PROFINET - The backbone of IIoT. IOT, IIOT, Industrie 4.0 are becoming popular topics of conversation, but what do they mean and where does PROFINET fit into the equation? This presentation will try to explain this and provide a clearer idea of the benefits of using PROFINET as part of an overall move towards these concepts, collectively known as the 4th Industrial Revolution. BIOGRAPHY Peter Thomas is a Process Control and Automation Engineer with Control Specialists Ltd. He is Chairman of the PROFIBUS & PROFINET International Training Centre (PITC) Workgroup and is a member of the PROFIBUS UK Steering Committee.

1. PROFINET and the
Industrial Internet
of Things
The Machine Building Show – Sept 2015
Peter Thomas
(Control Specialists Ltd)
Chairman of the
PROFINET & PROFIBUS
International Training Centres
(PITC‘s)

2. The four stages of the Industrial Revolution
1st Industrial
Revolution
• Follows
introduction of
water and
steam powered
mechanical
manufacturing
facilities
2nd Industrial
Revolution
• Based on mass
production
achieved by
the division of
labor concept
and the use of
electrical
energy
3rd Industrial
Revolution
• Uses
electronics and
IT to achieve
further
automation of
manufacturing
4th Industrial
Revolution
• Based on
Cyber Physical
Systems
• IoT
• IIoT
End of
18th century
End of
19th century
1970’s
today
Increased networking needed!
2

3. Industry 4.0 – Why it matters.
3
40% of the worldwide
manufacturing value is held
by emerging countries. This
equates to 6,577 Billion
Euros.
Industry makes up 15% of
the European economy. This
drives research, innovation,
productivity, job creation
and exports.
The emerging countries have
doubled their share in the
past 20 years.
Western Europe has lost
over 10% of worldwide
manufacturing value
To assume a leading role in
Industry 4.0, Europe will have
to invest 90 Billion Euros per
annum over the next 15 years.
Source – Roland Berger Strategy Consultants – March 2014

4. IoT – The Internet of Things
4
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an environment in which objects, animals or people are provided with
unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human
or human-to-computer interaction (whatis.techtarget.com)

5. IIoT – The Industrial Internet of Things
5
The Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) is the use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in
manufacturing.

6. IoT verses IIoT
Internet of Things
(IoT)
Industrial Internet of Things
(IIoT)
Impact Revolution Evolution
Current status New devices and standards Existing devices and standards
Connectivity Ad-Hoc Structured
Criticality Important but not critical Mission critical
• Analytics
• Security
• Data integrity
• Response times
Data Volume Medium to High Very High
(Big Data – see next slide)
Servicing User User, OEM, Vendor
6

7. Big Data and the 3 V’s
7
• Big data is an evolving term that describes any voluminous amount of structured, semi-
structured and unstructured data that has the potential to be mined for information. It is
often characterised by the 3 V’s:
• The extreme VOLUME of data.
• The wide VARIETY of types of data.
• The VELOCITY at which the data must be must processed.
• Although big data doesn't refer to any specific quantity, the term is often used when speaking
about Petabytes (PB) and Exabyte's (EB) of data where:
• 1 PB = 1015 bytes of data, 1,000 terabytes (TB) or 1,000,000 gigabytes (GB).
• 1 EB = 1018bytes of data, 1000 petabytes (PB) or 1 billion gigabytes (GB).
Source: TechTarget.Com

8. Volume of Data – IoT verses IIoT
8

9. IIoT and the need for Interoperability
9
“At the core of Industry
4.0 and IIoT is the need
for interoperability—of
devices, software, and
entire systems.”

10. IIoT – The challenges
10

11. Ethernet is the Key
11

12. What about Fieldbuses?
12
http://global.ofweek.com/news/Fieldbus-market-is-still-twice-as-big-as-industrial-Ethernet-24515

13. The road to IIoT
13
PROFIBUS PA
PROFIBUS DP
• Evolution
• Existing devices
• Existing networks
• Legacy data
Electrical - Hard-wired
Pneumatic Manual
PROFINETFieldbuses

14. IIoT - Multiple Protocols
14

15. What is PROFINET?
15
PROFINET is the standard for industrial networking in automation. It connects devices, systems,
and cells, facilitating faster, safer, less costly and higher quality manufacturing. It easily
integrates existing systems and equipment while bringing the richness of Ethernet down to the
factory floor.
Completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over
copper or fibre-optic cables,
Makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time”
and deterministic,
PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all
the requirements of automation and control systems.
PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS and
provides seamless integration with other fieldbus
technologies.

16. PROFINET and the 7-layer OSI model.
16

17. PROFINET – the backbone of Industry 4.0 and IIoT
17
Energy Management
Security
DiagnosticsCondition Monitoring
Safety
Real time communication
17
Performance
Industrial Wireless LAN
Flexible topologies
Expandability
Web tools
Open standard
One cable for all purposes
Fast device replacement
Ruggedness/stability
Easy cabling
Media redundancyLarge quantity structures
High transmission rate
Speed High precision
Fast start-up
PROFINET addresses each of these imperatives
efficiency
performance
flexibility

18. PROFINET – The same standard for different industries
18
FACTORY AUTOMATION
An exclusive TCP/IP layer
enables simple exchange of
any data with response times
in the range of 100 ms.
PROCESS AUTOMATION
The real-time feature RT
handles cyclic signal exchange
of I/O data with response
times in the range of 10 ms.
DRIVES
IRT enables safe real-time
communications in the range
of less than 1 ms jitter of less
than 1 s.

19. PROFINET – Enhancements for Process Automation
19
Fieldbus Integration
DCS
HART
PROFIBUS PA
FF H1
PROFIBUS DP
PROFINET
Configuration in Run (CiR)
DCS
Remote I/O Proxy
Time sync / stamping
System Master Clock
(GPS, DCF77, …)
Controller 1 Controller 2 Controller 3
Proxy
Device Device
Backup
Clock Master
Scalable Redundancy
Redundant Controller
Primary
Backup
Redundant Network
Device with
redundant
connectivity
Device with
singular
connectivity

20. PROFINET IRT – High Speed Applications
20
PROFINET enables the simultaneous realisation
of Real-Time and IT-communications on one cable
• Isochronous Real Time (IRT) communication for Motion Control Applications with PROFIdrive-profile
• With PROFINET Specification V2.3 we can achieve short and deterministic reaction time: up to 31.25 s, Jitter < 1 s
• Integration of distributed field devices
• TCP/IP for engineering, diagnosis and HMI-connection

21. IIoT and Security Requirements
21
• Security for systems without their own security functions
• Lack of technical resources necessary for security functions
• Security functions have to be integrated in existing systems
• Real-time operation
• Security functions must not slow down critical reaction time
• Ensure deterministic behavior
• Transparent and cost-efficient integration
• Integrate security functions with minimal configuration effort
• Automation experts are generally not security experts
• Robustness
• Withstand temporary exceptionally-high communication loads

22. Security Strategies
22
Great Wall
“Unconquerable” wall single layer of protection
no more checkpoints behind the wall
Defence in Depth
Multiple layers of protection each layer supports the
other layers for every transition between two layers an
attacker must spend time and effort!
No single security measure is good enough to prevent intrusions !

23. Defence in Depth – Multiple layer security
23
23
Physical Security
- Physical access to facilities and equipment
Policies & procedures
-Security management processes
-Operational Guidelines
-Business Continuity Management & Disaster Recovery
Security cells & DMZ
-Secure architecture based on network segmentation
Firewalls and VPN
- Implementation of Firewalls as the only
access point to a security cell
System hardening
- adapting system from default to secure
User Account Management
- Administration of operator und user
rights (role based access control)
Patch Management
Malware detection and prevention
- Anti Virus and Whitelisting
Potential Threat
DCS

24. PROFINET and Security
24
General security requirements for automation
networks and differences to office-IT
Specific condition and requirements of PROFINET
networks regarding security, e.g. real time
capabilities
Elements and organization of a Security
Management Process
Security concepts for the solution of the
requirements Defence in depth approach
Example configuration

25. Communication Networks - Scalability
Corporate
IT
Central data backbones
Production Network Production Network
Production Network
25

26. Communication Networks - Scalability
Corporate
IT
Central Data Backbones
Production Network Production Network
Production Network
Field
Corporate
Production
26

27. Communication Networks - Interactivity
Field
Production
Corporate
Produktionsnetz
10101001111
ERP
• Connection to
Corporate IT (ERP -
Enterprise Resource
Planning), Data
exchange across
production facilities
• Quality data, Track &
Trace, Optimisation of
production processes
• Remote Services for
central Maintenance
27

28. Communication Networks - Requirements
Field
Production
Corporate
Produktionsnetz
Condition
Monitoring
Energy-
management
Cloud
New RequirementsBandwidth Realtime Usability
28

29. The base of today and tomorrow: conformance with IEEE, IETF, IEC etc.
Requirements of the future
Self Configuration
Openness
Bandwidth
• PROFINET uses
100 Mbit/s today
• PROFINET will be usable
with higher bandwidth
• Scalability is possible
• IP-based communication is
supported by PROFINET
• Importance of IP-based
communication will increase,
e.g. with OPC UA
• Already name based
configuration today
• In the future automatic
assignment of IP-addresses
29

30. Self-configuring / Dynamic Networks
Machine Builder Plant Operator
Delivers machine
with automation
solution and
network
configuration
Integrates machine
in plant requires
changes in network
configuration
Automation and network configuration
intrinsically tied together today
Production Network
30

31. Separation of Automation and Network
Test independent of
network configuration
No IT-Services
Commissioning with
temporary configuration
Doesn’t
want to
deal with
IP-
Addresses
Simply
wants to
connect
the
machines
Automation and Network Configuration must be separate in the future
Automation
Machine Builder
Operation
Plant Operator
Integration in existing
network
Individual requirements
of local IT
31

32. PROFINET and IIoT - Conclusions
32
• Seamless enterprise-wide integration, global accessibility.
• Unlimited node count, powerful capabilities, greater scalability.
• Full TCP/IP, internet and web compatibility, with real-time determinism
• Ethernet cabling eases installation, and familiar IT and Internet tools help during operation, maintenance and
diagnostics.
• Wireless and functional safety easily added.
• Protects investments in plant and people by easily integrating all popular automation networks.
• Strategic links with PROFIBUS include common infrastructure, common engineering platforms, common quality
assurance and common application profiles.
• Modular, flexible, comprehensive - use only what you need now.
• Easily extended and expanded as enterprise needs change.

33. References and UK Support
References
• PROFIBUS & PROFINET International (PI) – www.profibus.com
• PROFIBUS Association of Australia (PAA) – www.profibusaustralia.com.au
• PROFINEWS – www.profinews.com
UK Support - The PROFIBUS Group
• Regional PROFIBUS & PROFINET Association – www.profibusgroup.com
• Certified PROFINET Installer / Certified PROFINET Engineer Training
33

34. Thank You!
peter.thomas@controlspecialists.co.uk
September 2015