1.
 ON PRESENTED:
= Topic=
FERROUS & NON-FERROUS METALS
 PRESENTED BY :  PRESENTED TO
RAHUL PAL MS. KANIKA MANRAL
3rd Sem.
Guidance to:
MS. KANIKA MANRAL

2.
Ferrous and Non-Ferrous
Metals
 THE SIMPLE IS THAT WHOSE CONTAINS IRON, CALLED “FERROUS
METAL” & WHOSE DON’T CONTAINS IRON, KNOWN AS “NON-
FERROUS METALS”.

3.
 FERROUS METAL
Those metals whose main constituent of iron such a pig iron, cast iron & steel,
known as “Ferrous metals”.
Ferrous metals can also be picked up by a magnet.
Example :
[01]. Cast iron.
[02]. Carbon steel or mild steel.
[03]. Stainless steel.
[04]. Wrought iron.
 It also used to indicate the presence of iron.

4.
 Cast Iron
It also consists of carbon more than 1.5%.
#. Properties-
Strong in compression.
It is brittle so it is tough to machine.
Also have low thermal conductivity.
#. Application-
 It is used as support for plants.
 Casting for domestic hot water boiler.
 Drain cover grills.
 It is used as the outer wall of steam jacket.

5.
 Carbon Steel
or Mild Steel
It also contains a small percentage of carbon. (less than 1.5%)
#. Properties =
Easily weldable.
It has greater mechanical strength than cast iron.
Also react with caustic soda & Nacl solution.
#. Applications =
 Used in pipes & plates construction.
 Used in the supporting structure of grinders.
 Use to fabricate large storage tank for water & organic
solvents.
 Structure supporting bases of vessels.

6.
 Stainless Steel
It contains 18% Cr & 8% Ni, this steel is called 18/8 stainless
steel.
#. Properties =
It is heat resistant.
It is corrosion resistant.
Easy to cleaning & sterilization.
#. Applications =
o Sinks & bench tops.
o Production of plant nearly all equipment.
o Small apparatus like buckets & funnels.
o It is easy of fabrication.

7.
 Non-Ferrous metals
Which can not contain significant quality of iron or iron as base metal, called “Non-Ferrous
metals”.
They utilized in industry due to following advantages-
01]. High corrosion resistance. [Zinc]
02]. High conductivity. [Copper]
03]. Easy to casting, welding & rolling.
Example =
Copper, Aluminium, Tin, Lead, Zinc, Silver, Gold, Magnesium & Nickel etc.
 More expensive than ferrous metals.

8.
. Aluminium
It produced by electrical processes from clayey mineral
known as “bauxite”.
. Properties :
It is corrosion resistant.
Used in the manufacturing of pressure cookers.
Resistant to strong nitric acid.
. Applications :
 Plants for nitric acid used.
 Widely utilized in aircraft industry.
 Storage vessels of acetic acid & ammonia.
 It used in production of citric acid & gluconic acid.

9.
. Copper
It is ductile & malleable metal. It is often red-brown in colour. It
is a very good conductor of heat & electricity.
 Metal use :
 Used for plumbing.
 Manufacturing of electric components.
 Used in cookware & roof coverings.
It is used for heating pans, evaporators, stills.
It is more prone to corrosion.
 It has eight times more thermal conductivity than steel.

10.
. LEAD.
It is soft malleable metal. It is also counted as one of the
heavy metals.
Lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, but it
soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when exposed to air.
It is very cheap.
Metal use =
 Also used for batteries.
 Used in the pharmaceutical industry.
 Used for X-rays.
 Used for collapsible tubes.