1. A
Seminar Report on
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
at
SYNERGIC SYSTEMS,GHAZIABAD
On
Programmable Solar street light automatic switch
(Nature Switch)
Submitted By
PRANJUL KANTIWAL
Department of Mechanical Engineering
ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad
Uttar Pradesh

2. COMPANY NAME- SYNERGIC SYSTEMS,GHAZIABAD
* It is a privately owned company founded in 1998. It
started in commercial plumbing and evolved into a full-
service mechanical engineering company with expertise
across all relevant big-project disciplines. Today it
successfully manage projects all across the United
States and Canada. It a multi-craft employer and
provide a wide variety of services, ranging from single
source turnkey installations to large specialty
subcontracting.
*It provide solutions for different software &
automation requirements.
Projects
With over 11 years of experience in system software &
automation engineering projects, we have solutions for all of
your project requirements. Here are some highlights of recent
projects:
1. GSM Based Monitoring System: GSM based monitoring
system continuously checks the electrical parameters and
generates SMS in alarm conditions. It is a highly configurable
system which allows modification of the alarm conditions and
its corresponding mobile numbers and SMS text. It also logs
the alert conditions, which can be displayed in graphical
format.
ABOUT COMPANY

3. Client: Barco Noida.
2. Computer Aided Testing (CAT) Tower: CAT Tower is
designed to test the power supply board of digital projectors.
Every electrical parameter (Power, Current, Voltage,
Frequency, etc) of the board is measured through
programmable instruments. These instruments are interfaced
through a GUI. Test procedure executes reports in excel, xml,
etc.
Client: Barco Noida.
3. Data Acquisition Board: Data Acquisition Board is used
to display the production of a unit. It continuously read the
current production status and updates it to the GUI.
Production Targets can be set through GUI. It also provides
database support for data logging and displays Graphical
Reports.
Client: Global Instruments.
4. Simulation of Print Head Printing: - The Project includes
the Simulation of Print Head. Printing in Single Pass, Multi
Pass now can be simulated on computer. It not only reduces
the testing time but also saves the media cost, ink and Print
Head Life. The process allows easy checking of the effect of
randomized image data in single pass or in multi pass
printing. Effect of Nozzle Block in Printing can also be easily
identified on computer thereby facilitating easy choice of
nozzle-shifting algorithm. In addition, the effect of different
types of Image engravers is also simulated.

4. Client: SGL Graphics Technologies Surat.
5. Implementation of Image Ripping Algorithms
According to Print Head: This project includes
implementation of Image Processing Filters like Dithering,
Half Toning, N-Level Histogram Equalization, Scaling,
Separation of Image Channels, etc by using advanced
mathematical functions. A BMP image is ripped into a
number of small images, according to print head specification,
called Swathes. These Swathes then pass through these image
filters to generate desired results.
Client: SGL Graphics Technologies Surat.
6. Graphical User Interface for Image Printing: GUI
provides multithreaded environment for controlling Hardware
and Image Ripping Operations. GUI incorporates advanced
Active X controls. Common image parameters are stored in
registry, which can be referred back to at the time of printing.
Client: SGL Graphics Technologies Surat.
7. XYZ Motion Controller: XYZ motion controller controls
x, y, z direction motions of Servo Motors. It supports
RS232/422/485 Communication Protocols. It is a real time
application, which responds to the commands received from
PC. The feedback of operation completion/error is transmitted
to the PC.
Client: SG Electronics Noida.

5. 8. Water Tank Controller: This system is for monitoring
water pumps on real time and providing all type of electrical
safety measures to the attached load on our controller.
Client: Military Engineering Services.
9. Vibro Feeder System: In this project the system is
specifically designed so that the particular type of shell or
particular type of material similar in shape is fed
automatically when the job is on conveyor.
Client: LG Greater Noida.
10.Automatic Washer and Nut insertion: This project is
designed to segregate mixed lot of nuts and bolts and feed
them to a hopper.
Client:LG Greater Noida.
11. Automatic Power Factor Controller: In today’s
competitive business environment power factor control is a
necessity in every industry. Keeping this need in mind,
Synergic Systems has designed a control panel for power
factor correction based on the required sanction load of the
industries.
Client: TIL India Sahibabad.

6. PROJECT UNDERTAKEN: Solar street light
automatic switch (Nature Switch)
PROJECT GUIDE: Mr. Umesh Kumar
Description
The solar street light works without grid
power. It totally relies on solar energy, which is clean, endless
and environment-friendly. The system is mainly
composed of solar panel, light source, controller and battery.
In daytime, when there is sunshine, the solar
panel can convert the solar energy to electric power and store
it in the battery. At night or rainy or cloudy
condition, the controller can judge the brightness of daylight
and automatically switch the light on. And the
battery shall supply the power for lighting.
The solar street lights are applicable for road lighting,
courtyard lighting, landscape lighting, and so on, in both
cities and villages.
Comparing with grid-powered street light, the solar street
light has advantages of no consumption of grid
power, no electricity charge, no need of power supply
facilities, no pollution, easy-installation, one-time
investment long-time payback, etc.
How to ChooseSolarStreet Light System?
Solar LED lights have excellent market prospects, but also the
development of renewable energy in a best way.
However, from the current situation, most people put the
focus more on the solar panels, and LED lights on.

7. And less constant current source and the controller was noted
that the performance and development in this
area. And the choice of high-performance LED constant
current source will not only improve the reliability of
LED lights, and performance with constant current PWM
dimming with PWM dimming the source and output
matching controller, you can greatly reduce the required solar
board area, which for the lamp to reduce costs,
accelerate the popularization of solar LED lights are
extremely important.
components
The street lighting system basically consists of:
a) SPV Module
b) Low maintenance battery
c) Luminaire
d) Pole
e) Battery box
f) Interconnecting cables
The SPV module is fixed firmly on top of the pole with
suitable tilt and inclination so as to
receive maximum sunlight through out the day. The SPV
module thus produces suitable
voltage and current, which is used to charge the battery inside
the battery box. This energy
stored in the battery is used to light up the 7.2 Watts LED
which is housed inside the luminaire
during night time.
Energy efficient LED lamps of atleast 7.2 Watts with 15 Lux,
an inverter and charge controller
card, which is used to convert the stored DC energy in the
battery to suitable AC voltage to

8. ignite the LED. A reflector is provided in the luminaire to
increase and spread the light
uniformly. Auto dim mode after 4 hours.
The charge controller protects the battery from over charge
and deep discharge.
The SPV module, luminaire and the battery box are fixed on
to the Pole and are
interconnected through the cables. The solar street light
operates in the stand alone mode.
The battery is housed inside a battery box, which is fixed on
to the pole at a suitable height
from the ground for easy maintenance and replacement. The
battery provided is low
maintenance tubular lead acid type. This requires minimal
maintenance and has a long life
with regular use. Periodical maintenance of the battery
includes topping up distilled water once
in 2-3 months and applying petroleum jelly to the terminals to
prevent corrosion.
SPECIFICATIONS
The Street lighting system shall be equipped with the
following:
12V-40Wp Solar Module
Energy efficient LED lamps of atleast 7.2 Watts with 15 Lux.
12 feet spread.
02 nos of low/negligible maintenance batteries of 12V-15Ah
(minimum) in a suitable
enclosure.
4.0 Meter MS pole with pedestal/mounting accessories
Automatic On/Off operation
Any other accessories not explicitly mentioned here but
required for completion of the

9. work and proper functioning of the street lighting system.
Solar Module:
MNRE approved, high efficiency, mono/multi crystalline
silicon cells. Solar module of 12-
40Wp (LED) with I-V curve, designed to withstand tough
environment conditions with a test
certificate from SEC/ETDC/ERTL.
Luminaire:
Luminaire with transparent acrylic cover, housing a high
efficiency 7.2 Watts LED lamp that
has a least 100 lumens per Watt shall be fitted with gasket and
accessories for weather
and insect proof operation.
Street Light Characteristic:
Luminaire design shall be such that the lighting area covered
along the road is more
compared to across the road i.e. atleast 15 Lux at 20 feet
distance from the pole along the
road and at least 15 Lux at 15 feet distance from the pole
across the road.
Battery:
12V-15Ah – 02 No.s sealed maintenance free batteries,
designed for repeated cyclic
operations. Its location should be nearer to top of the Pole and
should be enclosed in a
cabin that has pilfer proof lock & key arrangement through
special allen key.
Pole:
The 04 MR pole must be made of MS and painted with
corrosion resistant paint. The pole
shall be heavy duty and suitable for rural applications.
Input Power Consumption:
7.2 Watt (LED)

10. Input Operating Voltage:
12 VDC nominal system voltages
Light Output:
Minimum of 09 LUX at a height of 12 feet
Workingprincipal

11. AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT CONTROL
SWITCH
*Also named as “NATURE SWITCH”.
1. SENSOR SELECTION
As you agree any Automation involves substitution of human
judgment by a device. The intelligence built into
the device should be such that its decision must be almost
nearer to a rational human judgment by a
knowledgeable person in the field. In a Nature Switch the
judgment is based on infrared sensor.
Consequently the sensor while sensing the solar radiation will
not sense the light from most of the normally
used outdoor fitted artificial light sources like LPMV, HPSV,
HPMV etc since their emission in the infrared
spectrum is very negligible for all practical purposes. The
ordinary incandescent lamp is the only exception,
which in any case is not being used, in large numbers due to
their inefficient energy conversion factor. The
infrared sensor is also immune to moon light.
The field of view is another important critical design feature,
which will determine the normal field sources
that are accepted and those that are not accepted. Nature
Switch is provided with a carefully selected field of
view thus making the Nature Switch not to receive any light
emitted by ground-based sources like
automobile light or a torchlight etc. Even the light emitted by
a lamp fitted to a post on which the Nature
Switch is installed will also not reach the sensor. This FOV
coupled with the spectral immunity and the level
of the signal at 60 lux will for all practical purposes make the
Nature Switch to have a highly stable decision

12. making capability regarding the transition from day to night
and from night to day. This decision will invariably
depend only on natural solar radiation and not the artificial
light sources. The near total uniformity of the sky in
the post sunset and pre sunrise situation will facilitate the
installation of the Nature Switch in any direction
like east, west, north or south without any restriction.
The infrared sensor selected for Nature Switch is highly stable
in the long run and will not exhibit calibration
drift and will be linear up to the point of saturation and will be
immune to humidity and temperature. The
stability of the device is proved and is assured with the above
sensor selection.
2. THE SWITCHING LIGHT LEVEL
The light level selected for judging the switching ON is 60 lux
and for switching OFF it is 10 lux. As the
generally aimed Illuminance level in most of the outdoor
areas as per BIS standards is about 30 lux, the
Nature switch will switch ON the lamps on sensing that the
natural light level has gone below 60 lux for a
continuous period of 30 seconds. With this the artificial lamps
are switched ON at the appropriate time. For
switching OFF, a level of 10 lux is appropriate since human
visibility will build to a satisfactory level even at 10
lux in the early Dawn. The model with timer will switch OFF
the load after the selected duration instead of
waiting till dawn.
3. CLOUDS, RAIN AND OTHER FACTORS
One may have a feeling that clouds, rain, fog, mist etc will
make the Nature Switch to misjudge the ambient
levels and leads to switch ON even during the day. Nature
Switch is constructed in such a way that the

13. sensor is sealed in a container to the standards of IP 65. The
presence of cloud, rain, fog, mist etc during the
time when the sun is above the horizon will not make the
ground Illuminance fall below 60 lux. This can
happen only after the sunsets or before the sunrise.
Consequently no erratic switching will occur in Nature
Switch.
4. THE DYNAMIC JUDGMENT
The actual timing of switching should logically be decided
based on a dynamic situation, which is influenced
by atmospheric conditions, which may vary not only by
seasons but also on each day. The timing based
switches known as timers cannot really address the issue in
view of their fundamental limitation of going by a
preset time which may or may not meet the actual field
requirements. The infrared sensor based Nature
Switch with total immunity but capable of responding to the
dynamic variations is the most appropriate and
unique solution.
5. THE EFFECT OF DUST
There may be a genuine feeling that dust present in the
general atmosphere and the high degree of the
same in busy streets, factories etc will get accumulated on the
sensor window and will make the switch to
behave erratically. The other devices tried out in the past were
having design limitations with regard to dust prevention.
Nature Switch is designed is such a way that the sensor
window is part of a vertical wall and the
material used for window construction is having anti static
properties to repel the dust particles. The normal
forces of wind and water will remove the small layers and so
the device performance will not drift drastically
on account of dust.

14. 6.THE EFFECT OF SHADES
The other question usually raised is the effect of fixing the
device under the shade of trees and sunshades.
While the tree will block a major portion of sunlight in the
midday it's effect in the dawn and dusk times will be
very less in view of the fact that light will be reaching from all
directions of the sky almost with the same
intensity. The Nature Switch will switch ON or switch OFF
the lamps only when we do not find any shade of a
tree. But however a tree shade will have an impact in terms of
a slight shift in the timing of operation of the
device. The real difference in terms of time may be as low as
1 second to a high of 5 minutes.
7. FITMENT HEIGHT
The suggested height for fitment is 6 feet from the ground so
that the normal pilferages and unwanted
handling by passersby will be eliminated. This will also make
the sensor not to receive the mud splashing
from a moving traffic in the rainy season.
8. ELECTRONIC DEVICES-- RELIABILITY
The general failure of electronic devices occurs due to many
factors like water, corrosion, high voltage,
thermal damage, component failure etc. Nature Switches are
housed in an insulated molded engineering
plastic container sealed to IP 65. This is to ensure that no
atmospheric contaminants like moisture; corrosive
chemicals etc will not enter the circuit area. The internal
thermal generation is as low as less than 1 watt and
the same is carried away to the ambient by the metal
terminals. Each of the electronic components is
capable of performing up to 80 degrees centigrade. The
thermal elevation at the hottest spot in the circuit will

15. be a maximum of 20 degrees. So the device can perform
continuously in an ambient of up to 60 degrees
centigrade while the highest open-air temperature ever
recorded on the surface of the earth is known to be
only about 54 degrees.
9. INPUT VOLTAGE AND LOAD CURRENT
The Nature Switches do not have a transformer, which is a
cause for many known failures, and a continuous
voltage of even up to 440 also cannot damage the circuit.
Surges and spikes in the mains voltage are
suppressed with specially chosen varistors. The overload trip
and latch mechanism will protect the device
and also the load circuits from high load currents, which can
occur due to many factors beyond the control of,
even the user. The device is also provided a special provision
of over voltage detection and trip and auto
reset. Similarly low voltage also is detected. The device will
be stable and can perform in a voltage range
from 120 to 440 Volts AC though the load is tripped at below
150 volts and above 280 volts for protection.
The device was tested at full load of 16Amps for 5000 cycles,
which means an operation for 5000 days, which
is about 14 years. The sparks across the power switch contacts
at the time of switch OFF is minimized with
special components.The overload trip circuit trips the over
current on the power switch automatically. The
current is measured continuously by a non-series sensor,
which is calibrated for reliability.
10. THE OPERATIONAL STATE AND LED INDICATION
The operational state of the Nature Switch should always be
clear to the user. This is facilitated by an LED,
which changes its color as per the state. Green, Amber and
Red are the three states of the LED. LED also

16. flashes for in different colors to indicate that the Nature
switch has tripped the load and the reason for tripping
is indicated by the color of the flash of the LED.
11. INSTALLATION
The construction facilitates an easy installation with the help
of two screws. The total weight is less than 400
grams, which can be easily suspended. The terminal box is
designed to ensure easy access and at the
same time to provide isolation. The terminal box is molded by
using flame retardant grade plastic materials
with good mechanical properties. A neoprene rubber based
shroud will prevent the insects like ants etc from
coming in contact with the live cables. The SWADEEP 02-EC
is designed to be installed as an integral
system and the product comes with all the needed fixing
brackets etc. SIGN SWITCH is designed to be
installed at the time of manufacture of the signage itself.
12. ELECTRICAL CONNECTION AND THE
CONTACTOR
Nature Switch is intended as a direct substitute to an existing
manual switch. It does not need a contactor if
the connected load is less than 16 Amp. If the load is more,
the same can be handled with the help of a
contactor like all the present timer based installations. If a
contactor is used in a single-phase installation of
more than the rated load or in a three-phase installation of any
load the Nature Switch will only drive the coil
of the contactor, which will handle the actual lamp load.

17. ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT
13. CONCLUSION
We wish to conclude by saying that the Nature Switches were
designed keeping in view the field
requirements and they have proved their reliability and utility.

18. Advantages of Solar street lights
■ The day to day running and maintenance costs are
slashed.
■ The lack of wiring to be installed minimizes the
disruption caused to, for example, road users during
installation
■ Power outages have no impact whatsoever on
street lighting in the area
■ Solar street lights can be easily erected in almost all
locations
■ Location Flexibility
■ Battery backup for cloudy or rainy days
■ No scheduled maintenance for up to 5 years
■ No monthly electric bills
■ Controlled charging to prolong battery service life
■ Better light source - LED lights feature cool white
light without flickering and higher brightness than
sodium lights
■ Safe 12 volt/24 volt circuit, no risk of electric shock
■ Environmentally friendly - 100% powered by the
sun, solar panels reduce fossil fuel consumption,
eliminating pollution
■ Self-contained solution - Light on/off controlled
by automatic daylight sensing or hour preset, no
running or maintenance cost.