1. Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life Chapter 1

3. Order Evolutionary adaptation Response to the environment Reproduction Growth and development Energy processing Regulation Fig. 1-3

6. The biosphere Communities Populations Organisms Ecosystems Fig. 1-4a

7. Fig. 1-4b Organs and organ systems Cells Cell Organelles Atoms Molecules Tissues 10 µm 1 µm 50 µm

12. Fig. 1-5 Sunlight Ecosystem Heat Heat Cycling of chemical nutrients Producers (plants and other photosynthetic organisms) Chemical energy Consumers (such as animals)

14. (a) Wings (c) Neurons (b) Bones Infoldings of membrane Mitochondrion (d) Mitochondria 0.5 µm 100 µm Fig. 1-6

19. Fig. 1-10 Nucleus DNA Cell Nucleotide (a) DNA double helix (b) Single strand of DNA

22. Fig. 1-13 Negative feedback  Excess D blocks a step D D D A B C Enzyme 1 Enzyme 2 Enzyme 3 D (a) Negative feedback W Enzyme 4 X Positive feedback Enzyme 5 Y + Enzyme 6 Excess Z stimulates a step Z Z Z Z (b) Positive feedback

25. Fig. 1-14 Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Domain Ursus americanus (American black bear) Ursus Ursidae Carnivora Mammalia Chordata Animalia Eukarya

29. Fig. 1-16 Cilia of Paramecium Cross section of a cilium, as viewed with an electron microscope Cilia of windpipe cells 15 µm 5 µm 0.1 µm

33. Fig. 1-20 Population with varied inherited traits. Elimination of individuals with certain traits. Reproduction of survivors. Increasing frequency of traits that enhance survival and reproductive success. 4 3 2 1