1. UNIT - 8
GROUP AND TEAM
PRESENTED BY:
PRAKRITI ACHARYA
NISHANT POKHREL
PRAGYA CHALISE

2. Today we’ll be discussing about :
❑ Meaning of Group
❑ Characteristics of Group
❑ Reasons for Group Formation
❑ Stages of Group Formation
❑ Types of Group
❑ Differences between Formal and Informal Group

3. Group
A group can be defined as two or more
individuals who come together to
achieve particular goal.
OR
It is a combination of individuals, who
have:
•Regular contact and interaction
•Mutual influence
•Common feeling of companionship
And all these acts are performed to
achieve common set of goals.

4. Definitions of Group
There are numbers of definitions of groups. Some of them are :
❑ Stephen Robbins
A group is defined as two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who
have come together to achieve particular objectives.
❑ Moorhead Griffin
Group is a two or more people who interact with one another such that each
person influence and is influenced by the other person.
❑ David H. Smith
A group is a set of two or more individuals who are jointly characterized by a
network of relevant communications, a shared sense of collective identity and one
or more shared dispositions with associated normative strength.

6. Characteristics of Group
o Collection of two or more people
o Common goal or Interest
o Interaction and Interdependence
o Collective Identity
o A Stable Structure

7. Reason of group formation
1) Shared interests or goal: People may come together to purpose a commom
interest or goal, such as a hobby, sport or work project.
2) Need for support or belonging: Individuals may join a group to feel a sense of
belonging or to receive support from others who share similar experience and
challenges.

8. 3.Social Influence:
People may form or join groups because they are influenced by their peers or
because they want to
4.Personal Relationships: Groups may form around pre-existing personal
relationship, such as family , friends or colleagues.
5. Shared identity or values: Individuals may come together based on shared
identity, such as ethically, religion , or political affiliation or shared values and
beliefs.

9. STAGE OF GROUP FORMATION
• Group formation typically involves four stages, which are:
• 1. Forming:
• In this stage, group members are just starting to get to know each other. They
are usually polite and cautious in their interactions as they try to establish their
roles in the group and determine the group’s purpose and goals.
• 2.Storming :
• In this stage, conflicts and differences among group members start to emerge.
Members may challenge each other’s opinions and positions, and disagreements
may arise regarding the group’s goals and objectives.

10. • 3.Norming:
• During this stage, the group starts to develop cohesion and establish norms and rules for
behaviours. Member may start to compromise and work together to achieve common goals.
• 4. Performing:
In this final stage, the group is highly productive and works effectively towards its goals.
Member trust each other, communicate well and work together efficiently the group has clear
sense of purpose and direction and is capable of making decision and solving problems effectively.

11. TYPES OF GROUP
FORMAL WORK GROUP
• COMMAND GROUP
• TASK GROUP
INFORMAL WORK GROUP
• INTEREST GROUP
• FRIENDSHIP GROUP

12. FORMAL GROUP
1. Predetermined objectives
• 2. Well defined responsibility-authority relationship
• 3. Formal relations are well planned and created
deliberately
4. Formal chain of command
5. Usually stable and rigid organizational structure
6. Lack of consideration of human sentiments

13. . COMMAND GROUP
1. Collection of subordinates who report to the same
supervisor.
2. Command groups are based on the basic reporting
relationships in
organizations ,
3. They are frequently represented on organizational charts.

14. . TASK GROUP
.1 Collection of people who come together to accomplish a
specific goal.
2. Once the goal has been accomplished, the task force is
usually disbanded.
3. Standing committee or task groups are task forces that
may be enduring (though members may change) or
permanent in nature.

15. INFORMAL GROUP
1. No predetermined objectives
2. Run with personal and emotional
relationship
3. informal relations are well planned and
created knowingly.
4. Does not have formal chain of command
5. Usually unstable and highly flexible
organizational structure
6. Fully operated with human sentiments 7.
Informal leaders are chosen from the group
member.

16. FRIENDSHIP GROUP
• . Interest group
• 1. Collection of people having a
common goal or objective (related to
their organizational membership)
• . 2. Members involve in group to
achieve organizational goals by uniting
their efforts.
• 3. Membership usually limit within the
organization for particular purpose.
1. Collection of organizational
members who enjoy each other’s
company and socialize with each other
(often both on and off the job).
2. Members know each other very
well and behave good.
3. Membership can be extended
outside the organization.