1. RAQUEL C. PILI
MAED GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
Final Output on Guidance counseling and techniques
COMPREHENSIVE GUIDANCE PROGRAM:
Rationale
Guidance and counseling are provisions of assistance for students, which aims
at assisting students in the introduction of potential, needs and developmental tasks
as well as meeting the needs and tasks dealing with the student’s development. In
providing services for students, guidance and counseling are not only for students who
have problems, but for all students who need to be given guidance with the hope of
fulfilling the needs so that it can run optimally. To follow up the above thoughts,
guidance and counseling focused on identifying the needs of learners, parents and
schools.
The important roles of guidance and counseling in helping learners achieve
developmental tasks are listed in the Standards of Student Self-Reliance Competence
developed by ABKIN. To support the achievement of the optimum student
developmental tasks, a comprehensive counseling and counseling program with the
collaboration of all school stakeholders was established.
A guidance program is a guide in carrying out tasks or activities that will be
done in the implementation and it is flexible. According to guidance program is a series
of planned, organized and coordinated guidance activities during a certain period.
Objectives
The program aims at providing a structure to help the program to meet the
guidance and counseling needs of all student, help students understand themselves,
build meaningful relationships with others, help student plan and achieve educational
goals and explore personal career paths, provide consultation and coordination
services to educator, parent, administrators, and others who work with students, etc.
Organizational Structure

2. Functions and Responsibilities
1. Chairman – better known as educational administrator or dean who, according to
Good, is any educational officer responsible for the management or
direction of some parts of an educational establishment system.
- Typically, it includes such officers as college presidents, school
superintendents, principals and school heads.
- In any case, the fundamental responsibilities of the administrator include
leadership in the organization and reorganization of guidance services,
stimulation of guidance-minded attitude among the members of the
guidance staff by means of some form of orientation and in-service
education.
2. Homeroom and classroom teachers – one unit of school administration which is
under the direct supervision of a teacher known as the homeroom sponsor
and which serves as a second home to the pupils assigned to it for purposes
of guidance and for the administration of certain school activities.
- His aims is to develop desirable pupil-teacher relationships, to assist in the
guidance of pupils, to develop desirable ideals and habits – personal and
civic, and to expedite the handling of administrative routine.
3. Teacher-counselor – the pivotal point around which all guidance services must
revolve if desired outcomes are to be achieved.
- Serves as guidance of the pupils’ behavior and attitude. He enjoys many
guidance and counseling opportunities as the only teacher in the grade school,
as adviser to student activities at the high school level or class instructor and
activity sponsor in college.
4. Coordinators and Counselors – has a multiple role. He has administrative
responsibility by rendering service to staff members. He helps coordinate
the guidance services between the administrator and staff members. He
counsels students.
- he makes and follows-up case studies, assists teachers together with
counselors. Prepares materials for occupational information, assists the
librarian in securing guidance materials and secures the help of the dean,
psychiatrists, psychologists, parents, civic organizations, etc.
5. Specialists – First in the list are the health personnel – doctors, nurses and dentists.
And other specialists are psychologist (administers, corrects and interprets
the results of standardized tests, usually group test), psychiatrist (deals with
mental and emotional problems) and social workers (study the pupil’s
homelife and out-of-school conditions and cooperate with the counselors
and teachers in understanding the underlying causes of undesirable
behavior.

3. 6. The Librarian – help young people find reference materials, thus coming to know
them intimately.
- Can give great assistance to the pupils in meeting problems of pupil-
adjustment, in the absence of someone in whom they can confide their
problems, difficulties, and frustrations.
7. Parents – first factor of influence in a child’s life is the home. Thus, close
cooperation between principal or dean and teachers on one hand and the
parents on the other should be achieved.
- a greatly vitalized phase of the guidance program is the Parent-Teacher-
Association(PTA), in as much as the responsibility for guidance in the home
lies with the parents and that in the school with the teacher.
8. The Community – most important resource for guidance. Local civic, professional,
health and welfare agencies like the Rotary Club have rendered valuable
cooperation with the school in carrying out the guidance program.
Guidance Services
1. Orientation Service
 Develop awareness regarding the rules and regulations, functioning
patterns and available infrastructural and physical facilities in the school
or institution or work place.
 Acquaint the students with the concerned staff and the student body.
 Provide opportunities for the staff members and student body to interact
with the new comers.
 Develop favorable attitudes among the students both towards the school
and the staff.
2. Pupil Inventory Service
 to identify the various abilities of students by administration of various
tests; and
 to maintain various records concerned with each student and update
them periodically.
3. Occupational Information Service
 To create an awareness of the necessary occupational and educational
information;
 To develop a broad and realistic view of the various educational, training
and occupational opportunities; and
 To help the student obtain and interpret the information he/she needs in
making specific plans for his/her future career.
4. Counselling Service
 The purpose of it is to assist the students in the process of all round
development. It provides an opportunity to the individual to discuss their
plans and problems with a professional or counsellor in a helping
environment.

4. 5. Placement Service
 It is an activity which requires the co-operation of the principal,
counsellor, teacher, career master, state employment agencies, private
agencies and also the community. This service is more significant for the
students at the secondary and higher secondary level.
6. Follow-up Service
 it becomes very essential in a guidance programme to learn the nature
and extent of progress of the student even after he leaves the school.
This service does not only pertain to the study of occupational aspect
but also to other related aspects such as emotional and social
adjustments.
Action Plan/ Programs/Activities
The following steps to be undertaken to plan the guidance programme:
1.First make a survey of the available guidance services existing in the school or
institution.
2.Identify the student needs (or) areas where assistance is required.
3.Obtain the opinion of the staff members and ascertain the extent of assistance
possible from them.
4.Statement of explicit objective for the guidance programme on the basis of the
student needs.
5.Specification of the various functions of each guidance service.
6.Assignment and defining of duties to each personnel, who are the members of the
guidance committee. For the smooth functioning of guidance service, a well-planned
guidance programme is necessary. It facilitates co-ordination of activities among the
personnel in an integrated pattern.
Facilities
A counseling center should be established in each school to implement a
comprehensive school counseling program. The center should be accessible to all
students including those with disabilities.
Facility Requirements:
 Appropriate space for individual and group counseling and large group
programs
 A private office for the school counselor that is designed with the student’s right
to privacy and confidentiality Adequate space to organize and display school
counseling materials.
Budget
An adequate school counseling budget shall be established to reflect program
needs. The counseling staff shall be included in the budget planning. Counselors
should provide information regarding funds needed and knowledge of other funding
sources that may be available. Such information should be included in the
management agreement.