1. CHEST X RAYCHEST X RAY
REVEALEDREVEALED
PRESENTED BYPRESENTED BY
RAKESH VALLITTAYILRAKESH VALLITTAYIL
rakesh vallittayilrakesh vallittayil
2. DEFENITION:
A CHEST X RAY IS A PROCEDURE USED TO EVALUATE ORGANS AND
STRUCTURES WITHIN THE CHEST FOR SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE
STRUCTURES: CHEST X RAY INCLUDES VIEWS OF
LUNGS,
HEART,
PORTION OF THE GI TRACT
THYROID GLAND
BONES OF CHEST AREA
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3. HOW TO READ A CHEST X RAY
IT MAY PROVE QUITE RIGHT BUT STOP AND BE
CERTAIN HOW LUNG APPEAR
I-IDENTIFICATION
M-MARKERS
P-POSITION
Q- QUALITY
R- RESPIRATION(FULL INSPIRATION)
S- SOFT TISSUE(SWELLING ETC)
A- ABDOMEN (FREE ABDOMINAL AIR)
B-BONE (# AT LATERAL ENDS)
C- CENTRAL SHADOW (>50% =ENLARGEMENT )
H-HILA(HILAR LYMPH ADENOPATHY)
A-ABSENT STRUCTURES
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5. How to readHow to read
FIRST LOOK AT MEDIASTINALFIRST LOOK AT MEDIASTINAL
CONTOURSCONTOURS
TRACHEA SHOULD BETRACHEA SHOULD BE
CENTRALCENTRAL
AORTIC ARCH IS THE FIRSTAORTIC ARCH IS THE FIRST
STRUCTURE IN THE LEFT.STRUCTURE IN THE LEFT.
THEN WE CAN SEE P.THEN WE CAN SEE P.
ARTERIES FANNINGARTERIES FANNING
OUTTHROUGH LUNGOUTTHROUGH LUNG
TWO THIRD OF THE HEARTTWO THIRD OF THE HEART
LIES IN THE LEFT.LIES IN THE LEFT.
LEFT BORDER MADE UP OFLEFT BORDER MADE UP OF
LEFT ATRIUM AND VENTRICLELEFT ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE
RIGHT BORDER WITH RIGHTRIGHT BORDER WITH RIGHT
ATRIUM ALONEATRIUM ALONE
LUNGS SHOULD BE BLACK.LUNGS SHOULD BE BLACK.
COSTOPHRENIC ANDCOSTOPHRENIC AND
CARDIOPHRENIC ANGLESCARDIOPHRENIC ANGLES
SHOULD NOT BE BLUNDEDSHOULD NOT BE BLUNDED
WHICH SUGGEST EFFUSION.WHICH SUGGEST EFFUSION.
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6. COMMON RADIOLOGICAL
ABNORMALITIES
CONSOLIDATION:HOMOGENOUS OPACITIES WITH WELL DEFINED
MARGINS
COLLAPSE:HOMOGENOUS OPACITIES WITH CLEARCUT CONCAVE
MARGINES
FIBROSIS:STREAKY LINEAR SHADOWS WITH SHIFT OF TRACHEA
N MEDIASTINUM
PLEURAL EFFUSION:PRESENCE OF SMALL QUANTITY OF FLUID IN
PLEURA
PNEUMOTHORAX:PRESENCE OF AIR IN THE PLEURA
CAVITIES:AREAS OF CENTRAL TRANSLUENCY
OPACITIES IN THE LUNG: MAY BE SINGLE OR MULTIPLE
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7. CHEST X RAYS IN VARIOUS CLINICAL
CONDITIONS
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8. DEXTRO CARDIACDEXTRO CARDIAC
VISCERA ,ATRIA . AORTICVISCERA ,ATRIA . AORTIC
ARCH ARE IN NORMALARCH ARE IN NORMAL
POSITION BUT CARDIACPOSITION BUT CARDIAC
APEX IS ON RIGHTAPEX IS ON RIGHT
DEXTROPOSITION IS THEDEXTROPOSITION IS THE
SHIFTING OF HEART TOSHIFTING OF HEART TO
RIGHT DUE TO LESIONS.RIGHT DUE TO LESIONS.
BOTHARE DIFFERENTBOTHARE DIFFERENT
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19. LYMPHOMA
IT IS A TYPE OF
SOLID NEOPLASM
THAT ORGINATES
IN LYMPHOCYTES
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20. CANNON BALL
MULTIPLE BALL LIKE
OPACITIES
MAINLY DUE TO
CANCER METASTASIS
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21. Pneumo thorax
‘Collapsed lung’ is a
medical emergency
Caused by the
accumulation of gas in
pleural cavity
Mostly due to
penetrating wounds
Picture shows left sided
tension pneumo thorax
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22. Pleural effusion
IT IS THE
ACCUMULATION OF
EXCESS FLUID IN
PLEURAL CAVITY
BLOOD-HEMOTHORAX
SEROUS FLUID –
HYDROTHOAX
CHYLE-
CHYLOTHORAX
PUS- PYOTHORAX OR
EMPHYSEMA
IN PICTURE:A SHOWS
FLUID LAYERING AND B
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