Learning theory

2.  American psychologist
 Significant contribution- field of
Psychology, Educational psychology
 Born: October 25, 1918, Brooklyn,
New York City, New York, United
States
 Died: July 9, 2008, Hyde Park, New
York, United States
 Influenced by: Jean Piaget
 Education: Middlesex University,
Columbia University, University of
Pennsylvania

3. Ausbels theory
Knowledge is hierarchially arranged
Stresses meaningful learning as opposed to rote
learning
Believed that concepts principles and ideas are
achieved through deductive reasoning
Single factor influencing learning is what the
learner already knows

4. Ausbel’s learning theory
 Believed that learning of new knowledge relies on what is
already known
 Construction of knowledge begins with our observation
and recognition of events and objects through concepts
that we already have .
 That is , We learn by constructing a network of concepts
and adding to them
 Similar to Piaget’s idea of conceptual schemes, ausbel
related this concept of how people acquire knowledge by
meaningful learning

5. Meaningful learning
Creative production
Meaningful
learning
A continuum
Rote learning
Requires
1) Well organised
relavent
knowledge
structures
2) Emotional
commitment to
integrate new
with existing
knowledge
3) Conceptual
clear subject
matter
Result from
1. Little or no
relevant
knowledge
2. Poorly
organized
subject matter
3. No emotional
commitment

6. Advance organisers
Advance
organisers
Expository Comparative
3 Purposes Of Advance
Organisers
1. They direct your attention to
what is important in the coming
material
2. They highlight relationships
among ideas that will be
presented
3. They remind a person of relavent
information that he or she
already knows

7. Expository organiser
 Provide new knowledge that students will need to
understand the upcoming information
 Often used when new learning material is unfamiliar
to the learner
 Often relate what the learner already knows with the
new and unfamiliar material

8. Educational implications
• Expository teaching: takes the form of a lecture recitation to the whole
class with examples explanations and opportunity for practice and
feedback
• Expository teaching sequence:
start review Present
content
Practice Provide feedback
Additional
review More content Further
practice
Additional
feedback
Second cycle – teach /re-teach
Third cycle (if necessary)– teach /re-teach

9. Educational implications
Benefits of Expository teaching
• Teacher is in charge of discussion ,guides the lesson and
asks question by calling on students to answer
• Beneficial for auditory learner
Drawbacks of Expository teaching
• Teacher is in complete control of every aspect of the
learner
• Some students drift off and day dream or fall asleep
during a lecture
• More than a discussion it is mostly a time for question
and answers

10. Educational implications
Remedial measures
 This type of teaching can be beneficial when teacher
finds interesting and new ways to present the instruction
 Stray away from guidelines of expository teaching and let
the kids be active part of a discussion.
 During lessons allow kids to doodle.. Sometimes this
helps focus on the speaker

11. • Ausbel got us got us considering what
was going on internally within
learners brain when we are trying to
teach them
• He saw learning as an active process
• He wanted us to engage the students
help them relate new content to that
which they have already known so
that they can make sense of it.
• His name is not widely recognised in
education, however his ideas have a
continued impact