,98
4
Total N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
41,975,
275
42,915,
867
44,338,
032
45,899,
711
Install
ed
Capaci
ty
Mobile
(GSM)
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
76,545,3
08
77,545,3
08
77,545,3
08
79,625,3
08
Mobile
(CDMA)
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
1,540,00
0
1,520,00
0
3,720,00
0
3,170,00
0
Fixed
Wired/
Wireless
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
6,578,30
3
5,633,25
1
5,576,48
1
5,676,48
1
Total N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
84,663,
611
84,698,
559
86,841,
789
88,471,
789
[1]
Telede
nsity
0.73 1.89 3.35 8.50 16.27 24.18 [2]
29.98 30.65 31.67 32.79
[1]
Teledensity was calculated based on population estimate of 126million people up till Dec 2005; from Dec 2006, Teledensity was based on a
population estimate of 140m.
[2]
Teledensity from December 2007 was based on active subscribers
53. Destination and Basic Policy
• Nigeria can say with all sense of humility thatNigeria can say with all sense of humility that
much progress has been achieved in the ICTmuch progress has been achieved in the ICT
industry since the World Radioindustry since the World Radio
communication Conference 2003(WRC-03)communication Conference 2003(WRC-03)
held in this very same place. Nigeria’sheld in this very same place. Nigeria’s
achievements have been acknowledgedachievements have been acknowledged
globally within the industry. Briefly:globally within the industry. Briefly:
54. Basic PolicyBasic Policy
• Nigeria has put in place a National CommunicationsNigeria has put in place a National Communications
Act 2003 that has given legal backing for a strong,Act 2003 that has given legal backing for a strong,
Independent Regulator for the TelecommunicationIndependent Regulator for the Telecommunication
Industry;Industry;
• A Frequency Management Council, also legally backedA Frequency Management Council, also legally backed
and which includes key stakeholders in frequencyand which includes key stakeholders in frequency
spectrum utilization has been put in place. This Councilspectrum utilization has been put in place. This Council
has developed a Frequency Spectrum Managementhas developed a Frequency Spectrum Management
Policy with necessary Regulations for the country;Policy with necessary Regulations for the country;
• An Investor friendly environment has been establishedAn Investor friendly environment has been established
such that the investment to the industry has grownsuch that the investment to the industry has grown
55. Basic PolicyBasic Policy
• A disaster monitoring satellite as well as aA disaster monitoring satellite as well as a
communication satellite have been launched;communication satellite have been launched;
• A National Information, Communication andA National Information, Communication and
Education Project (NICEP) has also beenEducation Project (NICEP) has also been
embarked upon;embarked upon;
• Nigeria has embarked on a comprehensiveNigeria has embarked on a comprehensive
Rural Telephony Scheme to ensure that theRural Telephony Scheme to ensure that the
underserved and unreached areas are included inunderserved and unreached areas are included in
the information society;the information society;
56. Basic PolicyBasic Policy
key regulatory bodies of ICT in Nigeriakey regulatory bodies of ICT in Nigeria
-Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC)-Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC)
-National Information Technology Development-National Information Technology Development
Agency (NITDA),Agency (NITDA),
-National Broadcasting Commission (NBC).-National Broadcasting Commission (NBC).
57. Technology and Emerging TrendsTechnology and Emerging Trends
In NigeriaIn Nigeria
• There are over 140 million people in Nigeria.There are over 140 million people in Nigeria.
70 to 80% of the Nigerian people reside in the70 to 80% of the Nigerian people reside in the
rural areas, where connected telephone linesrural areas, where connected telephone lines
are limited and expensive to install. Theare limited and expensive to install. The
youths of Nigeria have no exposure toyouths of Nigeria have no exposure to
computers, video games and the Internet.computers, video games and the Internet.
58. Network SocietyNetwork Society
• In an effort to address the “Digital Divide” andIn an effort to address the “Digital Divide” and
the widespread technology issues, variousthe widespread technology issues, various
organizations have been formed to addressorganizations have been formed to address
these issues. Such organizations focus onthese issues. Such organizations focus on
technology, education, security, policies andtechnology, education, security, policies and
many other technology related subjects. Somemany other technology related subjects. Some
of the online organizations are:of the online organizations are:
59. Network SocietyNetwork Society
• Nigerian Information Technology Professionals inNigerian Information Technology Professionals in
AmericaAmerica
• National Information Technology DevelopmentNational Information Technology Development
Agency (NITDA)Agency (NITDA)
• OAN - Computer Association of NigeriaOAN - Computer Association of Nigeria
• ITAN - IT Association of NigeriaITAN - IT Association of Nigeria
• TWB - Teachers Without BordersTWB - Teachers Without Borders
• NACOSS - Nigerian Association of ComputerNACOSS - Nigerian Association of Computer
Science StudentsScience Students
60. ICT Initiatives
• Broadband infrastructure:
One of the major constraints to the growth of rural
telephony and internet connectivity has been the
absence of roadband backbone infrastructure. This is
one of the issues that is already being addressed
through the setting up of Galaxy Backbone, a company
owned by the Nigerian government. A deployment of
2,000 VSATs (satellite terminals) across Nigeria is
planned. This will offer access to remote, underserved
locations,
61. ICT Initiatives
• Computers for All Nigerians Initiative
(CANI):
The aim of this initiative is to improve
Nigerians’ access to computer hardware. It
includes a funding mechanism whereby civil
servants will be able to purchase computers
and pay back the loan at a low rate of interest.
Launched in July 2006, CANI is a typical
example of a public-private partnership. It is
being coordinated by NITDA and involves
Microsoft, Zinox and Omatek
62. ICT Initiatives
• Universities Bandwidth Consortium:
This is a pilot programme in which six of the
nation’s universities are able to bulk purchase
bandwidth for academic purposes. The scheme
holds promise
for the over 600 higher education facilities in
Nigeria.
63. ICT Initiatives
• National Rural Telephony Project (NRTP):
-The NRTP was expected to provide 500,000 connected
lines to 343 local governments in Nigeria within one
year
-In 2003, the federal government accessed credit from
the World Bank’s International Development
Association (IDA), and a part of the funds obtained
was to be set aside to improve national teledensity, as
well as to step
up telecommunication penetration in rural areas.
-The government also signed a memorandum of
understanding with the Peoples’ Republic of China,
supported by a concessionary loan
64. School's Access to ICTSchool's Access to ICT
• In the early 1960s, IBM introduced IT Education toIn the early 1960s, IBM introduced IT Education to
Nigeria by providing assistance in setting upNigeria by providing assistance in setting up
computer centers in the five Universities in Nigeria.computer centers in the five Universities in Nigeria.
This introduction of IT Education led to the growthThis introduction of IT Education led to the growth
in ample research and development, grants and ITin ample research and development, grants and IT
educated students.educated students.
• The IT Education initiative and growth spanned 20The IT Education initiative and growth spanned 20
years, until Nigeria became under the militaryyears, until Nigeria became under the military
governance. As a result, funding resources declinedgovernance. As a result, funding resources declined
and as did the presence of IT Education within theand as did the presence of IT Education within the
educational system.educational system.
65. School's Access to ICTSchool's Access to ICT
• By the mid 1980s, Nigeria appeared to beBy the mid 1980s, Nigeria appeared to be
stuck in perpetual state of IT literacy.stuck in perpetual state of IT literacy.
• In 2003, the ‘State of IT Education' in NigeriaIn 2003, the ‘State of IT Education' in Nigeria
was almost non-existent. Approximately 30 orwas almost non-existent. Approximately 30 or
less Nigerian Universities and Communityless Nigerian Universities and Community
College like schools have IT relatedCollege like schools have IT related
curriculums.curriculums.
• Other educational levels, such as high schoolOther educational levels, such as high school
and elementary IT Education do not exist.and elementary IT Education do not exist.
Nigerian students have no exposure to the ITNigerian students have no exposure to the IT
related subjects. It is reported that the ITrelated subjects. It is reported that the IT
literacy is below 20%.literacy is below 20%.
66. School's Access to ICTSchool's Access to ICT
• Recognizing the deficiency in IT Education inRecognizing the deficiency in IT Education in
the Nigerian educational system, some of thethe Nigerian educational system, some of the
funding resources returned and private donorsfunding resources returned and private donors
began to contribute funds for development ofbegan to contribute funds for development of
virtual libraries. As a result, a major movementvirtual libraries. As a result, a major movement
was pushed by the Nigerian government towas pushed by the Nigerian government to
invest and incorporate IT Education into theinvest and incorporate IT Education into the
educational systemeducational system
67. School's Access to ICTSchool's Access to ICT
• A study of Internet usage was done at ObafemiA study of Internet usage was done at Obafemi
Awolowu University. The study involved inAwolowu University. The study involved in
taking a poll and survey of 100 students on thetaking a poll and survey of 100 students on the
availability and access to the Internet. Theavailability and access to the Internet. The
survey netted 73 responses on Internet Accesssurvey netted 73 responses on Internet Access
within and surrounding community of thewithin and surrounding community of the
University. The following table details theUniversity. The following table details the
number and percentage of accessibility in thenumber and percentage of accessibility in the
various locations.:various locations.:
68. Gro
up
Personal Office Departmental Office H.O. Library Computer Building Cyber cafés
Count % Count % Count % Count % Count %
0 66 90.4% 57 78.1% 67 98.1% 62 84.9% 40 54.8%
1 7 9.6% 16 21.9% 6 8.2% 11 15.1% 33 45.2%
Tot
al
73 100% 73 100% 73 100% 73 100% 73 100%
• Enhancing Education with Information CommunicationEnhancing Education with Information Communication
TechnologyTechnology
Enhancing Education with ICT was introduced in the aboveEnhancing Education with ICT was introduced in the above
section (Schools' Access to ICTs), because of the severe absencesection (Schools' Access to ICTs), because of the severe absence
of ICT in the educational system in Nigeria. The absences of ITof ICT in the educational system in Nigeria. The absences of IT
Education also meant little or no computer equipment in theEducation also meant little or no computer equipment in the
classrooms. Supercomputers, mainframes and PCs were mostlyclassrooms. Supercomputers, mainframes and PCs were mostly
present in corporations and universities.present in corporations and universities.
In the later part of 2002, the Nigerian Jigawa Sate governmentIn the later part of 2002, the Nigerian Jigawa Sate government
appropriated “N18 million for the establishment of Internet cafesappropriated “N18 million for the establishment of Internet cafes
and the improvement of its information institute to boost theand the improvement of its information institute to boost the
study of computer science in the state.”study of computer science in the state.”
69. Digital Bridge Institute
Nigeria
• DBI was Founded early in 2004 to train needed
personnel, future leaders and innovators for Nigeria
in the field of ICT, the DBI serves a diverse student
body.
• The DIGITAL BRIDGE INSTITUTE has been
founded to drive the national effort in workforce
capacity building in Telecommunication and ICT
vertical marketplace or industry. Pursuant to this
mandate, the DIGITAL BRIDGE INSTITUTE has
designed a broad range of cutting-edge academic...
71. The CyberschuulThe Cyberschuul
• THE CYBERSCHUULTHE CYBERSCHUUL commenced professional training incommenced professional training in
telecommunications and IT on January 7, 2001 and bytelecommunications and IT on January 7, 2001 and by
December 2007 has certified 1,354 individual professionals inDecember 2007 has certified 1,354 individual professionals in
various subjectsvarious subjects
• It secured the endorsement of the Nigerian Society ofIt secured the endorsement of the Nigerian Society of
Engineers for its certificates in 2005Engineers for its certificates in 2005
• CYBERSCHUUL’s Training Programs split into 2 majorCYBERSCHUUL’s Training Programs split into 2 major
areas, namely:areas, namely:
-Telecommunications Training,-Telecommunications Training,
-and Information and Communication Technology, ICT,-and Information and Communication Technology, ICT,
TrainingTraining
72. A practical Case - National RuralA practical Case - National Rural
Telephony Programme (NRTPTelephony Programme (NRTP))
• The Federal Government of Nigeria through theThe Federal Government of Nigeria through the
Ministry of Communications (MOC) in year 2001Ministry of Communications (MOC) in year 2001
embarked on a programme to extendembarked on a programme to extend
telecommunications facilities and services to ruraltelecommunications facilities and services to rural
communities in Nigeria .communities in Nigeria .
• The aim is to accelerate socio-economic developmentThe aim is to accelerate socio-economic development
in all the 774 Local Government Areas andin all the 774 Local Government Areas and
consequently, reduce the huge gap existing betweenconsequently, reduce the huge gap existing between
the rural and urban areas.the rural and urban areas.
73. Implementation/ TechnologyImplementation/ Technology
AdoptedAdopted
• The NRTP is being implemented by threeThe NRTP is being implemented by three
renowned equipment vendors namely:renowned equipment vendors namely:
Huawei Technologies Limited;Huawei Technologies Limited;
ZTE Corporation;ZTE Corporation;
Alcatel Shanghai Bell and China NationalAlcatel Shanghai Bell and China National
Machinery & Equipment Import & ExportMachinery & Equipment Import & Export
Corporation (ASB/CMEC)Corporation (ASB/CMEC)
74. • The project is being executed in threeThe project is being executed in three
phases with details as follows:phases with details as follows:
Phase one of the NRTPPhase one of the NRTP
- Alcatel Shaghai Bell (ASB/CMEC):- Alcatel Shaghai Bell (ASB/CMEC):
Technology deployedTechnology deployed: Fixed Wireline;: Fixed Wireline;
55,29655,296 Subscribers lines plusSubscribers lines plus 25,92025,920
Trunk lines.Trunk lines.
-- ZTE Corporation:ZTE Corporation:
Technology deployedTechnology deployed: Fixed Wireless;: Fixed Wireless;
94,93094,930 Voice plusVoice plus 47,30047,300 Data andData and
4,730PTT Subscribers.4,730PTT Subscribers.
75. Phase two of the NRTPPhase two of the NRTP
All three vendor deployed FixedAll three vendor deployed Fixed
Wireless-CDMA2000-1x EVDOWireless-CDMA2000-1x EVDO
- Alcatel Shaghai Bell (ASB/CMEC):- Alcatel Shaghai Bell (ASB/CMEC):
Network Capacity:Network Capacity: 200,000 Subscribers200,000 Subscribers
-- ZTE Corporation:ZTE Corporation:
Network Capacity:Network Capacity: 238,000 Subscribers238,000 Subscribers
-- Huawei Technologies:Huawei Technologies:
Network Capacity:Network Capacity: 200,000 Subscribers200,000 Subscribers
76. Phase Three of the NRTPPhase Three of the NRTP
This is yet to commence.This is yet to commence.
77. Funding of NRTP ProjectFunding of NRTP Project
• The project is being funded by the FederalThe project is being funded by the Federal
Government through a concessionary loanGovernment through a concessionary loan
from the People’s Republic of China.from the People’s Republic of China.
78. Future OutlookFuture Outlook
• Upgrading Network to Support ICT for:Upgrading Network to Support ICT for:
E-Posting;E-Posting;
E-Medical;E-Medical;
E-Government;E-Government;
E-Banking;E-Banking;
E-Learning, etcE-Learning, etc
79. 4.0 Conclusion
• The above are a few of the many programmesThe above are a few of the many programmes
that have been initiated by Nigerianthat have been initiated by Nigerian
government to demonstrate our commitment togovernment to demonstrate our commitment to
the development of the industrythe development of the industry
• Nigeria is committed to development of ICT,Nigeria is committed to development of ICT,
continues to grow from strength to strengthcontinues to grow from strength to strength
and to provide an avenue for all.and to provide an avenue for all.
80. 5.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Ernest C. A. Ndukwe, (2008): “Facilitate African Renaissances throughErnest C. A. Ndukwe, (2008): “Facilitate African Renaissances through
communications Infrastructure Development”, fromcommunications Infrastructure Development”, from www.ncc.gov.ngwww.ncc.gov.ng
• eShekels Limited, (2005): “Trends in Telecommunications Markets ineShekels Limited, (2005): “Trends in Telecommunications Markets in
Nigeria 2003 – 2004”; fromNigeria 2003 – 2004”; from www.ncc.gov.ngwww.ncc.gov.ng
• NigeriaDirect, Available atNigeriaDirect, Available at www.nigeria.gov.ngwww.nigeria.gov.ng
• Federal Ministry of Information & Communications,(2006): ‘PresidentialFederal Ministry of Information & Communications,(2006): ‘Presidential
Initiative on the National Rural Telephony Programme(NRTP)Initiative on the National Rural Telephony Programme(NRTP)
• Mobolaji E. AlukoMobolaji E. Aluko: ‘: ‘Resolving the Telecommunications InterconnectivityResolving the Telecommunications Interconnectivity
Battle in Nigeria’ ; FromBattle in Nigeria’ ; From http://www.jidaw.com/itsolutions/telecomm1http://www.jidaw.com/itsolutions/telecomm1
Editor's Notes
This report presents an overview of ongoing and planned information and communications technology (ICT) initiatives in Nigeria. It has been compiled through online research.
the largest national population on the African continent and the largest group of people on earth. This population is made up of about 250 pure ethnic groups
There also exist other ethnic groups' languages such as Efik, Ijaw, and Kanuri languages and over 374 dialects within the ethnic groups.
The Nigerian coat of arms features an eagle mounted on a black shield, which is trisected by two silvery wavy bands. Two white chargers support the shield, and at its base is a wreath of coctus spectabilis flowers cast in the national colors of white and green.The black shield represents the fertile soil while the silvery bands denote the Rivers Niger and Benue, which form the main inland waterways in the country.The coctus spectabilis is a colorful flower, which grows wildly in Nigeria.The eagle stands for strength and the chargers symbolize dignity.The Nation’s motto, 'Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress' is inscribed at the base of the coat of Arms
Description:The Nigerian National Flag is divided vertically into three equal parts. The central part is white and the two other parts are green. The green of the flag represents agriculture and the white Unity and Peace. The white is immaculate white and the emerald green is popularly known as the Nigerian Green.
Since it launched its services on August 29, 2003, Glo Mobile has been at the forefront of revolutionary changes in the GSM sector in Nigeria, offering both Prepaid and Contract packages along with a range of Value Added Services.
Only two vendors were involved under phase one of the Project.
