A Presentation on
By Rao_Purna (B-tech, ECE)
Prepared on 23rd March, 2018.

“Contents”
Introduction to Android
Android History
Versions of Android
Architecture of Android
Android for Developers
Influence of android on the World
Reasons Why Android os is Better than Apple ios
Advantages and Disadvantages of Android

“INTRODUCTION TO ANDROID”
Android is not a name of mobile (“Android Mobile”)or an app
(“Android App”)
 Android is a mobile operating system(OS).
 Android is a OPEN SOURCE Software Platform.
 It is based on a modified version of the Linux kernel.
 Android is powerful Operating System supporting a large number of
applications(more than 7lakhs) in Smart Phones.
It is Designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as
smartphones and tablets.
Google has further developed Android TV for televisions,
Android Auto for cars, and Wear OS for wrist watches, each with a
specialized user interface.

“HISTORY OF ANDROID”
Started a company “Android Inc..Corporation” in Palo Alto,
California, United States in October 2003.
It was Originally intended to make an OS for smart Camera’s. But Later on They shifted to make OS
For Mobiles.
Andy Rubin Suggested name “Android” from
a character of famous 90’s Game Gauntlet.
IRINA BLOK designed Logo For Android

• On 17 Augest, 2005 Google Bought the Company
(Android Inc..Corporation) for $50 Million Dollarsand Hired it’s
all Founders and Co-Founders.
• Google Along with Android Founders Developed Android’s Intial Version “Android beta”
in November 5, 2007.
• Later Google tie up with Mobile Company HTC and Open Handset
Alliance (OHA). And then Released It’s first commercial Android
device(The HTC Dream also known as the T-Mobile G1 ) in
September 2008.
• The HTC Dream is a smartphone developed by HTC. The Dream was the first commercially released
device to use the Linux-based Android operating system version 1.0

VERSIONS OF ANDROID
There are no codename assigned to versions 1.0 and 1.1 of Android OS. Codenames are given to further Versions
CODE NAME CupCake
VERSION NO 1.5
RELEASED DATE April 27, 2009
CODE NAME Donut
VERSION NO 1.6
RELEASED DATE September 15,
2009
CODE NAME Eclair
VERSION NO 2.0-2.1
RELEASED DATE October 26,
2009

CODE NAME Froyo
VERSION NO 2.2 – 2.2.3
RELEASED DATE May 20, 2010
CODE NAME Ginger Bread
VERSION NO 2.3 – 2.3.7
RELEASED DATE Dec 6, 2010
CODE NAME Honey Comb
VERSION NO 3.0 – 3.2.6
RELEASED DATE February 22, 2011
CODE NAME Ice-Cream Sandwitch
VERSION NO 4.0 – 4.0.4
RELEASED DATE oct 18, 2011
CODE NAME Jelly Bean
VERSION NO 4.1 – 4.3.1
RELEASED DATE July 9, 2012
CODE NAME Kitkat
VERSION NO 4.4-4.4.4
RELEASED DATE October 31, 2013

CODE NAME Lolipop
VERSION NO 5.0-5.1.1
RELEASED DATE Nov 12, 2014
CODE NAME MarshMallow
VERSION NO 6.0-6.0.1
RELEASED DATE October 5, 2015
CODE NAME Nougat
VERSION NO 7.0 – 7.1.2
RELEASED DATE August 22, 2016
CODE NAME Oreo
VERSION NO 8.0 – 8.1
RELEASED DATE August 21, 2017

UPCOMING VERSION
• Android P has begun its developer preview, meaning
that it's now available for developers, or those curious enough to
check out some unfinished software.
• Final version is Expected to Land in Augest, 2018. And on that day
They also will announce what “P” stands for.
• four phones currently supported: the Google Pixel, Google Pixel XL,
Google Pixel 2 or Google Pixel 2 XL. More devices will support the
software shortly after its final release.
WHY THERE’S SUCH NAMES FOR ANDROID VERSIONS?
Reason is Smple:
Market starategy(Catchy name to be User Friendly)
Mobile Phones makes our lives happy, simple,& sweet. These sweets are also sweet simple and gives us Happiness
And these are userfriendly also. “That’s why so!!!”

ARCHITECTURE OF ANDROID
• Applications
• Application
Framework
• Android Libraries
• Android Runtime
• Linux Kernel

Linux Kernal
• Linux Kernal is the base of Android OS
• It Basically Maintains Equilibrium between HARDWARE and SOFTWARE
DEVICE DRIVERS>>>MEMORY MANAGEMENT>>>PROCESS MANAGEMENT
Device Driver: Getting Work Done From the Device
Memory Mangement: It manges entire memory(whice file will be placed where)
Process Mangement: Anything Performed in the device Comes under Process
Management

Android Libraries
• web Kit : For Browsers
• Media framework: sound
• SQ-lite: Data base
• Open GL|ES: For 2D/3D designs
etc…

Android Runtime
• It Provides DVM(Dalvik Virtual Machine)which is responsible to run Android App..
• DVM builds DEX files
• It is Optimized for Low Memory Requirements
.class files>DX tool>>>.dex files(DALVIK EXECUTABLE FILE)>>>AAPT (ANDROID ASSET PACKAGING TOOL)>APK file
Lolipop replaced DVM by ART popularly Known as android Runtime Environment
Features : Faster Execution of App
Improved Battery Time
Improved Memory Allocation and Garbage Collection

Application Frame Work
This Block Manages Basic Function of our App
Telephony Manager: Manages all Voice Calls
Location Manager: Location Management using GPS or Cell Tower
Etc..
“Here We Will Design How to Achieve Tasks Based on the Type Of App”
Applications
It is the platform where USER directly interacts with OS

“INFLUENCE OF ANDROID ON THE WORLD”
• In the second quarter of 2009, Android had a 2.8% share of worldwide smartphone shipments.
• By May 2010, Android had a 10% worldwide smartphone market share, overtaking Windows Mobile
• By the year 2011, Gartner(American research and advisory firm) estimated that more than half (52.5%) of
the smartphone sales belonged to Android.
• By 2012 Android had a 75% share of the global smartphone market according to the research firm IDC(International
Data corporation).
• In May 2013, at Google Conference, Sundar Pichai announced that 900 million Android devices had been
activated.
• Three billion Android smartphones sold by the end of 2014.
• According to a Statistica's estimate, Android smartphones had an installed base of 1.8 billion units in 2015,
• which was 76% of the estimated total number of smartphones worldwide.
• The Statistics had grown to 87.5% worldwide market share by the third quarter of 2016, leaving main
competitor iOS with 12.1% market share.
• According to an April 2017 StatCounter report, Android overtook Microsoft Windows to become the most
popular operating system for total Internet usage.

Recent Statistics

• One of the reasons for the success of Google’s OS is the constant improvement of its many versions,
with every new one offering more advanced features, faster access to the internet or increasingly
better video and audio.
• Another reason for the Android’s popularity is its strong collaboration with mobile device
manufacturers,while its main global competitor, Apple’s iOS, is limited to operating only on Apple
devices,such as the iPhone, iPad or Apple Watch.
Reasons for such influence

ANDROID FOR DEVELOPERS
• As Android is a Open Source Software, Anyone who wants to Develop New Apps/own apps can Download
App Making Soft wares and can Create new Apps As per their Wish.
• There are two types of soft wares are Available For Android Developers. One is With Coding another One is
Without Coding.
WITH CODING

Without Coding
• Appypie.com

• App Maker

• Apps Geyser

• Mobile Roadie

• Buzz Touch

Why To Develop an App?
Simple And Straight Reason is To Earn Money!!
For Ex :
• A Btech Faculty Takes Classes on Three suppose X,Y and Z subjects.
• Now he created app for What to study for sem/GATE exams.
• He provided syllabus, tricks to gain high marks on those particular subjects, Video Tutorials,
Solutions to students problem regarding those three subjects
• He can Add some Feauters like news/info on job/intership for his Branch students.
• He can Talk About Carrier Oppurtunities /right path to go through after Btech.
etc….
Only We Have to Pay to Publish app on some App Downloading sites(like GOOGLE STORE, IOS STORE)

“Reasons Why Android ios is Better than Apple ios”
• Android is Cheaper
• Memory and Storage
• Customazibility
• File Sharing and Management
• Design (UI)
Top 5 reasons:

“Advantages”
• It Is Open Source and It is Free
• Android display system can be changed Automatically to vertical or Horizontal
• It Can be Used as router(Hot spot)
• Multitasking
“Disadvantages”
• As Android is a Linux Based OS. In order to Develop a High Level App User Should Aware of such
Commands/Languages like Java, HTML, c++
• Applications Force Closes if they are too Large
• Devices tend to Heat Up when Used Extensively
• Battery Life is pretty Less

“CONCLUSION”
I hope that the next versions of android have overcome the
limitations/Disadvantages Of Current Versions.
Reference: YOUTUBE,GOOGLE,WIKIPEDIA.
Thank you