The document provides a history of the city of Vadodara (also called Baroda) in India from ancient times to the present. It describes how the city originated on the banks of the Vishwamitri River over 2,000 years ago and was ruled by various Hindu dynasties and later Muslim sultans. The Maratha leader Gaekwad conquered the region in the 18th century and it became the capital of the Maratha kingdom. Under the rule of Maharaja Sayajirao III from 1875 to 1939, Vadodara modernized and became an educational and industrial center. After Indian independence in 1947, Vadodara joined the state of Gujarat.
Nasik city with its rich cultural and historical background has experienced numerous transformations through the several dynasties that reined the city.
Each one of these dynasties and rulers has left an unmistakable imprint on the art, architecture and culture of the place. The transition of the place from a kingdom of Satwahanas to an Industrial town is fascinating
Its rich Architectural heritage includes the preserved caves from Satvahana and various other dynasties; the Hemadpanthi style temples, the famous Wadas from Maratha and Peshwa rulers and last but not least, the magnificent forts protecting the boundaries of the city from enemies.
Even the succeeding periods of British rule and Post Independence era has observed remarkable structures coming up.
This History along with geographical location and geology of the place demonstrates a profound influence on the growth of the townscape.
With Sahyadris in vicinity many forts have been erected during the different empires with their distinctive modes of construction.
River Godavari plays a major role in its development as a religious center; the town has observed the emergence of some beautiful temples with Ghats along its banks.
The rich Architectural style of the structures has been changing as per the eras pertaining to their social, religious and cultural beliefs.
Various rituals and religious philosophies have been evolved due to the development of the society towards the religion, which reveal a grave influence on designs of the structures.
The Post Independence era has perceived a gradual transformation of this dreamlike town into a hybrid-cultured entity.
This paper overviews the time duration of the changed vocabulary of Aesthetics while recording the transformation of an inherently beautiful space into a comparatively characterless townscape.
Vastupurusa
For the basis of Hindú architecture often reference is made to Vastupurusa or “the spirit of the site”. One legend explains this as follows. There was an evil demigod (bhuta) who was born during Siva’s fight with the Asur Andhaka. This bhuta possessed a terrifying countenance and an insatiable hunger. The legend goes that having done great penance, the bhuta won a boon from Siva that allowed him to swallow the three worlds that constitute the Hindu cosmos. As this being stretched himself and began to occupy the heavens, he fell flat on the earth. The various gods and demigods seized this opportunity and pinned various parts of his body to the ground, rendering him helpless. This being came to be called Vast (or Vastupurusa) because the gods and demigods managed to lodge themselves on his body. Legends hold that the deities, in pinning him down, occupied different parts of his body and continued to reside there (Figure1). In order to satisfy his hunger, Brahma ordained that he receive offerings from people on building sites before construction. The body of the Vastupurusa is supposed to be sensitive at a number of points called marmas. The well-being of the Vastupurusa assures the well-being of the building and, by implication, its owner. An important criterion for any building, therefore, is to avoid injury to the marmas located on the body of the Vastupurusa. To ensure that this is achieved, texts prohibit any direct construction upon the marmas themselves. The marmas are specifically said to lie at the intersection of major diagonals, seen as the veins (siras or nadis) of the purusa.
Nasik city with its rich cultural and historical background has experienced numerous transformations through the several dynasties that reined the city.
Each one of these dynasties and rulers has left an unmistakable imprint on the art, architecture and culture of the place. The transition of the place from a kingdom of Satwahanas to an Industrial town is fascinating
Its rich Architectural heritage includes the preserved caves from Satvahana and various other dynasties; the Hemadpanthi style temples, the famous Wadas from Maratha and Peshwa rulers and last but not least, the magnificent forts protecting the boundaries of the city from enemies.
Even the succeeding periods of British rule and Post Independence era has observed remarkable structures coming up.
This History along with geographical location and geology of the place demonstrates a profound influence on the growth of the townscape.
With Sahyadris in vicinity many forts have been erected during the different empires with their distinctive modes of construction.
River Godavari plays a major role in its development as a religious center; the town has observed the emergence of some beautiful temples with Ghats along its banks.
The rich Architectural style of the structures has been changing as per the eras pertaining to their social, religious and cultural beliefs.
Various rituals and religious philosophies have been evolved due to the development of the society towards the religion, which reveal a grave influence on designs of the structures.
The Post Independence era has perceived a gradual transformation of this dreamlike town into a hybrid-cultured entity.
This paper overviews the time duration of the changed vocabulary of Aesthetics while recording the transformation of an inherently beautiful space into a comparatively characterless townscape.
Vastupurusa
For the basis of Hindú architecture often reference is made to Vastupurusa or “the spirit of the site”. One legend explains this as follows. There was an evil demigod (bhuta) who was born during Siva’s fight with the Asur Andhaka. This bhuta possessed a terrifying countenance and an insatiable hunger. The legend goes that having done great penance, the bhuta won a boon from Siva that allowed him to swallow the three worlds that constitute the Hindu cosmos. As this being stretched himself and began to occupy the heavens, he fell flat on the earth. The various gods and demigods seized this opportunity and pinned various parts of his body to the ground, rendering him helpless. This being came to be called Vast (or Vastupurusa) because the gods and demigods managed to lodge themselves on his body. Legends hold that the deities, in pinning him down, occupied different parts of his body and continued to reside there (Figure1). In order to satisfy his hunger, Brahma ordained that he receive offerings from people on building sites before construction. The body of the Vastupurusa is supposed to be sensitive at a number of points called marmas. The well-being of the Vastupurusa assures the well-being of the building and, by implication, its owner. An important criterion for any building, therefore, is to avoid injury to the marmas located on the body of the Vastupurusa. To ensure that this is achieved, texts prohibit any direct construction upon the marmas themselves. The marmas are specifically said to lie at the intersection of major diagonals, seen as the veins (siras or nadis) of the purusa.
1.4 town planning ancient india vedic buddha periodSachin PatiL
Necessity scope principles of Town Planning,
Present status of town planning in India,
Contribution of town planners in modern era,
Sir Patrick Geddes,
Sir Ebenezer Howard,
Clarence stein,
Sir Patrick Abercrombie,
Le Corbusier,
Public Spaces form a major part of the society, temples and spaces around the temple have interesting spaces , the quality of these spaces are absent in todays urbanized buildings. The journey through these heritage buildings become an experience unlike malls in today‟s cities where the journey is restricted, where you know where you will get to, but spaces like streets and the life here has something to be discovered, A story to tell. In this paper I have studied mylapore as a area and the way it got transformed as we see it today.
The interesting spaces in and around the temple.
This PPT will make you familiar with all the beautiful places of Vadodara which can be visited once compulsorily. Vadodara is becoming fastest developing city of India and one should know about the culture and wonderful history of vadodaraa. Lets take a ride to Our Vadodara.
1.4 town planning ancient india vedic buddha periodSachin PatiL
Necessity scope principles of Town Planning,
Present status of town planning in India,
Contribution of town planners in modern era,
Sir Patrick Geddes,
Sir Ebenezer Howard,
Clarence stein,
Sir Patrick Abercrombie,
Le Corbusier,
Public Spaces form a major part of the society, temples and spaces around the temple have interesting spaces , the quality of these spaces are absent in todays urbanized buildings. The journey through these heritage buildings become an experience unlike malls in today‟s cities where the journey is restricted, where you know where you will get to, but spaces like streets and the life here has something to be discovered, A story to tell. In this paper I have studied mylapore as a area and the way it got transformed as we see it today.
The interesting spaces in and around the temple.
This PPT will make you familiar with all the beautiful places of Vadodara which can be visited once compulsorily. Vadodara is becoming fastest developing city of India and one should know about the culture and wonderful history of vadodaraa. Lets take a ride to Our Vadodara.
Villa Sana EcoResort & Natural Health CenterLuis O Maymí
An Eco Resort & Natural Health Center devoted to natural healing, wellness & beauty.
A place & people dedicated to providing services, facilities, education and research programs that help one learn how and to live long , healthy lives.
The term “Vernacular architecture” in general refers to the informal building of structures through traditional building methods without using the services of a professional architect. It is the most widespread form of building .
Vernacular architecture has been growing over time with continuities changes, transformations and adaptations to the different social and economic conditions of each period.
This project on Colonial Architecture in India will help us to :
Develop skills to gather data, investigate different view points and reach to a logical justification.
Appreciate the idea of architecture used by the Britishers.
Understand various features of British Architecture and respect the assimilation of different styles of buildings.
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In today’s digital day and age, Bizzlane enables businesses with B2B marketing, B2B lead generation, promoting and selling B2B products and services and thereby reaching larger audiences. Among the most crucial B2B marketing strategies today is to go digital and that’s exactly what the company does. Be it for manufacturers, dealers, suppliers, vendors, wholesalers, etc. the processes are convenient and beneficial for one and all in the B2B market space.
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Vadodara - Gujarat
"Step into the royal past and enjoy the modern charm of Vadodara - a city that seamlessly blends heritage, culture, and urban lifestyle!"
Vadodara(Bizzlane in Vadodara) is located in western India at 22.30°N 73.19°E and has an elevation of 39 metres (128 ft). According to the 2010-11 census, it is India's tenth-largest city, with an area of 400 square kilometres (150 square miles) and a population of 2.1 million.The city is located in central Gujarat on the banks of the Vishwamitri River. In the summer, the Vishwamitri frequently dries up, leaving only a small stream of water.It is also known as Baroda and is considered one of the cultural hubs of the state. The city has a rich history and cultural heritage, having been ruled by the Maratha Empire and later by the Gaekwads, a prominent Maratha princely state.The city is situated on a fertile plain between the rivers Mahi and Narmada. The cosmopolis is classified as seismic zone III by the Bureau of Indian Standards, on a scale of I to V. (in order of increasing proneness to earthquakes).
Bizzlane in Vadodra 2023 Bizzlane is the product created by by making your p...rajarawat14
In today’s digital day and age, Bizzlane enables businesses with B2B marketing, B2B lead generation, promoting and selling B2B products and services and thereby reaching larger audiences. Among the most crucial B2B marketing strategies today is to go digital and that’s exactly what the company does. Be it for manufacturers, dealers, suppliers, vendors, wholesalers, etc. the processes are convenient and beneficial for one and all in the B2B market space.
Bizzlane in Vadodra 2023 Bizzlane is the product created by by making your p...rajarawat14
In today’s digital day and age, Bizzlane enables businesses with B2B marketing, B2B lead generation, promoting and selling B2B products and services and thereby reaching larger audiences. Among the most crucial B2B marketing strategies today is to go digital and that’s exactly what the company does. Be it for manufacturers, dealers, suppliers, vendors, wholesalers, etc. the processes are convenient and beneficial for one and all in the B2B market space.
The city of Murshidabad, which is situated on the banks of the Bhagirathi River is a part of the Indian state of West Bengal. The city has a lengthy history that dates back to the 18th century. when the Nawabs of Bengal ruled over it and it functioned as the regional capital of the Bengal region. The history of Murshidabad, including its rise to prominence as a political hotspot, its architectural legacy, and its cultural relevance, will be examined in this article.
Murshidabad / City In India - West Bengal
Murshidabad / City In India - West Bengal
History:-
Murshidabad has a lengthy and colorful past that goes back to antiquity. Where the city now stands was once home to a group of holy men known as the rishis, according to the Puranas. The Sen dynasty's capital, the ancient city of Gour, was also located in this area. But in the 12th century, the city started to decay and was eventually abandoned.
The Mughal Empire governed the area in the 16th century building a number of forts and trading posts along the banks of the Bhagirathi River. But up until the 17th century, when the Nawabs of Bengal made Murshidabad their capital, the area was mainly underdeveloped.
Murshidabad being a powerful center
Murshid Quli Khan was appointed governor of Bengal by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in 1704. Murshid Quli Khan was a capable leader who got to work modernizing the area right away. On the banks of the Bhagirathi River, he constructed a new capital and gave it his own name, Murshidabad.
Murshidabad expanded significantly in importance while Murshid Quli Khan was in charge. Merchants from all over India and the Middle East came to the city to buy and sell commodities, turning it into a hub of trade and business. Poets, musicians, and artists began to congregate in Murshidabad to share their abilities, and the city also developed into a hub of art and culture.
Murshid Quli Khan passed away in 1717, and his son-in-law Shuja-ud-Daula took over as the ruler of Bengal. Shuja-ud-Daula was a capable leader who carried on his father-in-law's development and modernization programmes. The Hazarduari Palace and the Katra Masjid are two of the city remarkable structures that he constructed.
The Decline of Murshidabad and the British East India Company
The British East India Company started to increase its sway over India in the latter half of the 18th century. The company started British rule in India when it beat Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, in the Battle of Plassey in 1757.
The British increasingly increased their control over the Bengal region, including Murshidabad, over the ensuing few decades. As the British started to move their administrative center to Kolkata , the city started to decay. As a result a large number of the wealthy merchants and traders from the city relocated to Kolkata taking their money and power with them.
Know about Maharashtra while you are planning to visit the place. It is one of the Top tourists destinations in India where you will find so many things to visit, to wnjoy, to learn. Visit through Maharashtra with theotherhome.com
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2. History
Baroda State has a rich historical background. The ardent historian can trace Baroda's history over 2000 years
and more. The first noted history of the city was of the early trader settlers who settled in the region in 812
A.D. The province was mainly Hindu-dominated with Hindu kings ruling till the year 1297. The Gupta
Dynasty was the first power rulers of the region. After fierce battles, the region was taken over by the Chalukya
Dynasty. Finally, the kingdom was annexed by the Solankis. By this time the Muslim rule had spread across
India, and the reins of power were then snatched by the Delhi Sultans. The city was ruled for a long time by
these Sultans, until they were easily overthrown by the grand Mughal emperors. The Mughals biggest problem
were the mighty Marathas who slowly but eventually took over the region. It became the capital of the Maratha
Gaekwads. Sayaji Rao III was the most able ruler of them, and he made many public and bureaucratic
implementations in the region. The British had a major influence on the region but Vadodara remained a
princely state till Independence and like all other princely states, Vadodara also joined the Republic of India in
1947
Origin of name
Two thousand years back, there was a small town known as quot;Ankottak quot; (present day Akota) on the western
bank of river Vishvamitri. The earliest mention of Vadodara is in a granth or charter of 812 that identifies it as
Vadapadraka, a village attached to the nearby town of Ankottaka. In 600 AD severe floods in Vishvamitri
forced the inhabitants to move to the eastern side of the river to a village known as quot;Vatpatrakquot; (Leaf of
Banayan tree) which developed into Vadodara. In the 10th century Vadapadraka replaced Ankottaka as the
main town.
The city was once called Chandanavati after its ruler Raja Chandan of Dor tribe of Rajputs, who wrested it
from the Jains. The capital had also another name quot;Virakshetraquot; or quot;Virawatiquot; (A Land of Warriors). Later on
it was known as Vadpatraka or Wadodará, which according to tradition is a corrupt form of the Sanskrit word
Vatodar means 'In the heart of the Banyan tree'. It is now almost impossible to ascertain when the various
changes in the name were made; but early English travellers and merchants mention the town as Brodera and it
is from this that the name Baroda is derived. Again in 1974, the official name was changed to Vadodara.In
1907, a small Village & Township in Michigan, United States was named after Baroda.
3. Old Ankotakka
The early man lived on the banks of the river Mahi. This river must have formed the flood plain during that age.
The movements of this “food gathering” parasites on nature, living on the banks of the river, grumbling the roots
and killing animals with crude stone tools made out of the cobbles and pebbles available on the river bank, were
necessarily controlled by the availability of convenient raw materials for their tools. There are evidences of the
existence of early man in the Mahi river valley at a number of sites within 10 to 20 km to the north-east ot
Vadodara. No evidences however of the existence of this man are found in and around present Vadodara. This may
be because of the absence of gravels and cobbles on the banks of the Vishwamitri rivulet.
The next phase of the pre-historic Vadodara witnessed the first human settlement on the right bank of the river
vishwamitri on a group of dunes resting on the alluvium of the river. It also means that men knew about where to
set up settlements, as they had selected an elevated land. The Vishwamitri must have been prone to seasonal floods
even then. These people still belonged to the stone age, crafting their tools with finely grained stones. From their
material culture and physical environment, they seem to have belonged to the same culture as those whose
implements were found in the Mahi river valley. This human settlement has been dated 1000 b.c.
Around the beginning of the Christian Era, a small township developed at the same spot as the above mentioned
settlement on the right bank of the river. It came to be know as Ankotakka (present day Akota), the mound on
which this settlement was established came to be known as Dhantekri. The entire settlement was developed by
clearing grazing land and forest of Ankhol and covered an area of ½ to ¾ sq. km. This is indicative of the presence
of thick forests during those times. Due to its location on the ancient trade route between Gujarat and Malva, this
small township flourished in to a commercial entre. There was a supposed commercial relation between this
township and Rome.
The township of Ankotakka developed during the rules of the Guptas and the Vallabhis. It was subjected to
periodical heavy floods. But a severe flood which inundated the renovated public hall, forced the inhabitants to
abandon this township and move away from the banks of the Vishwamitri.
The event occurred in 600 A.D. The inhabitants moved to the east of Ankotakka to another elevated portion located
on the present kothi area. This formed the nucleus of a new township.
4. Recent history
The City of Vadodara apty described by a medieval Jain writer as a “Tilak on the Brove of Lata.” was a nodal
center of the costal plain of Gujarat. It is strategically situated at a junction of the main highways linking Gujarat
with Rajputana and the Punjab in the north, the Malva and the Gangetic valley in the north east, Konkan in the
south and Khandesh in the south-east. Significantly Vadodara today is a junction on the western railway of the
lines leading to Ahmedabad, Delhi & Mumbai. This confirms the historic role of Vadodara in the communication
pattern for movements of people and culture. The history of Vadodara city amply bears out its cultural and
commercial activities during the last two thousand years. Apart form the traditional stories, our knowledge of the
history of Vadodara is based mainly on Jain literature and a few old inscriptions pertaining to Vadodara.
Baroda state in 1909
Baroda State was a former Indian State in Western India. Vadodara's more recent history began when the Maratha
leader Pilaji Gaekwad (or Gaikwar) conquered Sonagad from the Mughal Empire in 1726. Before the Gaekwars
captured Baroda, it was ruled by Babi Nawabs, who were the officers of the Delhi ruler. Moghul rule came to an
end in 1732, when Pilaji Rao Gaekwar brought the Maratha activities in Southern Gujarat to a head and captured it.
Except for a short period, Baroda continued to be in the reign of the Gaekwars from 1734 to 1948. Initially detailed
to collect revenue on behalf of the Peshwa in Gujarat, Pilaji Gaekwad remained there to carve out a kingdom for
himself. Damajirao, son and successor of Pilajirao defeated the Mughal armies and conquered Baroda in 1734. He
assumed the titles of an independent ruler. His successors consolidated their power over large tracts of Gujarat,
becoming easily the most powerful rulers in the region. After the Maratha defeat by the Afghans at the Third Battle
of Panipat in 1761, control of the empire by the Peshwas weakened as it became a loose confederacy, and the
Gaekwad Maharajas ruled the kingdom until Indian independence. In 1802, the British intervened to defend a
Maharaja that had recently inherited the throne from rival claimants, and Vadodara concluded a treaty with the
British that recognized the Kingdom as a 'Princely state' and allowed the Maharajas of Baroda internal political
sovereignty in return for recognizing British 'Paramountcy', a form of suzereignty where the subject of foreign
affairs was completely surrendered.
5. The greatest period in the Maratha rule of Baroda started with the accession of Maharaja Sayajirao III in 1875.
It was an era of great progress and constructive achievements in all fields. Maharaja Sayajirao III, who ruled
from 1875 to 1939, did much to modernize Baroda, establishing compulsory primary education, a library
system, a university, and model textile and tile factories, which helped to create Baroda's modern textile
industry. Modern Vadodara is a great and fitting memorial to Maharaja Sayajirao. It was the dream of this able
administrator to make Baroda an educational, industrial and commercial centre and he ensured that his
dreamwould come true. For this reason, the city is also referred to as Sayaji Nagari (the town of Sayaji).
With India's independence in 1947, the last ruling Maharaja of Baroda acceded to India. Baroda was merged
into to Bombay State shortly after independence, which was divided into the states of Gujarat and
Maharashtra in 1960, with Baroda part of Gujarat.
6. Few Old Pics from 18 century
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Compiled By
Dhananjay Wagh & Bhavin Parikh