2. The Planets
• There are 8 planets in our solar system.
• Each one has their own characteristic.
• The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars)
are rocky and closer to the sun.
• The outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and
Neptune) are gassy and farther away from the sun.
3. • Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun.
• Most say that it is the
hottest planet, it is not.
• Venus is the hottest planet
and comes after Mercury.
• It rotates around the Sun in
Mercury
only 88 days.
• It is 36 million miles from
the Sun.
Did you know?: Mercury
was named after the
Roman messenger
Hermes
4. Did you know?: Venus`
symbol stands for female.
• Venus is the second
planet from the Sun.
• It is 67 million miles from
the Sun.
• Venus spins in the
opposite direction than
Earth.
• The temperature on Venus
Venus goes up to 932° F.
• Venus has a really thick
atmosphere mostly made
up of carbon dioxide.
Did you know?: Venus is
also known as “the daughter
of the Sun”.
5. Did you know?: Earth is the only
planet not named after a roman
god.
• Earth is about 4.5 billion
years old.
• It orbits around the Sun
every 365.5 days.
Earth • It tilts at roughly 66°
• Known to have the only
visible liquid water source.
• Earth is 93 million miles
Did you know?: Earth is actually from the Sun.
a female (this picture is false).
6. • Mars is named after the
roman god of war.
• Also known as “The Red
Planet”.
• The water on the planet is
in polar ice caps that are
inside the planet.
• Generally cold,
temperatures ranging from
-200 to 80° F.
• Mars is 142 million miles
Mars
from the Sun.
Did you know?: Mars is also Did you know?: The symbol
known as “the son of the Sun”. for Mars stands for male.
7. Did you know?: Jupiter was
named after the Greek god, Did you know?: The symbol for
Zeus. Jupiter also looks like a ‘4’ or ‘2l’.
• Jupiter is the first gas planet
and the biggest planet in
the solar system.
• It revolves around the Sun
every 12 years.
Jupiter
• “The Great Red Spot” is a
raging storm with winds of
up to 200 miles an hour.
• It rotates really fast. For one
day on Earth, it is 10 hours
on Jupiter.
8. • Saturn is 886 million miles
from the Sun.
• This planet is known for its
rings made up of asteroids
revolving round Saturn.
Did you know?: Saturn was called
“the evil planet” by roman gods. • Different parts of the planet
Saturn rotate at different speeds.
• Saturn is so light that it can
float on water.
The symbol for Saturn looks like
an ‘h’.
9. • Uranus also has 13 rings but Did you know?: Uranus is named
two are very far away from after the Greek god, “Sky God”.
the planet.
• The reason Uranus is blue is
because of the methane
from the Sun.
Uranus
• Uranus is 1.8 million miles
from the Sun.
• It is 4x bigger and 15x
heavier than Earth.
• The scientific hypothesis on
why Uranus spins sideways Did you know?: Uranus` symbol also
is because a space object looks like a Unknown from
collided with it. Pokémon.
10. Did you know?: Neptune is 4 Did you know?: Neptune can
times bigger than Earth. never cover up Earth completely.
• Neptune has a similar Great
spot like Jupiter but it is
called the “Great Blue
Neptune Spot”.
• It is more than 2 million
miles from the Sun.
• A day on Neptune is 16
hours.
• It is closer to the Sun than
Pluto but switch places for
20 years and back 220.
11. Other Space Objects
• There are more than just planets in the galaxies.
• There are moons also that orbit other planets.
• Some are brakeage of planet.
12. Did you know?: There are no ‘did
you knows’ for this one.
• A asteroid is a piece of a
planet that floats in space.
• They have no real shape.
• It is the biggest space object of
the 5.
• They can be caught in orbit
around something. Asteroid
Asteroid
Belt
13. • Comets are the second
biggest of the 5.
• The are coated in ice and
orbit around the Sun.
Comets • The white part is the Ion
tail.
• The other one is the dust
tail which is broken parts of
it.
• A comet`s orbit can vary.
Did you know?: A comet also has
a roman symbol.
14. • A meteoroid is smaller than
an asteroid and comet.
• They are usually the broken
Meteoroid
off parts of one.
15. Did you know?: Most people call
meteors ‘shooting stars’ and
wish for something on them.
Meteor
• A meteor is a meteoroid
that passes through the
atmosphere, Earth`s
atmosphere.
• It may burn up in the
process but it might not.
16. • Meteorites are meteors that
went past the Earth`s
atmosphere and landed on
the Earth. Did you know?: Most people
• Meteorites are most commonly mistake meteors as
commonly big in size. meteorites.
• Some famous spots of
where meteorites hit Earth
include the following.
Meteorite
• - Wolf Creek in Western
Australia
• - Diablo Canyon in Arizona,
United States
17. • The Sun is the center of our solar system.
• The layers and parts include the following in order.
• - The Core is the source of all the Sun`s energy. Temperature is about 15 million
degrees Kelvin.
• - The Radiation Zone contains energy from the core. Mostly hot at the top of the
zone.
• - The Convection Zone carries the magma/lava to the surface by letting them pass
through thermal columns.
The Sun
• - The Photosphere is the part of the sun you can see. The energy from the Sun
(sunlight) can then separate in space. Temperature is about 6,000 Kelvin.
• - The Chromosphere is the outer thin layer of the Sun. This part can also be seen in
eclipses.
• - The Corona is the atmosphere of the Sun. It makes the solar wind.
20. Did you know?: Moon means
Luna which is also the name
of a pony in My Little Pony.
• Earth`s moon was to Earth`s Moon
believed to be formed by
the Earth.
• A long time, a piece of a
planet collided with the (not
completed yet) Earth.
• The Earth`s gravitational
pull made the moon revolve
around Earth.
21. This is Deimos
• Mars has two major moons.
• They are Phobos and
Deimos.
Mars` Moons
This is Phobos.
22. • Jupiter has 63 moons in
total.
• The major one that are
Jupiter`s Moons
Galilean are Io, Europa,
Ganymede, and Callisto.
Top left is Io. Top right is
Callisto
Bottom left is Europa.
Bottom right is Ganymede.
23. • Saturn has 61 moons in
total.
• The major ones are Titan
Saturn`s Moons and Rhea.
This is Titan. This is Rhea.
24. This is Ophelia.
• Uranus has 27 moons in
total.
• The major ones are Oberon
and Ophelia. Uranus` Moons
This is Oberon.
25. • Neptune has 13 moons in
total.
• The major one is Triton.
Neptune`s Moons
This is Triton.
26. Types of Galaxies
• There are different types of
galaxies.
• There are three types of galaxies.
• The most common one is elliptical.
27. • Spiral galaxies have big arms
made up of bright stars and
dust.
Did you know?: Our Milky Way is • The arms come out of the
a spiral galaxy. bulging dust nucleus.
Spiral Galaxies
28. Did you know?: Elliptical galaxies
can be many different colors.
Elliptical Galaxies
• An elliptical galaxy is usually
shaped like a football or a
ball.
29. • Irregular galaxies
don’t really has a
shape.
• Galaxies like this
have no real Irregular Galaxies
category.
• The stars are spread
out unevenly in this
galaxy.
32. Did you know?: The Hubble Space
Telescope is a reflecting telescope.
Telescopes • The two types of telescopes
are refracting and
reflecting.
• Refracting uses convex
glasses.
• Reflecting uses curved
mirrors.
33. Telescope(cont`d) Radio
• These types of telescopes
study radio waves in space
and can freely move around
in space.
• When on Earth, it looks like
a big satellite dish for TV.
34. • Any object that revolves
around another.
• A good example is a
Satellite weather news satellite that
revolves around Earth
collecting data abound the
weather.
35. Some examples:
Mariner 2 • Space probes can travel far
distances.
• They travel to planets,
collect information and
send it back to Earth.
Pioneer 10
Space Probes
Voyager 1
Viking
1
37. Mass and Distance Effects on Gravity
• Mass is the amount of
atoms in an object. • If the distance between the
• The distance between two two objects are increased
objects with gravitational the gravitational pull
force increases. decreases.
• The mass also has to
increase.
