1. Policy Needs to Create and Grow
Low-carbon Intensity Hydrogen
Markets in ASEAN
Alloysius Joko Purwanto
Joko.purwanto@eria.org
OECD webinar on the “Implications of low-carbon hydrogen production on renewable energy systems”
Thursday 30 March 2023
2018

2. Potential of Renewables
Significant but mainly unbundled potential of variable renewable sources
Source: ERIA/IEEJ (2022) Decarbonisation of ASEAN Energy Systems: Optimum Technology Selection Model Analysis up to 2060
Solar PV potential
Wind power potential
Hydropower potential
Should renewable electricity be
used directly or be transformed
to hydrogen?

3. What sort of policies?
• Establishing a national hydrogen strategy and policies, including carbon
pricing.
• Launching low-carbon intensity hydrogen pilot projects focusing on the use
surplus electricity where hydrogen plays the role of battery and carriers.
• Developing market potential from the current (virtual) network of providing
power in (remote) islands and remote grids
• Starting the carbon intensity lowering process of hydrogen in industries (oil
refining, ammonia, methanol, iron & steel)
Policies that consider affordability of low-carbon intensity hydrogen

4. Hydrogen Demand from Industry in ASEAN
Industry is currently the only user of
hydrogen, why don’t we start with it?
APS, Likely, STEPS are scenarios built in ERIA study on H2 in hydrogen use in ASEAN (on-going study)
3,215,604
3,656,889
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
2015 2020
Historical Industrial Use of Hydrogen in
ASEAN (MT)
Ammonia Refineries Metals (Steel)
Methanol Chemicals & others Total
7,315,226
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
2050
ERIA's STEPS Scenario (MT)
Ammonia Refineries Metals (Steel)
Methanol Chemicals & others Total
11,276,989
0
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
2050
ERIA's APS Scenario (MT)
Ammonia Refineries Metals (Steel)
Methanol Chemicals & others Total
8,082,502
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
2050
ERIA's Likely Scenario (MT)
Ammonia Refineries Metals (Steel)
Methanol Chemicals & others Total