This document summarizes Puneet Manghani's summer practical training report at the 400kV grid sub-station in Heerapura, Jaipur. The sub-station was established in 2000 by the Government of Rajasthan with a capacity of 250 MVA. It discusses the main tasks of sub-stations including fault analysis, voltage control, protection of transmission systems, and reliable power supply. It also provides details about the equipment used at the sub-station, including bus bars, isolators, insulators, circuit breakers, power transformers, the control room, potential and current transformers, relays, lightning arrestors, and the battery room.
3. ABOUT 400kV GSS
EASTABLISHED:
19 July 2000 by Govt. of Raj.
CAPACITY:
250 MVA
4. INTRODUCTION
Electric power is generated, transmitted and distributed in
the form of AC. The electric power produced at the power
station is delivered to the consumers through a large
network of transmission and distribution.
5. SUBSTATION
Main tasks of sub-station
Fault analysis
Voltage control
Controlling the exchange of energy
Protection of transmission system
Reliable supply
7. CONTENTS
Bus bars
Isolators
Insulators
Circuit breakers
Power transformers
Control room
Potential and current transformers
Relays
Lightning arrestors
Battery room
8. BUS BARS
• An electrical conductor
that makes a common
connection between
several circuits
Single main transfer
scheme
Single bus bar scheme
Double main bus bar
scheme
9. ISOLATORS
• Isolators is a mechanical switch
which isolates a part of circuit
from system when required.
• Types:
i)Double break isolators
ii)Single break isolators
iii)Pantograph type isolators
10. INSULATORS
• It provides insulation between the conductors and
support and thus prevent any leakage current from
conductor to earth.
• Purpose:
i)Support
ii)Break the current
• Types:
i)Pin type insulators
ii)Suspension type insulators
iii)Strain type insulators
11. CIRCUIT BREAKER
The main function of circuit breaker:
i) It carries current continuously
without heating
ii) Opens or close the circuit when
required.
iii)It protects the circuit in case of
any fault.
13. Difference between Isolator and Circuit
Breaker
Isolator is an off-load device while circuit breaker is
an on- load device.
Isolator is a switch which is operated manually,
separates the circuit from the power main and
discharges the trapped charges in the circuit.
Circuit breaker operates automatically, triggered by
electromechanical mechanism inside and are a safety
feature for abnormal and voltage in the circuit
15. Types of power transformer:
Step up transformer and step down transformer
Single phase transformer and three phase
transformer
Electrical power transformer, distribution transformer
an instrument transformer
Two winding transformer and auto transformer
Outdoor transformer and indoor transformer
16. LIGHTNING ARRESTER
A lightning arrester is a device used on electrical
power systems and telecommunications systems to
protect the insulation and conductors of the system
from the damaging effects of lightning. The
typical lightning arrester has a high-voltage
terminal and a ground terminal.
17. RELAYS
A relay is an electrically operated switch
which senses abnormal conditions of
electrical circuit and closes its contacts.
Many relays use an electromagnet to
mechanically operate a switch
19. BATTERY ROOM
A battery room is a room in
a facility used to
house batteries for backup
or uninterruptible power
systems.
20. CONCLUSION
During my two months summer training I got the
knowledge about transmission and distribution of the
electrical power, about the equipment used, their
arrangement and their working.
